Vocab: Technical Glitches (Phone/PC)

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TL;DR 🦄

고장 = breakdown, malfunction (noun) 🔧

버벅거리다 = to lag, stutter, freeze up (verb) 🐢

재부팅 = reboot, restart (noun) 🔁

갑자기 = suddenly (adverb) ⚡

해결 = solution, resolution (noun) ✅

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🎧 Iru Helper Note

Want to hear these words pronounced naturally? Check out the <mention-page url="https://www.notion.so/349be37590c08068a178f6d92b8a4a18"> for audio support.

컴퓨터가 갑자기 버벅거리더니 고장이 났는데, 재부팅을 하니까 문제가 해결됐어요.

(The computer suddenly started lagging and then broke down, but after rebooting, the problem was resolved.)

🌈 The Big Picture

Every device eventually has a moment — the screen freezes, something suddenly stops working, and you're left wondering whether to panic or just restart it. This lesson covers 고장 (the breakdown itself), 버벅거리다 (the lagging/stuttering that often comes first), 재부팅 (the classic fix), 갑자기 (the suddenness of it all), and 해결 (the relief when it's fixed). Together, they cover the full arc of a tech mishap — from glitch to fix.

🎨 The Core Technical Glitch Family

1. 고장 — breakdown, malfunction 🔧

A noun for a device or machine ceasing to work properly.

컴퓨터가 고장 났어요. (The computer broke down.)

프린터가 자꾸 고장 나요. (The printer keeps breaking down.)

— Grammar note: 고장 pairs with 이/가 나다 (to break down, intransitive) — 고장 났어요 is the standard past-tense phrase.

2. 버벅거리다 — to lag, stutter, freeze up 🐢

A regular verb describing choppy, slow, or stuttering behavior — the device still runs, just poorly.

화면이 버벅거려요. (The screen is lagging.)

영상이 계속 버벅거렸어요. (The video kept buffering.)

— Grammar note: 버벅거리다 → 버벅거려요/버벅거렸어요/버벅거릴 거예요. Describes ongoing or repeated stuttering, not a full stop.

3. 재부팅 — reboot, restart 🔁

A noun for turning a device off and back on to fix an issue.

재부팅을 해 보세요. (Try rebooting.)

재부팅하면 해결될 수도 있어요. (Rebooting might resolve it.)

— Grammar note: 재부팅 + 하다 (재부팅하다) = "to reboot." Covers the full off-and-on cycle, unlike 종료 (just shutting down).

4. 갑자기 — suddenly ⚡

An adverb for something happening abruptly and unexpectedly.

갑자기 화면이 꺼졌어요. (The screen suddenly turned off.)

갑자기 와이파이가 끊겼어요. (The Wi-Fi suddenly disconnected.)

— Grammar note: 갑자기 is a fixed adverb — placed before the verb it modifies, emphasizing the shock of the moment.

5. 해결 — solution, resolution ✅

A noun for solving or resolving a problem.

문제가 해결됐어요. (The problem was resolved.)

문제를 해결했어요. (I solved the problem.)

— Grammar note: 해결하다 (active: to solve) / 해결되다 (passive: to be resolved).

🛠️ How They Work in a Sentence

컴퓨터가 갑자기 버벅거리더니 고장이 났는데, 재부팅을 하니까 문제가 해결됐어요. (The computer suddenly started lagging and then broke down, but after rebooting, the problem was resolved.) 🔧

— 갑자기 버벅거리더니 고장이 났는데 (it suddenly started lagging and then broke down, but) + 재부팅을 하니까 문제가 해결됐어요 (since I rebooted, the problem was resolved).

휴대폰이 갑자기 고장 나서 화면이 버벅거렸지만, 재부팅했더니 바로 해결됐어요. (My phone suddenly broke and the screen was lagging, but after rebooting, it was resolved right away.) 🐢

— 휴대폰이 갑자기 고장 나서 화면이 버벅거렸지만 (my phone suddenly broke and the screen was lagging, but) + 재부팅했더니 바로 해결됐어요 (once I rebooted, it was resolved right away).

프로그램이 버벅거릴 때는 재부팅을 해보세요. 갑자기 고장 난 것처럼 보여도 보통 그렇게 해결돼요. (When the program lags, try rebooting. Even if it suddenly seems broken, it's usually resolved that way.) ✅

— 프로그램이 버벅거릴 때는 재부팅을 해보세요 (when the program lags, try rebooting) + 갑자기 고장 난 것처럼 보여도 보통 그렇게 해결돼요 (even if it suddenly seems broken, it's usually resolved that way).

🧩 General Formation Rule

고장 (noun): 고장이 나다 (to break down), 고장 났어요

버벅거리다 (regular verb): 버벅거려요/버벅거렸어요/버벅거릴 거예요

재부팅 (noun+하다): 재부팅하다/재부팅을 하다

갑자기 (fixed adverb): placed before the verb

해결 (noun): 해결하다 (active)/해결되다 (passive)

📚 Cross-check note

All vocabulary cross-checked against korean.go.kr ✅

🪞 Synonym Alert

고장 vs 오류 — 고장 is a breakdown or malfunction of a device, usually hardware-level, where the thing stops working; 오류 is an error, often software-level, a mistake in operation or code while the device still runs.

버벅거리다 vs 멈추다 — 버벅거리다 means to lag or stutter, slow and choppy but still somewhat functioning; 멈추다 means to stop completely, halting entirely.

재부팅 vs 종료 — 재부팅 means to restart, turning a device off and back on; 종료 means to shut down or close, without necessarily turning it back on.

갑자기 vs 어느새 — 갑자기 describes something happening abruptly, at a specific noticeable moment; 어느새 describes a gradual change that becomes noticeable only later, "before you know it."

해결 vs 수리 — 해결 means resolution, solving a problem in general (often software or situational); 수리 means repair, fixing a physical device.

⚠️ Pitfalls to Dodge

❌ 고장이에요 used for a software glitch where the device still partly works → ✅ 버벅거려요/오류가 나요 — 고장 implies the device has stopped working entirely; for lag or glitches, use 버벅거리다.

❌ 멈췄어요 used to describe a slow, choppy interface → ✅ 버벅거려요 — 멈추다 means it completely stopped; 버벅거리다 describes lagging or stuttering while still running.

❌ 종료하면 해결될 거예요 when you mean turning it back on too → ✅ 재부팅하면 해결될 거예요 — 종료 only means shutting down or closing; 재부팅 covers the full off-and-on cycle.

❌ 어느새 꺼졌어요 used for an abrupt, noticeable shutdown → ✅ 갑자기 꺼졌어요 — 갑자기 emphasizes the suddenness or shock of the moment; 어느새 implies something crept up unnoticed.

❌ 문제를 수리했어요 used for a software issue → ✅ 문제를 해결했어요 — 수리 is for physical repairs; 해결 covers solving problems in general, including software.

갑자기 고장 나거나 버벅거려도 당황하지 마세요 — 재부팅 한 번이면 대부분 해결돼요! 🔧🔁✨

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Try this exercise

Fill in each blank with the correct form of 고장, 버벅거리다, 재부팅, 갑자기, or 해결. Each word is used twice.

컴퓨터가 ＿＿＿＿ 나서 켜지지 않아요. (The computer broke down, so it won't turn on.)

Answer

고장이

인터넷이 느려서 화면이 자꾸 ＿＿＿＿어요. (The internet is slow, so the screen keeps lagging.)

Answer

버벅거렸

휴대폰을 ＿＿＿＿하면 문제가 해결될 수도 있어요. (If you reboot your phone, the problem might be resolved.)

Answer

재부팅

프로그램이 ＿＿＿＿ 꺼졌어요. (The program suddenly shut off.)

Answer

갑자기

다행히 문제가 빨리 ＿＿＿＿됐어요. (Fortunately, the problem was resolved quickly.)

Answer

해결

노트북 화면이 ＿＿＿＿ 나서 수리를 맡겼어요. (The laptop screen broke down, so I sent it for repair.)

Answer

고장이

앱이 너무 ＿＿＿＿려서 짜증이 났어요. (The app was lagging so much that it was annoying.)

Answer

버벅거

컴퓨터를 ＿＿＿＿했더니 정상으로 돌아왔어요. (After rebooting the computer, it went back to normal.)

Answer

재부팅

화면이 ＿＿＿＿ 까매졌어요. (The screen suddenly went black.)

Answer

갑자기

기술팀이 문제를 빠르게 ＿＿＿＿해 줬어요. (The tech team resolved the problem quickly.)

Answer

해결

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Vocabulary Box

고장 = breakdown, malfunction

버벅거리다 = to lag, stutter

재부팅 = reboot, restart

갑자기 = suddenly

해결 = solution, resolution

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Pitfalls reminder

고장 (stopped) vs 버벅거리다 (lagging)

멈추다 (full stop) vs 버벅거리다 (stutter)

재부팅 (restart) vs 종료 (shut down)

갑자기 (sudden) vs 어느새 (unnoticed)

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Want more reps? Head down to the Practice Hub below for 50 more questions across 5 themed exercises! 🎉

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Practice Hub: Technical Glitches (Phone/PC)

Ready to really lock these in? Here are 50 questions across 5 exercises, building from word recall to full sentences. 🎧 Listen and repeat each sentence out loud as you go — hearing AND saying these patterns is what makes them stick!

Exercise 1 — Word Recall: 고장 & 버벅거리다 🔧🐢

A. "My phone is broken."

Answer

휴대폰이 고장 났어요.

B. "The washing machine broke down."

Answer

세탁기가 고장 났어요.

C. "The printer keeps breaking down."

Answer

프린터가 자꾸 고장 나요.

D. "I think the AC is broken."

Answer

에어컨이 고장 난 것 같아요.

E. "The computer is lagging a lot today."

Answer

오늘 컴퓨터가 많이 버벅거려요.

F. "The video kept buffering/lagging."

Answer

영상이 계속 버벅거렸어요.

G. "Why is this app lagging so much?"

Answer

이 앱이 왜 이렇게 버벅거려요?

H. "The screen lagged for a moment."

Answer

화면이 잠깐 버벅거렸어요.

I. "If too many programs are open, it lags."

Answer

프로그램을 너무 많이 열면 버벅거려요.

J. "My old laptop lags a lot these days."

Answer

오래된 노트북이 요즘 많이 버벅거려요.

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Quick Reference

고장 나다 = "to break down"

고장 났어요 = "it broke down"

버벅거리다 = "to lag/stutter"

자꾸/계속 + 버벅거리다 = "keeps lagging"

Exercise 2 — Word Recall: 재부팅, 갑자기 & 해결 🔁⚡✅

A. "Try rebooting your computer."

Answer

컴퓨터를 재부팅해 보세요.

B. "After rebooting my phone, it got better."

Answer

휴대폰을 재부팅하니 좋아졌어요.

C. "Rebooting often solves the problem."

Answer

재부팅하면 문제가 해결되는 경우가 많아요.

D. "Suddenly the screen turned off."

Answer

갑자기 화면이 꺼졌어요.

E. "The Wi-Fi suddenly disconnected."

Answer

와이파이가 갑자기 끊겼어요.

F. "He suddenly started laughing."

Answer

그는 갑자기 웃기 시작했어요.

G. "The issue was resolved quickly."

Answer

문제가 빨리 해결됐어요.

H. "I hope this gets resolved soon."

Answer

이게 빨리 해결되면 좋겠어요.

I. "We need to find a way to solve this."

Answer

이걸 해결할 방법을 찾아야 해요.

J. "Customer service helped resolve my issue."

Answer

고객 센터가 제 문제를 해결해 줬어요.

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Quick Reference

재부팅하다 = "to reboot"

갑자기 + verb = "suddenly"

해결되다 = passive "to be resolved"

해결하다 = active "to solve"

Exercise 3 — Conjugation Practice: 고장 나다/버벅거리다 & 해결되다 🔄

A. 어제 세탁기가 ＿＿＿＿. (Yesterday the washing machine broke down. — past)

Answer

고장 났어요

B. 노트북이 또 ＿＿＿＿ 것 같아요. (It seems like the laptop is broken again.)

Answer

고장 난

C. 자주 ＿＿＿＿면 새로 사야 해요. (If it keeps breaking down, you need to buy a new one.)

Answer

고장 나

D. 인터넷이 느려서 화면이 ＿＿＿＿. (The internet is slow, so the screen is lagging. — present)

Answer

버벅거려요

E. 어제 게임이 계속 ＿＿＿＿. (Yesterday the game kept lagging. — past)

Answer

버벅거렸어요

F. 프로그램을 많이 켜 두면 ＿＿＿＿ 거예요. (If you keep many programs open, it will lag.)

Answer

버벅거릴

G. 다행히 문제가 빨리 ＿＿＿＿. (Fortunately, the problem was resolved quickly. — past)

Answer

해결됐어요

H. 이 문제는 곧 ＿＿＿＿ 거예요. (This problem will be resolved soon.)

Answer

해결될

I. 기술팀이 문제를 ＿＿＿＿. (The tech team resolved the problem. — past, active)

Answer

해결했어요

J. 재부팅을 하면 ＿＿＿＿ 수도 있어요. (If you reboot, it might get resolved.)

Answer

해결될

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Quick Reference

고장 나다: 고장 나요/났어요/난

버벅거리다: 버벅거려요/버벅거렸어요/버벅거릴

해결되다: 해결돼요/됐어요/될

해결하다: 해결해요/했어요

Exercise 4 — Pattern Practice: 고장 vs 오류 & 재부팅 vs 종료 🔧🔁

A. "The printer is broken, so it won't print at all."

Answer

프린터가 고장 나서 아예 인쇄가 안 돼요.

B. "An error occurred while saving the file."

Answer

파일을 저장하는 중에 오류가 발생했어요.

C. "The refrigerator broke down and stopped cooling."

Answer

냉장고가 고장 나서 냉각이 안 돼요.

D. "There seems to be an error in the program code."

Answer

프로그램 코드에 오류가 있는 것 같아요.

E. "Please reboot the system to apply the update."

Answer

업데이트를 적용하려면 시스템을 재부팅해 주세요.

F. "I shut down the computer and went home."

Answer

컴퓨터를 종료하고 집에 갔어요.

G. "After rebooting, all the settings went back to default."

Answer

재부팅한 후에 모든 설정이 기본값으로 돌아갔어요.

H. "Please close all programs before shutting down."

Answer

종료하기 전에 모든 프로그램을 닫아 주세요.

I. "This error keeps appearing no matter what I do."

Answer

무엇을 해도 이 오류가 계속 나타나요.

J. "If the device is broken, you'll need a repair, not just a reboot."

Answer

기기가 고장 났다면 재부팅이 아니라 수리가 필요해요.

📚

Quick Reference

고장 = device-level breakdown

오류 = software-level error

재부팅 = restart (off and on)

종료 = shut down/close

Exercise 5 — Mixed Mastery: My Computer Crashed! 🔧💻

A. "My computer suddenly broke down while I was working."

Answer

일하는 도중에 컴퓨터가 갑자기 고장 났어요.

B. "The screen kept lagging and then went completely black."

Answer

화면이 계속 버벅거리다가 완전히 까매졌어요.

C. "I tried rebooting several times, but it didn't get resolved."

Answer

여러 번 재부팅해 봤지만 해결되지 않았어요.

D. "In the end, the tech team came and fixed the problem."

Answer

결국 기술팀이 와서 문제를 해결해 줬어요.

E. "If your phone suddenly lags, try rebooting it first."

Answer

휴대폰이 갑자기 버벅거리면 먼저 재부팅해 보세요.

F. "The program suddenly stopped working and showed an error."

Answer

프로그램이 갑자기 작동을 멈추고 오류를 보여줬어요.

G. "After rebooting, the lagging issue was completely resolved."

Answer

재부팅 후에 버벅거리는 문제가 완전히 해결됐어요.

H. "My laptop broke down again, so I had to send it for repair."

Answer

노트북이 또 고장 나서 수리를 맡겨야 했어요.

I. "Even though it suddenly froze, rebooting solved everything."

Answer

갑자기 멈췄지만 재부팅으로 모든 게 해결됐어요.

J. "Whenever something breaks down or lags, rebooting is usually the first solution."

Answer

뭔가 고장 나거나 버벅거릴 때는 재부팅이 보통 첫 번째 해결책이에요.

📚

Quick Reference

갑자기 고장 나다 = "to suddenly break down"

버벅거리다가 = "lagging, and then..."

재부팅으로 해결되다 = "resolved by rebooting"

해결책 = "solution"

갑자기 고장 나도, 버벅거려도 — 재부팅 한 번이면 보통 다 해결돼요! 🔧🔁✨