TL;DR ๐ฆ
- ๐ -(์ผ)ใด/๋ ํ means as long as / so long as / insofar as.
- ๐งฑ It sets a condition or boundary that keeps the second clause true: ๋ค๊ฐ ๋ ธ๋ ฅํ๋ ํ ๊ฐ๋ฅ์ฑ์ด ์์ด์. = As long as you keep trying, there is a possibility.
- โ ๏ธ It often appears with strong, rule-like results: -ใน ์ ์๋ค, -์/์ด์ผ ํ๋ค, ๊ณ์๋๋ค, ๊ด์ฐฎ๋ค, ๊ฐ๋ฅํ๋ค.
๐ง Iru Helper Note โ Open Korean Helper Widgets and listen to ๋
ธ๋ ฅํ๋ ํ, ๊ฐ๋ฅํ ํ, ์ด์ ์๋ ํ, and ๋ฌธ์ ๊ฐ ์๋ ํ. The rhythm feels like โwithin this condition, the result stays true.โ ๐ง
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๐ The Big Picture
-(์ผ)ใด/๋ ํ is the grammar of condition boundary.
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It says:
โAs long as A is true / continues, B is true.โ
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Examples:
- ๋ค๊ฐ ๋ ธ๋ ฅํ๋ ํ ๊ธฐํ๋ ์์ด์.
[ne-ga no-ryeo-ka-neun han gi-hoe-neun i-sseo-yo]
As long as you keep trying, there is a chance. ๐ฑ
- ๋ฌธ์ ๊ฐ ์๋ ํ ๊ณํ๋๋ก ์งํํ๊ฒ ์ต๋๋ค.
[mun-je-ga eom-neun han gye-hoek-dae-ro jin-haeng-ha-get-seum-ni-da]
As long as there are no problems, we will proceed as planned. ๐
- ๊ฐ๋ฅํ ํ ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ์ฐ๋ฝํด ์ฃผ์ธ์.
[ga-neung-han han ppal-li yeol-la-kae ju-se-yo]
Please contact me as soon as possible / as quickly as possible. ๐ฑ
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Think of ํ here as a limit/range: โwithin the limit that this condition is true.โ The second clause depends on that boundary. ๐
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๐จ The Core โAs Long Asโ Family
1. Action verb + ๋ ํ
Use this when an action, habit, or continuing situation is the condition.
- ๋ ธ๋ ฅํ๋ค โ ๋ ธ๋ ฅํ๋ ํ = as long as someone tries
- ๊ธฐ๋ค๋ฆฌ๋ค โ ๊ธฐ๋ค๋ฆฌ๋ ํ = as long as someone waits
- ๊ณ์ํ๋ค โ ๊ณ์ํ๋ ํ = as long as someone continues
- ๊ท์น์ ์งํค๋ค โ ๊ท์น์ ์งํค๋ ํ = as long as someone follows the rules
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2. Descriptive verb/adjective + -(์ผ)ใด ํ
Use this when a state is the condition.
- ๊ฐ๋ฅํ๋ค โ ๊ฐ๋ฅํ ํ = as much/as soon/as far as possible
- ํ์ํ๋ค โ ํ์ํ ํ = as long as it is necessary
- ์์ ํ๋ค โ ์์ ํ ํ = as long as it is safe
- ๋ฌธ์ ๊ฐ ์๋ค โ ๋ฌธ์ ๊ฐ ์๋ ํ = as long as there is no problem / unless there is a problem
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3. Noun + ์ธ ํ
Use this when identity/status is the condition.
- ํ์์ธ ํ = as long as someone is a student
- ํ์์ธ ํ = as long as someone is a team member
- ๋ถ๋ชจ์ธ ํ = as long as someone is a parent
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4. Common fixed phrase: ๊ฐ๋ฅํ ํ
This is extremely useful and means as much/as far/as soon as possible depending on the next word.
- ๊ฐ๋ฅํ ํ ๋นจ๋ฆฌ = as soon/quickly as possible
- ๊ฐ๋ฅํ ํ ๋ง์ด = as much/many as possible
- ๊ฐ๋ฅํ ํ ์กฐ์ฉํ = as quietly as possible
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๐ ๏ธ How It Works in Sentences
1. Continuing condition
- ๋ค๊ฐ ํฌ๊ธฐํ์ง ์๋ ํ ์์ง ๊ธฐํ๊ฐ ์์ด์.
[ne-ga po-gi-ha-ji an-neun han a-jik gi-hoe-ga i-sseo-yo]
As long as you donโt give up, there is still a chance. ๐ช
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2. Negative condition / โunlessโ feeling
- ํน๋ณํ ๋ฌธ์ ๊ฐ ์๋ ํ ํ์๋ ์์ ๋๋ก ์งํ๋ฉ๋๋ค.
[teuk-byeol-han mun-je-ga eom-neun han hoe-ui-neun ye-jeong-dae-ro jin-haeng-doem-ni-da]
As long as there is no special problem, the meeting will proceed as scheduled. ๐
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Because the condition is negative, English often uses unless: โUnless there is a special problem...โ
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3. Maximum effort/range
- ๊ฐ๋ฅํ ํ ์์ธํ ์ค๋ช ํด ์ฃผ์ธ์.
[ga-neung-han han ja-se-hi seol-myeong-hae ju-se-yo]
Please explain in as much detail as possible. ๐
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๐งฉ General Formation Rule
Put a noun-modifying clause before ํ.
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Action verbs โ ๋ ํ
- ๊ฐ๋ค โ ๊ฐ๋ ํ
- ์ด๋ค โ ์ฌ๋ ํ
- ๋ ธ๋ ฅํ๋ค โ ๋ ธ๋ ฅํ๋ ํ
- ๊ณ์ํ๋ค โ ๊ณ์ํ๋ ํ
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Descriptive verbs/adjectives โ -(์ผ)ใด ํ
- ๊ฐ๋ฅํ๋ค โ ๊ฐ๋ฅํ ํ
- ์์ ํ๋ค โ ์์ ํ ํ
- ํ์ํ๋ค โ ํ์ํ ํ
- ์๋ค โ ์๋ ํ
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Nouns โ ์ธ ํ
- ํ์ โ ํ์์ธ ํ
- ํ์ โ ํ์์ธ ํ
- ์ฌ์ค โ ์ฌ์ค์ธ ํ
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๐จ Exception Rule(s)
- ์๋ค/์๋ค usually use ๋ ํ:
- ์ด์ ์๋ค โ ์ด์ ์๋ ํ = as long as someone is alive
- ๋ฌธ์ ๊ฐ ์๋ค โ ๋ฌธ์ ๊ฐ ์๋ ํ = as long as there is no problem
- ใน-ending descriptive verbs drop ใน before ใด:
- ๋ฉ๋ค โ ๋จผ ํ is grammatically possible but uncommon; often rephrase.
- More common: ๊ฐ๋ฅํ ํ, ํ์ํ ํ, ์์ ํ ํ.
- Do not confuse ํ here with the number โoneโ or the emotion/cultural word ํ.
- This pattern often sounds formal or rule-like. For casual โif,โ use -(์ผ)๋ฉด.
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๐ Cross-check note
This lesson connects with Conditional If: (์ผ)๋ฉด, Since/Now that: -(์ผ)ใด/๋ ์ด์, Strong Condition: -(์ผ)๋ ค๋ฉด, and Supposing a specific case: -(์ผ)ใด/๋ ๊ฒฝ์ฐ๋ฅผ ๋๋นํด์. The key idea of -(์ผ)ใด/๋ ํ is that a result remains true inside the boundary of a condition.
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๐ช Synonym Alert
- -(์ผ)๋ฉด = if/when; general condition.
- ๋น๊ฐ ์ค๋ฉด ๊ฐ์ง ์์ ๊ฑฐ์์. = If it rains, I wonโt go.
- -(์ผ)ใด/๋ ํ = as long as; condition boundary.
- ๋น๊ฐ ์ค์ง ์๋ ํ ๊ฐ ๊ฑฐ์์. = As long as it doesnโt rain / unless it rains, Iโll go.
- -(์ผ)ใด/๋ ์ด์ = since / now that / given that; accepted fact leads to obligation/result.
- ์์ํ ์ด์ ๋๊น์ง ํด์ผ ํด์. = Now that you started, you must finish.
- ๋์ = during/while; time duration, not necessarily condition.
- ๊ธฐ๋ค๋ฆฌ๋ ๋์ ์ฑ ์ ์ฝ์์ด์. = While waiting, I read a book.
- ๊ฐ๋ฅํ ํ = as much/as soon/as far as possible.
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โ ๏ธ Pitfalls to Dodge
- โ ๋ ธ๋ ฅํ ํ for โas long as you tryโ โ โ ๋ ธ๋ ฅํ๋ ํ.
- โ ๊ฐ๋ฅํ๋ ํ โ โ ๊ฐ๋ฅํ ํ.
- โ ํ์ ํ โ โ ํ์์ธ ํ.
- โ Using ๋์ when you mean a condition โ โ Use -(์ผ)ใด/๋ ํ when the second clause depends on the condition.
- โ ๏ธ Negative forms like ์๋ ํ, ํ์ง ์๋ ํ often translate naturally as unless.
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๐ Bottom line: -(์ผ)ใด/๋ ํ sets the condition boundary. If the condition stays true, the result stays true.
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Try this exercise
Instructions
Complete each sentence with the correct -(์ผ)ใด/๋ ํ form. Then decide whether the English sounds like โas long asโ or โunless.โ
1. ๋
ธ๋ ฅํ๋ค โ ๋ค๊ฐ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ๊ฐ๋ฅ์ฑ์ด ์์ด์.
[no-ryeo-ka-da โ ne-ga ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ga-neung-seong-i i-sseo-yo]
As long as you keep trying, there is a possibility.
Answer
๋
ธ๋ ฅํ๋ ํ.
2. ํฌ๊ธฐํ์ง ์๋ค โ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ์์ง ๊ธฐํ๊ฐ ์์ด์.
[po-gi-ha-ji an-ta โ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ a-jik gi-hoe-ga i-sseo-yo]
As long as you donโt give up, there is still a chance.
Answer
ํฌ๊ธฐํ์ง ์๋ ํ.
3. ๋ฌธ์ ๊ฐ ์๋ค โ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ๊ณํ๋๋ก ์งํํ๊ฒ ์ต๋๋ค.
[mun-je-ga eop-da โ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ gye-hoek-dae-ro jin-haeng-ha-get-seum-ni-da]
As long as there is no problem, we will proceed as planned.
Answer
๋ฌธ์ ๊ฐ ์๋ ํ.
4. ๊ฐ๋ฅํ๋ค โ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ์ฐ๋ฝํด ์ฃผ์ธ์.
[ga-neung-ha-da โ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ppal-li yeol-la-kae ju-se-yo]
Please contact me as quickly as possible.
Answer
๊ฐ๋ฅํ ํ.
5. ๊ท์น์ ์งํค๋ค โ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ์ด์ฉํ ์ ์์ด์.
[gyu-chi-geul ji-ki-da โ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ i-yong-hal su i-sseo-yo]
As long as you follow the rules, you can use it.
Answer
๊ท์น์ ์งํค๋ ํ.
6. ํ์ โ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ํ ์ธ๋ฐ์ ์ ์์ด์.
[hak-saeng โ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ha-rin-ba-deul su i-sseo-yo]
As long as you are a student, you can get a discount.
Answer
ํ์์ธ ํ.
7. ์ด์ ์๋ค โ ์ ๊ฐ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ๊ธฐ์ตํ ๊ฑฐ์์.
[sa-ra it-da โ je-ga ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ gi-eo-kal geo-ye-yo]
As long as I am alive, I will remember.
Answer
์ด์ ์๋ ํ.
8. ์์ ํ๋ค โ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ๊ณ์ ์งํํด๋ ๋ฉ๋๋ค.
[an-jeon-ha-da โ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ gye-sok jin-haeng-hae-do doem-ni-da]
As long as it is safe, you may continue.
Answer
์์ ํ ํ.
9. โ ๊ฐ๋ฅํ๋ ํ โ โ
๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ
Answer
๊ฐ๋ฅํ ํ.
10. Choose the natural โunlessโ meaning:
โ ํน๋ณํ ๋ฌธ์ ๊ฐ ์๋ ํ ์์ ๋๋ก ์งํ๋ฉ๋๋ค.
โก ํน๋ณํ ๋ฌธ์ ๊ฐ ๋์ ์์ ๋๋ก ์งํ๋ฉ๋๋ค.
Answer
โ ํน๋ณํ ๋ฌธ์ ๊ฐ ์๋ ํ ์์ ๋๋ก ์งํ๋ฉ๋๋ค. โ Unless there is a special problem, it will proceed as scheduled.
Vocabulary Box
- ๊ฐ๋ฅ์ฑ [ga-neung-seong] โ possibility
- ํฌ๊ธฐํ๋ค [po-gi-ha-da] โ to give up
- ๊ธฐํ [gi-hoe] โ chance/opportunity
- ๊ณํ๋๋ก [gye-hoek-dae-ro] โ according to plan
- ์งํํ๋ค [jin-haeng-ha-da] โ to proceed
- ๊ท์น [gyu-chik] โ rule
- ์ด์ฉํ๋ค [i-yong-ha-da] โ to use
- ํ ์ธ๋ฐ๋ค [ha-rin-bat-da] โ to receive a discount
Tip ๐ก ์๋ ํ often becomes โunlessโ in English.
Want more reps? Keep going into the Practice Hub for a full as-long-as workout. ๐
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๐ฏ Practice Hub โ As long as: -(์ผ)ใด/๋ ํ
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Welcome to the condition-boundary gym. ๐๏ธ Youโll practice โas long as,โ โunless,โ and the very useful phrase ๊ฐ๋ฅํ ํ.
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๐ Audio reminder: Use Korean Helper Widgets whenever you want to hear a sentence aloud.
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๐ Instructions: Fill each blank with the correct -(์ผ)ใด/๋ ํ form.
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Exercise 1 โ Basic Form Builder ๐ง
A. ๋
ธ๋ ฅํ๋ค โ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ
Answer
๋
ธ๋ ฅํ๋ ํ.
B. ๊ธฐ๋ค๋ฆฌ๋ค โ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ
Answer
๊ธฐ๋ค๋ฆฌ๋ ํ.
C. ๊ณ์ํ๋ค โ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ
Answer
๊ณ์ํ๋ ํ.
D. ์ด๋ค โ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ
Answer
์ฌ๋ ํ.
E. ํฌ๊ธฐํ์ง ์๋ค โ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ
Answer
ํฌ๊ธฐํ์ง ์๋ ํ.
F. ๋ฌธ์ ๊ฐ ์๋ค โ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ
Answer
๋ฌธ์ ๊ฐ ์๋ ํ.
G. ๊ฐ๋ฅํ๋ค โ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ
Answer
๊ฐ๋ฅํ ํ.
H. ํ์ํ๋ค โ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ
Answer
ํ์ํ ํ.
I. ํ์ โ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ
Answer
ํ์์ธ ํ.
J. ์ฌ์ค โ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ
Answer
์ฌ์ค์ธ ํ.
Form Box
- Action verb โ ๋ ํ
- Adjective/descriptive verb โ -(์ผ)ใด ํ
- Noun โ ์ธ ํ
- ์๋ค/์๋ค โ ์๋ ํ / ์๋ ํ
Tip ๐ก This is the same โdescribe a nounโ logic: the clause describes ํ.
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Exercise 2 โ As Long As the Condition Holds ๐ฑ
A. ๋ค๊ฐ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ๊ฐ๋ฅ์ฑ์ด ์์ด์. (๋
ธ๋ ฅํ๋ค)
Answer
๋
ธ๋ ฅํ๋ ํ.
B. ์ฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ ํจ๊ป ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ํด๊ฒฐํ ์ ์์ด์. (์ผํ๋ค)
Answer
์ผํ๋ ํ.
C. ๊ท์น์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ์ด์ฉํ ์ ์์ด์. (์งํค๋ค)
Answer
์งํค๋ ํ.
D. ๋ค๊ฐ ๊ณ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ์ค๋ ฅ์ด ๋ ๊ฑฐ์์. (์ฐ์ตํ๋ค)
Answer
์ฐ์ตํ๋ ํ.
E. ์ฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ ์๋ก ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ํ์ ๊ฐํด์ง ๊ฑฐ์์. (๋ฏฟ๋ค)
Answer
๋ฏฟ๋ ํ.
F. ์ด ์ฝ์์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ์ ๋ขฐ๋ ์ ์ง๋ ๊ฑฐ์์. (์งํค๋ค)
Answer
์งํค๋ ํ.
G. ํ์๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ๋์๊ด์ ๋ฌด๋ฃ๋ก ์ด์ฉํ ์ ์์ด์.
Answer
ํ์์ธ ํ.
H. ์ ๊ฐ ์ด์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ์ด ์ผ์ ์์ง ์์ ๊ฑฐ์์.
Answer
์๋ ํ โ ์ด์ ์๋ ํ.
I. ์ธํฐ๋ท์ด ์ฐ๊ฒฐ๋์ด ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ์ฑ์ ์ฌ์ฉํ ์ ์์ด์.
Answer
์๋ ํ โ ์ฐ๊ฒฐ๋์ด ์๋ ํ.
J. ์ํฉ์ด ์์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ๊ณ์ ์งํํ๊ฒ ์ต๋๋ค.
Answer
์์ ํ ํ.
Vocabulary Box
- ํด๊ฒฐํ๋ค โ to solve
- ๊ท์น์ ์งํค๋ค โ to follow rules
- ์ฐ์ตํ๋ค โ to practice
- ๋ฏฟ๋ค โ to trust
- ์ ๋ขฐ โ trust
- ์ ์ง๋๋ค โ to be maintained
- ๋ฌด๋ฃ๋ก โ for free
- ์ฐ๊ฒฐ๋๋ค โ to be connected
Tip ๐ก The second clause usually stays true while the first condition stays true.
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Exercise 3 โ Negative Conditions and โUnlessโ ๐ช
A. ํน๋ณํ ๋ฌธ์ ๊ฐ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ์์ ๋๋ก ์งํ๋ฉ๋๋ค. (์๋ค)
Answer
์๋ ํ โ Unless there is a special problem.
B. ๋ค๊ฐ ํฌ๊ธฐํ์ง ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ์์ง ๋ฆ์ง ์์์ด์.
Answer
์๋ ํ โ ํฌ๊ธฐํ์ง ์๋ ํ.
C. ๋น๊ฐ ์ค์ง ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ํ์ฌ๋ ๋ฐ์์ ์ด๋ฆฝ๋๋ค.
Answer
์๋ ํ โ Unless it rains.
D. ํ๋ฝ์ ๋ฐ์ง ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ๋ค์ด๊ฐ ์ ์์ด์.
Answer
์๋ ํ โ Unless you get permission.
E. ๋น๋ฐ๋ฒํธ๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ์ ์ํ ์ ์์ด์.
Answer
ํ โ ๋น๋ฐ๋ฒํธ๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋ ํ = as long as you donโt know the password.
F. ์ํฉ์ด ๋ฐ๋์ง ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ๊ฒฐ์ ์ ๊ทธ๋๋ก์์.
Answer
์๋ ํ.
G. ์ถ๊ฐ ์์ฒญ์ด ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ์ด๋๋ก ์ ์ถํ๊ฒ ์ต๋๋ค. (์๋ค)
Answer
์๋ ํ.
H. ๋ชธ์ด ์ํ์ง ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ๋งค์ผ ์ด๋ํ ๊ฑฐ์์.
Answer
์๋ ํ.
I. ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ๋ฏฟ๊ธฐ ์ด๋ ค์์. (์๋ค)
Answer
์๋ ํ.
J. ๋ค๊ฐ ๋งํ์ง ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ์๋ฌด๋ ๋ชจ๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ์์.
Answer
์๋ ํ โ Unless you say it, no one will know.
Unless Box
- ์๋ ํ โ unless there is / as long as there is no...
- ํ์ง ์๋ ํ โ unless someone does...
- ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋ ํ โ as long as someone does not know...
Tip ๐ก If English starts with โunless,โ Korean often uses a negative condition + ํ.
ย
Exercise 4 โ ๊ฐ๋ฅํ ํ and Related Phrases โก
A. ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋ต์ฅํด ์ฃผ์ธ์.
Answer
๊ฐ๋ฅํ ํ โ as quickly/as soon as possible.
B. ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ๋ง์ด ์ฐ์ตํ์ธ์.
Answer
๊ฐ๋ฅํ ํ โ as much as possible.
C. ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ์กฐ์ฉํ ๋งํด ์ฃผ์ธ์.
Answer
๊ฐ๋ฅํ ํ โ as quietly as possible.
D. ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ์์ธํ ์ค๋ช
ํด ์ฃผ์ธ์.
Answer
๊ฐ๋ฅํ ํ โ in as much detail as possible.
E. ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ์งง๊ฒ ์จ ์ฃผ์ธ์.
Answer
๊ฐ๋ฅํ ํ โ as briefly as possible.
F. ํ์๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ๊ณ์ ์ง์ํ๊ฒ ์ต๋๋ค.
Answer
ํ์ํ ํ โ as long as it is necessary.
G. ์์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ์คํ์ ๊ณ์ํด๋ ๋ฉ๋๋ค.
Answer
์์ ํ ํ.
H. ํฉ๋ฒ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ๋ฌธ์ ์์ต๋๋ค.
Answer
ํฉ๋ฒ์ ์ธ ํ โ as long as it is legal.
I. ํ์ค์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ์ข์ ๊ณํ์ด์์.
Answer
ํ์ค์ ์ธ ํ โ as long as it is realistic.
J. ์ฌ์ค๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ์ธ์ ํด์ผ ํด์.
Answer
์ฌ์ค์ธ ํ โ as long as it is true / if it is a fact.
Vocabulary Box
- ๋ต์ฅํ๋ค โ to reply
- ์์ธํ โ in detail
- ์งง๊ฒ โ briefly
- ์ง์ํ๋ค โ to support
- ์คํ โ experiment
- ํฉ๋ฒ์ ์ด๋ค โ to be legal
- ํ์ค์ ์ด๋ค โ to be realistic
- ์ธ์ ํ๋ค โ to acknowledge/admit
Tip ๐ก ๊ฐ๋ฅํ ํ is a must-know phrase. Memorize it as one chunk.
ย
Exercise 5 โ Mixed Mastery + Pitfall Patrol ๐ก๏ธ
A. โ ๋
ธ๋ ฅํ ํ โ โ
๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ
Answer
๋
ธ๋ ฅํ๋ ํ.
B. โ ๊ฐ๋ฅํ๋ ํ โ โ
๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ
Answer
๊ฐ๋ฅํ ํ.
C. โ ํ์ ํ โ โ
๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ
Answer
ํ์์ธ ํ.
D. โ ๋ฌธ์ ๊ฐ ์์ ํ โ โ
๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ
Answer
๋ฌธ์ ๊ฐ ์๋ ํ.
E. โ ์ด์ ์์ ํ โ โ
๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ
Answer
์ด์ ์๋ ํ.
F. ๋ค๊ฐ ๋
ธ๋ ฅํ๋ ํ ๊ฐ๋ฅ์ฑ์ด ์์ด์. means:
Answer
As long as you keep trying, there is a possibility.
G. ํน๋ณํ ๋ฌธ์ ๊ฐ ์๋ ํ ์์ ๋๋ก ์งํ๋ฉ๋๋ค. means:
Answer
Unless there is a special problem / As long as there is no special problem, it will proceed as scheduled.
H. Choose the condition-boundary sentence:
โ ๊ธฐ๋ค๋ฆฌ๋ ํ ๊ธฐํ๊ฐ ์์ด์.
โก ๊ธฐ๋ค๋ฆฌ๋ ๋์ ์ฑ
์ ์ฝ์์ด์.
Answer
โ ๊ธฐ๋ค๋ฆฌ๋ ํ ๊ธฐํ๊ฐ ์์ด์. โ as long as you wait, there is a chance. โก is time duration.
I. Choose the natural โas soon as possibleโ phrase:
โ ๊ฐ๋ฅํ ํ ๋นจ๋ฆฌ
โก ๊ฐ๋ฅํ๋ ํ ๋นจ๋ฆฌ
Answer
โ ๊ฐ๋ฅํ ํ ๋นจ๋ฆฌ.
J. -(์ผ)ใด/๋ ํ is best when:
Answer
The second clause remains true within the boundary of the first condition.
Final Check
- ๋ ธ๋ ฅํ๋ค โ ๋ ธ๋ ฅํ๋ ํ
- ํฌ๊ธฐํ์ง ์๋ค โ ํฌ๊ธฐํ์ง ์๋ ํ
- ๋ฌธ์ ๊ฐ ์๋ค โ ๋ฌธ์ ๊ฐ ์๋ ํ
- ๊ฐ๋ฅํ๋ค โ ๊ฐ๋ฅํ ํ
- ํ์ โ ํ์์ธ ํ
Tip ๐ก Negative condition + ํ often translates as โunless.โ
ย
๐ You finished the -(์ผ)ใด/๋ ํ workout. Now you can set condition boundaries clearly: ๋
ธ๋ ฅํ๋ ํ, ๋ฌธ์ ๊ฐ ์๋ ํ, ๊ฐ๋ฅํ ํ ๋นจ๋ฆฌ, and ํ์์ธ ํ. ๐โจ