๐Ÿ”ฅ

Intense Degree: -(์œผ)ใ„น ๋Œ€๋กœ

Keywords
๋Œ€๋กœ
Lesson #
S
Done
Section
Intermediate Grammar
๐Ÿ”ฅ
TL;DR ๐Ÿฆ„
  • -(์œผ)ใ„น ๋Œ€๋กœ means to the point that something is fully/maximally done or has reached an extreme state.
  • It often appears in repeated-looking chunks like ์ง€์น  ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ง€์ณค์–ด์š” = โ€œIโ€™m completely exhausted.โ€
  • Think: โ€œas much as it can be / to the fullest possible degree.โ€
๐Ÿ”Š
๐ŸŽง Iru Helper Note โ€” Open
Korean Helper Widgets
Korean Helper Widgets
and listen to ์ง€์น  ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ง€์ณค์–ด์š”, ๋ง๊ฐ€์งˆ ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋ง๊ฐ€์กŒ์–ด์š”, ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋‚  ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋‚ฌ์–ด์š”, and ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆด ๋Œ€๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ ธ์–ด์š”. The pattern often has a dramatic โ€œmaxed outโ€ rhythm.
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๐ŸŒˆ The Big Picture

๋Œ€๋กœ can mean โ€œas / according to / in the way,โ€ but in -(์œผ)ใ„น ๋Œ€๋กœ, it often marks the limit or maximum extent of an action or state.
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It says:
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โ€œIt has gone as far as it can go.โ€
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Examples:
  • ์ง€์น  ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ง€์ณค์–ด์š”.
    • [ji-chil dae-ro ji-chyeo-sseo-yo]
      Iโ€™m completely exhausted. / Iโ€™m exhausted to the limit. ๐Ÿ˜ต
  • ๋ง๊ฐ€์งˆ ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋ง๊ฐ€์กŒ์–ด์š”.
    • [man-ga-jil dae-ro man-ga-jyeo-sseo-yo]
      It is broken beyond repair / it is as broken as it can get. ๐Ÿงฉ
  • ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆด ๋Œ€๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ ธ์–ด์š”.
    • [gi-da-ril dae-ro gi-da-ryeo-sseo-yo]
      I waited as long as I possibly could. โณ
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This pattern is expressive. It is useful when something feels maxed out, fully developed, completely used up, or pushed to the limit.

๐ŸŽจ The Core Meaning Family

1. Extreme state: โ€œcompletely / to the limitโ€

Use this when a state has reached a maximum.
  • ์ง€์น  ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ง€์น˜๋‹ค
    • [ji-chil dae-ro ji-chi-da]
      to be completely exhausted
  • ๋‚ก์„ ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋‚ก๋‹ค
    • [nal-geul dae-ro nak-tta]
      to be extremely old/worn out
  • ๋ง๊ฐ€์งˆ ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋ง๊ฐ€์ง€๋‹ค
    • [man-ga-jil dae-ro man-ga-ji-da]
      to be completely broken
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2. Emotion pushed to the limit

Use it when emotion has built up intensely.
  • ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋‚  ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋‚ฌ์–ด์š”.
    • [hwa-ga nal dae-ro na-sseo-yo]
      Iโ€™m as angry as I can get. ๐Ÿ˜ก
  • ์‹ค๋งํ•  ๋Œ€๋กœ ์‹ค๋งํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
    • [sil-mang-hal dae-ro sil-mang-hae-sseo-yo]
      Iโ€™m completely disappointed. ๐Ÿ’”
  • ๋†€๋ž„ ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋†€๋ž์–ด์š”.
    • [nol-lal dae-ro nol-la-sseo-yo]
      I was absolutely shocked. ๐Ÿ˜ณ
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3. Action done enough / to the fullest

Use it when someone has done all they reasonably can.
  • ์ฐธ์„ ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ฐธ์•˜์–ด์š”.
    • [cha-meul dae-ro cha-ma-sseo-yo]
      I endured as much as I could. ๐Ÿง˜
  • ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆด ๋Œ€๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ ธ์–ด์š”.
    • [gi-da-ril dae-ro gi-da-ryeo-sseo-yo]
      I waited as long as I could.
  • ๋งํ•  ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋งํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
    • [mal-hal dae-ro ma-rae-sseo-yo]
      I said everything I could / Iโ€™ve said all there is to say.
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4. Common repeated structure

The most common shape is:
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Verb/adjective stem + -(์œผ)ใ„น ๋Œ€๋กœ + same verb/adjective in past
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Examples:
  • ์ง€์น  ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ง€์ณค์–ด์š”.
  • ์ฐธ์„ ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ฐธ์•˜์–ด์š”.
  • ๋‚ก์„ ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋‚ก์•˜์–ด์š”.
  • ๋ง๊ฐ€์งˆ ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋ง๊ฐ€์กŒ์–ด์š”.
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This repetition makes the sentence feel complete and emphatic: โ€œIt has reached that point fully.โ€

๐Ÿงฉ Formation Rules

Use the future/adnominal modifier -(์œผ)ใ„น before ๋Œ€๋กœ.
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Vowel stem + ใ„น ๋Œ€๋กœ

  • ๊ฐ€๋‹ค โ†’ ๊ฐˆ ๋Œ€๋กœ
  • ํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ ํ•  ๋Œ€๋กœ
  • ์ง€์น˜๋‹ค โ†’ ์ง€์น  ๋Œ€๋กœ
  • ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜๋‹ค โ†’ ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋‚  ๋Œ€๋กœ
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Consonant stem + ์„ ๋Œ€๋กœ

  • ๋จน๋‹ค โ†’ ๋จน์„ ๋Œ€๋กœ
  • ์ฝ๋‹ค โ†’ ์ฝ์„ ๋Œ€๋กœ
  • ์ฐธ๋‹ค โ†’ ์ฐธ์„ ๋Œ€๋กœ
  • ๋‚ก๋‹ค โ†’ ๋‚ก์„ ๋Œ€๋กœ
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ใ„น-ending stem + ๋Œ€๋กœ

For stems ending in ใ„น, keep the ใ„น and add ๋Œ€๋กœ.
  • ์‚ด๋‹ค โ†’ ์‚ด ๋Œ€๋กœ
  • ๋†€๋‹ค โ†’ ๋†€ ๋Œ€๋กœ
  • ๋งŒ๋“ค๋‹ค โ†’ ๋งŒ๋“ค ๋Œ€๋กœ
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Past main verb is common

The -(์œผ)ใ„น ๋Œ€๋กœ part sets the limit, and the final verb often shows that the limit has already been reached.
  • ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆด ๋Œ€๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ ธ์–ด์š”.
  • ์ง€์น  ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ง€์ณค์–ด์š”.
  • ์ƒํ•  ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ƒํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.

๐Ÿ› ๏ธ How It Works in Real Sentences

1. Physical exhaustion

  • ํ•˜๋ฃจ ์ข…์ผ ์ผํ•ด์„œ ์ง€์น  ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ง€์ณค์–ด์š”.
    • [ha-ru jong-il il-hae-seo ji-chil dae-ro ji-chyeo-sseo-yo]
      I worked all day, so Iโ€™m completely exhausted.
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2. Broken or damaged state

  • ์ด ์˜์ž๋Š” ์˜ค๋ž˜๋ผ์„œ ๋‚ก์„ ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋‚ก์•˜์–ด์š”.
    • [i ui-ja-neun o-rae-dwae-seo nal-geul dae-ro nal-ga-sseo-yo]
      This chair is old, so it is completely worn out.
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3. Emotional limit

  • ๋ช‡ ๋ฒˆ์ด๋‚˜ ์„ค๋ช…ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ์•„์ง๋„ ๋ชฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋‹ต๋‹ตํ•  ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋‹ต๋‹ตํ•ด์š”.
    • [myeot beo-ni-na seol-myeong-haen-neun-de a-jik-do mol-la-seo dap-da-pal dae-ro dap-da-pae-yo]
      I explained it several times, but they still donโ€™t understand, so Iโ€™m beyond frustrated.
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4. Done everything possible

  • ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•  ๋Œ€๋กœ ํ–ˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฝ์‹œ๋‹ค.
    • [u-ri-neun hal dae-ro hae-sseu-ni-kka gyeol-gwa-reul gi-da-rip-si-da]
      We did everything we could, so letโ€™s wait for the result.
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5. Reaching the limit of patience

  • ์ฐธ์„ ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ฐธ์•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋” ์ด์ƒ์€ ๋ชป ์ฐธ๊ฒ ์–ด์š”.
    • [cha-meul dae-ro cha-mat-ji-man deo i-sang-eun mot cham-ge-sseo-yo]
      I endured as much as I could, but I canโ€™t take it anymore.

๐Ÿ” Nuance: Similar Patterns

-(์œผ)ใ„น ๋Œ€๋กœ

Extreme limit or full extent.
  • ์ง€์น  ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ง€์ณค์–ด์š”.
    • Iโ€™m completely exhausted.
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-(์œผ)ใ„น ๋งŒํผ

To the extent that / enough to.
  • ์šธ ๋งŒํผ ํž˜๋“ค์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
    • It was hard enough to make me cry.
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-(์œผ)ใ„น ์ •๋„๋กœ

To the degree that / so... that...
  • ๋ง๋„ ๋ชป ํ•  ์ •๋„๋กœ ํ”ผ๊ณคํ•ด์š”.
    • Iโ€™m so tired that I canโ€™t even speak.
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-๋Š” ๋Œ€๋กœ

As soon as / as one does / according to the way something happens.
  • ๋„์ฐฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€๋กœ ์—ฐ๋ฝํ• ๊ฒŒ์š”.
    • Iโ€™ll contact you as soon as I arrive.
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์žˆ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ

Just as it is.
  • ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋งํ•ด ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
    • Please say it just as it is.
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Easy contrast:
  • limit maxed out โ†’ ์ง€์น  ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ง€์ณค์–ด์š”.
  • as soon as โ†’ ๋„์ฐฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€๋กœ ์—ฐ๋ฝํ• ๊ฒŒ์š”.
  • just as it is โ†’ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋งํ•ด ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.

๐Ÿ“š Cross-check note


๐Ÿชž Common Chunks

  • ์ง€์น  ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ง€์น˜๋‹ค โ€” to be completely exhausted
  • ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋‚  ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋‚˜๋‹ค โ€” to be extremely angry
  • ๋‚ก์„ ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋‚ก๋‹ค โ€” to be completely worn out
  • ๋ง๊ฐ€์งˆ ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋ง๊ฐ€์ง€๋‹ค โ€” to be completely broken
  • ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆด ๋Œ€๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋‹ค โ€” to wait as long as one can
  • ์ฐธ์„ ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ฐธ๋‹ค โ€” to endure as much as one can
  • ํ•  ๋Œ€๋กœ ํ•˜๋‹ค โ€” to do everything one can / do as one wishes depending on context

โš ๏ธ Pitfalls to Dodge

  • โŒ Confusing -(์œผ)ใ„น ๋Œ€๋กœ with -๋Š” ๋Œ€๋กœ.
    • โœ… ๋„์ฐฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€๋กœ = as soon as arriving; ์ง€์น  ๋Œ€๋กœ = to the limit of exhaustion.
  • โŒ ์ง€์น˜๋Š” ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ง€์ณค์–ด์š” for โ€œcompletely exhausted.โ€
    • โœ… ์ง€์น  ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ง€์ณค์–ด์š”.
  • โŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์„ ๋Œ€๋กœ โ†’ โœ… ๋งŒ๋“ค ๋Œ€๋กœ.
  • โŒ Using it for neutral degree.
    • โœ… Use it for strong, emphatic, โ€œmaxed outโ€ situations.
  • โš ๏ธ Many -(์œผ)ใ„น ๋Œ€๋กœ expressions sound dramatic. They are natural for frustration, exhaustion, damage, and intense emotion, but too strong for ordinary small changes.
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๐Ÿ”ฅ Bottom line: -(์œผ)ใ„น ๋Œ€๋กœ is max-level degree grammar. Use it when something has gone as far as it can: ์ง€์น  ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ง€์ณค์–ด์š”, ์ฐธ์„ ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ฐธ์•˜์–ด์š”, ๋ง๊ฐ€์งˆ ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋ง๊ฐ€์กŒ์–ด์š”.
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Try this exercise

Instructions: Complete each sentence with the correct -(์œผ)ใ„น ๋Œ€๋กœ form.
1. ์ง€์น˜๋‹ค โ†’ ํ•˜๋ฃจ ์ข…์ผ ์ผํ•ด์„œ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ์ง€์ณค์–ด์š”.
Answer
์ง€์น  ๋Œ€๋กœ โ†’ ์ง€์น  ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ง€์ณค์–ด์š”.
2. ์ฐธ๋‹ค โ†’ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ์ฐธ์•˜์–ด์š”.
Answer
์ฐธ์„ ๋Œ€๋กœ.
3. ๋‚ก๋‹ค โ†’ ์˜์ž๊ฐ€ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ๋‚ก์•˜์–ด์š”.
Answer
๋‚ก์„ ๋Œ€๋กœ.
4. ๋ง๊ฐ€์ง€๋‹ค โ†’ ํœด๋Œ€ํฐ์ด ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ๋ง๊ฐ€์กŒ์–ด์š”.
Answer
๋ง๊ฐ€์งˆ ๋Œ€๋กœ.
5. ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜๋‹ค โ†’ ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ๋‚ฌ์–ด์š”.
Answer
๋‚  ๋Œ€๋กœ.
6. ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋‹ค โ†’ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ ธ์–ด์š”.
Answer
๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆด ๋Œ€๋กœ.
7. ํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
We did everything we could.
Answer
ํ•  ๋Œ€๋กœ.
8. Fix it: โŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์„ ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์–ด์š”
Answer
โœ… ๋งŒ๋“ค ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
9. Choose โ€œas soon as I arriveโ€:
โ‘  ๋„์ฐฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€๋กœ / โ‘ก ๋„์ฐฉํ•  ๋Œ€๋กœ
Answer
โ‘  ๋„์ฐฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€๋กœ. That is the โ€œas soon asโ€ pattern, not the intense-degree pattern.
10. ์ง€์น  ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ง€์ณค์–ด์š” means:
Answer
Iโ€™m completely exhausted / exhausted to the limit.
๐Ÿ“š
Vocabulary Box
  • ์ง€์น˜๋‹ค [ji-chi-da] โ†’ to be exhausted
  • ์ฐธ๋‹ค [cham-tta] โ†’ to endure
  • ๋‚ก๋‹ค [nak-tta] โ†’ to be old/worn out
  • ๋ง๊ฐ€์ง€๋‹ค [man-ga-ji-da] โ†’ to break / be ruined
  • ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜๋‹ค [hwa-ga na-da] โ†’ to get angry
  • ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋‹ค [gi-da-ri-da] โ†’ to wait
  • ๋Œ€ in ๋Œ€๋กœ โ†’ way/extent in this grammar
Tip ๐Ÿ’ก If the feeling is โ€œmaxed out,โ€ -(์œผ)ใ„น ๋Œ€๋กœ may fit.

๐Ÿš€
Want more reps? The Practice Hub below trains maxed-out degree, repeated chunks, and contrast with -๋Š” ๋Œ€๋กœ.
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๐Ÿ“ฆ
๐ŸŽฏ Practice Hub โ€” Intense Degree: -(์œผ)ใ„น ๋Œ€๋กœ
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Welcome to the max-level grammar gym. ๐Ÿ”ฅ Youโ€™ll practice exhaustion, damage, anger, patience, and โ€œI did everything I couldโ€ sentences.
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๐Ÿ”Š Audio reminder: Use
Korean Helper Widgets
Korean Helper Widgets
whenever you want to hear a sentence aloud.
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Exercise 1 โ€” Form Builder ๐Ÿ”ง

A. ์ง€์น˜๋‹ค โ†’ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ
Answer
์ง€์น  ๋Œ€๋กœ.
B. ์ฐธ๋‹ค โ†’ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ
Answer
์ฐธ์„ ๋Œ€๋กœ.
C. ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋‹ค โ†’ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ
Answer
๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆด ๋Œ€๋กœ.
D. ํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ
Answer
ํ•  ๋Œ€๋กœ.
E. ๋‚ก๋‹ค โ†’ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ
Answer
๋‚ก์„ ๋Œ€๋กœ.
F. ๋ง๊ฐ€์ง€๋‹ค โ†’ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ
Answer
๋ง๊ฐ€์งˆ ๋Œ€๋กœ.
G. ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜๋‹ค โ†’ ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ
Answer
๋‚  ๋Œ€๋กœ.
H. ๋†€๋‹ค โ†’ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ
Answer
๋†€ ๋Œ€๋กœ.
I. ๋งŒ๋“ค๋‹ค โ†’ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ
Answer
๋งŒ๋“ค ๋Œ€๋กœ.
J. ์ƒํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ
Answer
์ƒํ•  ๋Œ€๋กœ.
๐Ÿ”ง
Form Box
  • vowel stem โ†’ ใ„น ๋Œ€๋กœ
  • consonant stem โ†’ ์„ ๋Œ€๋กœ
  • ใ„น stem โ†’ keep ใ„น: ๋†€ ๋Œ€๋กœ, ๋งŒ๋“ค ๋Œ€๋กœ
Tip ๐Ÿ’ก This pattern often repeats the same verb: ์ง€์น  ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ง€์น˜๋‹ค.
ย 

Exercise 2 โ€” Complete the Maxed-Out Sentence ๐Ÿ”ฅ

A. ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋ฐ”๋น ์„œ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ์ง€์ณค์–ด์š”.
Answer
์ง€์น  ๋Œ€๋กœ.
B. ์˜ค๋ž˜๋œ ๊ฐ€๋ฐฉ์ด๋ผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ๋‚ก์•˜์–ด์š”.
Answer
๋‚ก์„ ๋Œ€๋กœ.
C. ํœด๋Œ€ํฐ์„ ๋ช‡ ๋ฒˆ ๋–จ์–ด๋œจ๋ ค์„œ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ๋ง๊ฐ€์กŒ์–ด์š”.
Answer
๋ง๊ฐ€์งˆ ๋Œ€๋กœ.
D. ์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ ค์„œ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ ธ์–ด์š”.
Answer
๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆด ๋Œ€๋กœ.
E. ๋” ์ด์ƒ ๋ชป ์ฐธ๊ฒ ์–ด์š”. ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ์ฐธ์•˜์–ด์š”.
Answer
์ฐธ์„ ๋Œ€๋กœ.
F. ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ๋‚ฌ์–ด์š”.
Answer
๋‚  ๋Œ€๋กœ.
G. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ํ–ˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ ค ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
Answer
ํ•  ๋Œ€๋กœ.
H. ์Œ์‹์ด ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ์ƒํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
Answer
์ƒํ•  ๋Œ€๋กœ.
I. ์•„์ด๋“ค์ด ํ•˜๋ฃจ ์ข…์ผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ๋†€์•˜์–ด์š”.
Answer
๋†€ ๋Œ€๋กœ.
J. ์ค€๋น„๋Š” ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
Answer
ํ•  ๋Œ€๋กœ.
๐Ÿ”ฅ
Maxed-out clues
  • too busy โ†’ exhausted
  • very old โ†’ worn out
  • dropped many times โ†’ broken
  • waited a long time โ†’ waited enough
  • cannot endure anymore โ†’ endured enough
ย 

Exercise 3 โ€” Choose -(์œผ)ใ„น ๋Œ€๋กœ or -๋Š” ๋Œ€๋กœ ๐Ÿงญ

A. โ€œAs soon as I arrive, Iโ€™ll call.โ€
โ‘  ๋„์ฐฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ „ํ™”ํ• ๊ฒŒ์š”.
โ‘ก ๋„์ฐฉํ•  ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ „ํ™”ํ• ๊ฒŒ์š”.
Answer
โ‘  ๋„์ฐฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ „ํ™”ํ• ๊ฒŒ์š”.
B. โ€œIโ€™m completely exhausted.โ€
โ‘  ์ง€์น˜๋Š” ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ง€์ณค์–ด์š”.
โ‘ก ์ง€์น  ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ง€์ณค์–ด์š”.
Answer
โ‘ก ์ง€์น  ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ง€์ณค์–ด์š”.
C. โ€œDo it according to what I say.โ€
โ‘  ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€๋กœ ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
โ‘ก ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•  ๋Œ€๋กœ ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
Answer
โ‘  ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€๋กœ ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
D. โ€œI endured as much as I could.โ€
โ‘  ์ฐธ๋Š” ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ฐธ์•˜์–ด์š”.
โ‘ก ์ฐธ์„ ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ฐธ์•˜์–ด์š”.
Answer
โ‘ก ์ฐธ์„ ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ฐธ์•˜์–ด์š”.
E. โ€œWrite it as you hear it.โ€
โ‘  ๋“ฃ๋Š” ๋Œ€๋กœ ์“ฐ์„ธ์š”.
โ‘ก ๋“ค์„ ๋Œ€๋กœ ์“ฐ์„ธ์š”.
Answer
โ‘  ๋“ฃ๋Š” ๋Œ€๋กœ ์“ฐ์„ธ์š”.
F. โ€œThe chair is completely worn out.โ€
โ‘  ์˜์ž๊ฐ€ ๋‚ก์„ ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋‚ก์•˜์–ด์š”.
โ‘ก ์˜์ž๊ฐ€ ๋‚ก๋Š” ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋‚ก์•˜์–ด์š”.
Answer
โ‘  ์˜์ž๊ฐ€ ๋‚ก์„ ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋‚ก์•˜์–ด์š”.
G. โ€œPlease say it just as it is.โ€
โ‘  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋งํ•ด ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
โ‘ก ์žˆ์„ ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋งํ•ด ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
Answer
โ‘  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋งํ•ด ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
H. โ€œWe did everything we could.โ€
โ‘  ํ•  ๋Œ€๋กœ ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
โ‘ก ํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€๋กœ ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
Answer
โ‘  ํ•  ๋Œ€๋กœ ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
I. โ€œContact me as soon as you finish.โ€
โ‘  ๋๋‚˜๋Š” ๋Œ€๋กœ ์—ฐ๋ฝํ•ด ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
โ‘ก ๋๋‚  ๋Œ€๋กœ ์—ฐ๋ฝํ•ด ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
Answer
โ‘  ๋๋‚˜๋Š” ๋Œ€๋กœ ์—ฐ๋ฝํ•ด ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
J. โ€œThe phone is completely broken.โ€
โ‘  ํœด๋Œ€ํฐ์ด ๋ง๊ฐ€์งˆ ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋ง๊ฐ€์กŒ์–ด์š”.
โ‘ก ํœด๋Œ€ํฐ์ด ๋ง๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋ง๊ฐ€์กŒ์–ด์š”.
Answer
โ‘  ๋ง๊ฐ€์งˆ ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋ง๊ฐ€์กŒ์–ด์š”.
๐Ÿงญ
Decision Box
  • -(์œผ)ใ„น ๋Œ€๋กœ โ†’ maxed-out degree
  • -๋Š” ๋Œ€๋กœ โ†’ as soon as / according to how
  • ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ โ†’ just as it is
Tip ๐Ÿ’ก If it means โ€œto the limit,โ€ look for -(์œผ)ใ„น ๋Œ€๋กœ.
ย 

Exercise 4 โ€” Translation Practice โœ๏ธ

A. Translate: โ€œIโ€™m completely exhausted.โ€
Answer
์ง€์น  ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ง€์ณค์–ด์š”.
B. Translate: โ€œI waited as long as I could.โ€
Answer
๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆด ๋Œ€๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ ธ์–ด์š”.
C. Translate: โ€œI endured as much as I could, but I canโ€™t anymore.โ€
Answer
์ฐธ์„ ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ฐธ์•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋” ์ด์ƒ ๋ชป ์ฐธ๊ฒ ์–ด์š”.
D. Translate: โ€œThe chair is completely worn out.โ€
Answer
์˜์ž๊ฐ€ ๋‚ก์„ ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋‚ก์•˜์–ด์š”.
E. Translate: โ€œThe phone is completely broken.โ€
Answer
ํœด๋Œ€ํฐ์ด ๋ง๊ฐ€์งˆ ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋ง๊ฐ€์กŒ์–ด์š”.
F. Translate: โ€œWe did everything we could.โ€
Answer
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•  ๋Œ€๋กœ ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
G. Translate: โ€œIโ€™m extremely disappointed.โ€
Answer
์‹ค๋งํ•  ๋Œ€๋กœ ์‹ค๋งํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
H. Translate: โ€œThey played as much as they wanted.โ€
Answer
๋†€ ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋†€์•˜์–ด์š”.
I. Translate: โ€œThe food has gone completely bad.โ€
Answer
์Œ์‹์ด ์ƒํ•  ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ƒํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
J. Translate: โ€œI said everything I could say.โ€
Answer
๋งํ•  ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋งํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
โœ๏ธ
Useful sentence endings
  • ์ง€์ณค์–ด์š” โ†’ am exhausted
  • ๋ง๊ฐ€์กŒ์–ด์š” โ†’ got broken
  • ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ ธ์–ด์š” โ†’ waited
  • ์ฐธ์•˜์–ด์š” โ†’ endured
  • ํ–ˆ์–ด์š” โ†’ did
Tip ๐Ÿ’ก The final verb often repeats the meaning of the -(์œผ)ใ„น ๋Œ€๋กœ verb.
ย 

Exercise 5 โ€” Mixed Mastery + Pitfall Patrol ๐Ÿ›ก๏ธ

A. Fix: โŒ ์ง€์น˜๋Š” ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ง€์ณค์–ด์š”
Answer
โœ… ์ง€์น  ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ง€์ณค์–ด์š”.
B. Fix: โŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์„ ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์–ด์š”
Answer
โœ… ๋งŒ๋“ค ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
C. Fix: โŒ ์ฐธ๋Š” ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ฐธ์•˜์–ด์š”
Answer
โœ… ์ฐธ์„ ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ฐธ์•˜์–ด์š”.
D. Choose the maxed-out sentence:
โ‘  ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋‚  ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋‚ฌ์–ด์š”.
โ‘ก ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋‚ฌ์–ด์š”.
Answer
โ‘  ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋‚  ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋‚ฌ์–ด์š”.
E. Choose the โ€œas soon asโ€ sentence:
โ‘  ๋๋‚˜๋Š” ๋Œ€๋กœ ์—ฐ๋ฝํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
โ‘ก ๋๋‚  ๋Œ€๋กœ ์—ฐ๋ฝํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
Answer
โ‘  ๋๋‚˜๋Š” ๋Œ€๋กœ ์—ฐ๋ฝํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
F. ํ•  ๋Œ€๋กœ ํ–ˆ์–ด์š” means:
Answer
I did everything I could / I did all that could be done.
G. ์ฐธ์„ ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ฐธ์•˜์–ด์š” means:
Answer
I endured as much as I could.
H. ๋ง๊ฐ€์งˆ ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋ง๊ฐ€์กŒ์–ด์š” means:
Answer
It is completely broken / broken to the limit.
I. Choose the natural intense-degree phrase:
โ‘  ๋‚ก์„ ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋‚ก์•˜์–ด์š”
โ‘ก ๋‚ก๋Š” ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋‚ก์•˜์–ด์š”
Answer
โ‘  ๋‚ก์„ ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋‚ก์•˜์–ด์š”.
J. When should you use -(์œผ)ใ„น ๋Œ€๋กœ?
Answer
Use it when an action, state, feeling, or condition has reached its maximum or limit.
๐Ÿ›ก๏ธ
Final Check
  • ์ง€์น˜๋‹ค โ†’ ์ง€์น  ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ง€์น˜๋‹ค
  • ์ฐธ๋‹ค โ†’ ์ฐธ์„ ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ฐธ๋‹ค
  • ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋‹ค โ†’ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆด ๋Œ€๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋‹ค
  • ๋‚ก๋‹ค โ†’ ๋‚ก์„ ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋‚ก๋‹ค
  • ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜๋‹ค โ†’ ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋‚  ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋‚˜๋‹ค
  • ๋งŒ๋“ค๋‹ค โ†’ ๋งŒ๋“ค ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค๋‹ค
Final Boss Rule ๐Ÿ’ก -(์œผ)ใ„น ๋Œ€๋กœ = limit/max degree. -๋Š” ๋Œ€๋กœ = as soon as/according to.
ย 
๐ŸŽ‰ Max-degree grammar unlocked. Now you can express โ€œto the limitโ€ naturally: ์ง€์น  ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ง€์ณค์–ด์š”, ์ฐธ์„ ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ฐธ์•˜์–ด์š”, ํ•  ๋Œ€๋กœ ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”, and ๋ง๊ฐ€์งˆ ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋ง๊ฐ€์กŒ์–ด์š”. ๐Ÿ”ฅโœจ