TL;DR π¦
- λͺ μ = meditation (noun + νλ€) π§
- μ°¨λΆνλ€ = to be calm (regular νλ€ adjective) πΏ
- μ§μ€ = concentration (noun + νλ€) π―
- μ¨μ ν = wholly, completely, fully (adverb) π
- λΉμ°λ€ = to empty (transitive verb) π¬οΈ
π§ Iru Helper Note
Want to hear these words pronounced naturally? Check out the <mention-page url="https://www.notion.so/349be37590c08068a178f6d92b8a4a18"> for audio support.
μμΉ¨μ λͺ
μμ νλ©΄ λ§μμ΄ μ°¨λΆν΄μ§κ³ , λ¨Έλ¦Ώμμ λΉμ°λ©΄ μ¨μ ν μ§μ€ν μ μμ΄μ.
(If you meditate in the morning, your mind becomes calm, and if you empty your head, you can concentrate fully.)
Β
π The Big Picture
Some of the most powerful moments of the day are the quietest ones. This lesson is about starting the morning with stillness β sitting down for λͺ
μ, letting your mind become μ°¨λΆνλ€, emptying out the noise (λΉμ°λ€) so you can give your μ§μ€ fully (μ¨μ ν) to whatever comes next. These five words capture both the practice of meditation and the calm clarity it brings.
π¨ The Core Morning Stillness Family
1. λͺ
μ β meditation π§
A noun (often + νλ€) for the practice of sitting quietly and focusing the mind, often through breathing.
- μμΉ¨μ λͺ μμ ν΄μ. (I meditate in the morning.)
- λͺ μ μκ° (meditation time)
β Grammar note: λͺ
μ + νλ€ = λͺ
μνλ€ (to meditate); also pairs with μμ
(λͺ
μ μμ
, meditation music) and μκ° (meditation time).
2. μ°¨λΆνλ€ β to be calm πΏ
A regular νλ€ adjective describing an inner state of calmness β steady, unhurried, composed.
- λ§μμ΄ μ°¨λΆν΄μ. (My mind is calm.)
- μ°¨λΆν μμΉ¨ (a calm morning)
β Grammar note: μ°¨λΆνλ€ β μ°¨λΆν΄μ/μ°¨λΆνμ΄μ/μ°¨λΆν + noun. μ°¨λΆν΄μ§λ€ = "to become calm" (a change of state).
3. μ§μ€ β concentration π―
A noun (often + νλ€) for focused attention on a task or thought.
- μ§μ€ν΄μ. (I'm concentrating.)
- μ§μ€μ΄ μ λΌμ. (I can't concentrate.)
β Grammar note: μ§μ€ + νλ€ = μ§μ€νλ€ (to concentrate, active); μ§μ€μ΄ λλ€ = "to become focused" (more passive, often used for ability/difficulty).
4. μ¨μ ν β wholly, completely, fully π
An adverb from μ¨μ νλ€ (whole, intact) β describes something done fully, with nothing held back or missing.
- μ¨μ ν μ§μ€νλ€ (to fully concentrate)
- μ¨μ ν λλ₯Ό μν μκ° (time entirely for myself)
β Grammar note: μ¨μ νλ€ β μ¨μ ν (irregular adverb form, -ν not -μ΄). Placed before the verb it modifies.
5. λΉμ°λ€ β to empty π¬οΈ
A regular transitive verb for clearing out the contents of something β a cup, a schedule, or a mind.
- λ§μμ λΉμμ. (I empty my mind.)
- μΌμ μ λΉμ μ΄μ. (I cleared my schedule.)
β Grammar note: λΉμ°λ€ β λΉμμ/λΉμ μ΄μ/λΉμΈ κ±°μμ. Always takes an object with μ/λ₯Ό (λ§μμ, λ¨Έλ¦Ώμμ, μ»΅μ, etc.).
π οΈ How They Work in a Sentence
- μμΉ¨μ λͺ μμ νλ©΄ λ§μμ΄ μ°¨λΆν΄μ§κ³ μ§μ€λ μ λΌμ. (If I meditate in the morning, my mind becomes calm and I can concentrate well too.) π§
β λͺ
μμ νλ©΄ (if I meditate) sets up two results: μ°¨λΆν΄μ§κ³ (becoming calm) and μ§μ€λ μ λΌμ (concentration also goes well).
- μ κΉμ΄λΌλ λ¨Έλ¦Ώμμ λΉμ°κ³ μ¨μ ν κ·Έ μκ°μ μ§μ€ν΄ 보μΈμ. (Try emptying your mind, even briefly, and fully focus on that moment.) π¬οΈ
β λ¨Έλ¦Ώμμ λΉμ°κ³ (emptying your head, and) leads into μ¨μ ν μ§μ€ν΄ 보μΈμ (try to fully concentrate) β emptying enables focusing.
- μ°¨λΆνκ² μμμ λ§μμ λΉμ°λ κ²μ΄ λͺ μμ μμμ΄μμ. (Sitting calmly and emptying your mind is the beginning of meditation.) π
β μ°¨λΆνκ² μμμ (sitting calmly, and) + λ§μμ λΉμ°λ κ² (the act of emptying your mind) = λͺ
μμ μμ (the start of meditation).
π§© General Formation Rule
- λͺ μ (noun + νλ€): λͺ μν΄μ/λͺ μνμ΄μ/λͺ μν κ±°μμ; λͺ μ μκ°/λͺ μ μμ
- μ°¨λΆνλ€ (regular νλ€ adjective): μ°¨λΆν΄μ/μ°¨λΆνμ΄μ/μ°¨λΆν + noun; μ°¨λΆν΄μ§λ€ = "to become calm"
- μ§μ€ (noun + νλ€): μ§μ€ν΄μ/μ§μ€νμ΄μ/μ§μ€ν κ±°μμ; μ§μ€λ ₯ (focus/concentration ability), μ§μ€μ΄ λλ€ (to become focused)
- μ¨μ ν (adverb from μ¨μ νλ€, irregular -ν form): placed before the verb
- λΉμ°λ€ (regular verb): λΉμμ/λΉμ μ΄μ/λΉμΈ κ±°μμ; always with μ/λ₯Ό
π Cross-check note
All vocabulary cross-checked against korean.go.kr β
πͺ Synonym Alert
- λͺ μ vs ν΄μ β λͺ μ is the active mental practice of meditation (focusing, breathing, quieting the mind); ν΄μ is rest in general, which can be passive, like napping or lounging.
- μ°¨λΆνλ€ vs μ‘°μ©νλ€ β μ°¨λΆνλ€ describes an inner emotional or mental state of calm; μ‘°μ©νλ€ describes external quiet β the absence of noise or sound.
- μ§μ€ vs λͺ°μ β μ§μ€ is focused attention on a task; λͺ°μ is deeper immersion, where you become so absorbed you lose track of time or surroundings.
- μ¨μ ν vs μμ ν β μ¨μ ν carries a sense of wholeness or being fully present/intact, often used for personal or identity-related contexts; μμ ν is a more general, neutral "completely" or "totally."
- λΉμ°λ€ vs μμ λ€ β λΉμ°λ€ means to empty something out, leaving a space that could be refilled; μμ λ€ means to get rid of or eliminate something entirely, often for good.
β οΈ Pitfalls to Dodge
β λͺ
μν΄μ used loosely to mean "I'm just relaxing" β β
For general relaxation, use μ¬λ€/ν΄μνλ€ β λͺ
μνλ€ specifically refers to the practice of meditation (sitting, breathing, focusing).
β μ‘°μ©ν λ§μ (to describe inner calm) β β
μ°¨λΆν λ§μ β μ‘°μ©νλ€ describes external quiet (sound), while μ°¨λΆνλ€ describes inner calm.
β μ§μ€μ΄ μ λΌμ said when you mean you were so absorbed you lost track of time β β
λͺ°μ
νμ΄μ β μ§μ€ is general focus, but λͺ°μ
captures deep immersion.
β μμ ν λλ₯Ό μν μκ° (slightly off for this context) β β
μ¨μ ν λλ₯Ό μν μκ° β μ¨μ ν conveys "wholly, fully present" especially in personal contexts; μμ ν is more neutral and general.
β λ§μμ μμ λ€ (literally "eliminate the mind" β doesn't make sense) β β
λ§μμ λΉμ°λ€ β you empty your mind (leaving space), you don't eliminate it.
μ°¨λΆνκ² μμμ λ§μμ λΉμ°κ³ , μ¨μ ν μ§μ€νλ λͺ
μ β μ€λ μμΉ¨λΆν° μμν΄ λ³ΌκΉμ? π§π
Β
Β
Try this exercise
Fill in each blank with the correct form of λͺ
μ, μ°¨λΆνλ€, μ§μ€, μ¨μ ν, or λΉμ°λ€. Each word is used twice.
- μμΉ¨μ οΌΏοΌΏοΌΏοΌΏμ νλ©΄ λ§μμ΄ νΈμν΄μ Έμ. (If you meditate in the morning, your mind becomes comfortable.)
Answer
λͺ
μ
- μν μ μλ λ§μμ οΌΏοΌΏοΌΏοΌΏκ² κ°μ§λ κ² μ€μν΄μ. (Before a test, it's important to stay calm.)
Answer
μ°¨λΆν
- μμ¦ μΌμ οΌΏοΌΏοΌΏοΌΏμ΄ μ μ λΌμ. (Lately I can't concentrate well on work.)
Answer
μ§μ€
- μ κΉμ΄λΌλ οΌΏοΌΏοΌΏοΌΏ μ¬κ³ μΆμ΄μ. (I want to rest completely, even for a moment.)
Answer
μ¨μ ν
- λ¨Έλ¦Ώμμ οΌΏοΌΏοΌΏοΌΏκ³ μλ‘ μμν΄ λ³΄μΈμ. (Empty your head and start fresh.)
Answer
λΉμ°
- οΌΏοΌΏοΌΏοΌΏμ νλ©΄μ μ²μ²ν μ¨μ μ¬μ΄μ. (While meditating, breathe slowly.)
Answer
λͺ
μ
- κ·Έλ λ νμ οΌΏοΌΏοΌΏοΌΏκ² νλν΄μ. (She always acts calmly.)
Answer
μ°¨λΆν
- κΈμ μΈ λλ οΌΏοΌΏοΌΏοΌΏμ΄ νμν΄μ. (When writing, concentration is needed.)
Answer
μ§μ€
- μ΄ μκ°μ οΌΏοΌΏοΌΏοΌΏ μ λ₯Ό μν μκ°μ΄μμ. (This time is entirely for myself.)
Answer
μ¨μ ν
- κ°λμ μΌμ λ©μΆκ³ λ§μμ οΌΏοΌΏοΌΏοΌΏλ κ² νμν΄μ. (Sometimes you need to stop working and empty your mind.)
Answer
λΉμ°
Vocabulary Box
- λͺ μ = meditation
- μ°¨λΆνλ€ = to be calm
- μ§μ€ = concentration
- μ¨μ ν = wholly, fully
- λΉμ°λ€ = to empty
Pitfalls reminder
- λͺ μνλ€ β general relaxing
- μ°¨λΆνλ€ (inner) vs μ‘°μ©νλ€ (sound)
- μ§μ€ vs λͺ°μ (deeper immersion)
- λ§μμ λΉμ°λ€, not μμ λ€
Want more reps? Head down to the Practice Hub below for 50 more questions across 5 themed exercises! π
Β
Practice Hub: Morning Meditation/Silence
Ready to really lock these in? Here are 50 questions across 5 exercises, building from word recall to full sentences. π§ Listen and repeat each sentence out loud as you go β hearing AND saying these patterns is what makes them stick!
Exercise 1 β Word Recall: λͺ μ & μ°¨λΆνλ€ π§πΏ
A. "I meditate every morning."
Answer
μ λ λ§€μΌ μμΉ¨ λͺ
μμ ν΄μ.
B. "Meditation helps reduce stress."
Answer
λͺ
μμ μ€νΈλ μ€λ₯Ό μ€μ΄λ λ° λμμ΄ λΌμ.
C. "I started meditating recently."
Answer
μμ¦ λͺ
μμ μμνμ΄μ.
D. "Let's do 10 minutes of meditation."
Answer
10λΆ λμ λͺ
μμ ν΄ λ΄μ.
E. "Please stay calm."
Answer
μ°¨λΆνκ² κ³μΈμ.
F. "She has a calm personality."
Answer
κ·Έλ
λ μ±κ²©μ΄ μ°¨λΆν΄μ.
G. "My mind became calm."
Answer
λ§μμ΄ μ°¨λΆν΄μ‘μ΄μ.
H. "It was a calm morning."
Answer
μ°¨λΆν μμΉ¨μ΄μμ΄μ.
I. "Try to speak calmly."
Answer
μ°¨λΆνκ² λ§ν΄ 보μΈμ.
J. "He stayed calm even in a difficult situation."
Answer
κ·Έλ μ΄λ €μ΄ μν©μμλ μ°¨λΆνμ΄μ.
Quick Reference
- λͺ μνλ€ = λͺ μν΄μ/λͺ μνμ΄μ/λͺ μν κ±°μμ
- λͺ μ μκ°/λͺ μ μμ
- μ°¨λΆνλ€ = μ°¨λΆν΄μ/μ°¨λΆνμ΄μ/μ°¨λΆν
- μ°¨λΆν΄μ§λ€ = "to become calm"
Β
Exercise 2 β Word Recall: μ§μ€, μ¨μ ν & λΉμ°λ€ π―ππ¬οΈ
A. "I need to concentrate on this."
Answer
μ΄κ±°μ μ§μ€ν΄μΌ ν΄μ.
B. "I can't focus today."
Answer
μ€λμ μ§μ€μ΄ μ λΌμ.
C. "Focus, please!"
Answer
μ§μ€ν΄ μ£ΌμΈμ!
D. "Her concentration is impressive."
Answer
κ·Έλ
μ μ§μ€λ ₯μ λλ¨ν΄μ.
E. "This time is entirely mine."
Answer
μ΄ μκ°μ μ¨μ ν μ κ±°μμ.
F. "I want to focus fully on my family."
Answer
κ°μ‘±μκ² μ¨μ ν μ§μ€νκ³ μΆμ΄μ.
G. "Live fully in the present moment."
Answer
μ§κΈ μ΄ μκ°μ μ¨μ ν μ΄μμ.
H. "Please empty this cup."
Answer
μ΄ μ»΅μ λΉμ μ£ΌμΈμ.
I. "I emptied my mind and rested."
Answer
λ§μμ λΉμ°κ³ μ¬μμ΄μ.
J. "I'll empty my schedule this weekend."
Answer
μ΄λ² μ£Όλ§μλ μΌμ μ λΉμΈ κ±°μμ.
Quick Reference
- μ§μ€νλ€/μ§μ€μ΄ λλ€/μ§μ€λ ₯
- μ¨μ ν + verb (placed before)
- λΉμ°λ€ = λΉμμ/λΉμ μ΄μ/λΉμΈ κ±°μμ
- λ§μμ/λ¨Έλ¦Ώμμ/μΌμ μ λΉμ°λ€
Β
Exercise 3 β Conjugation Practice: μ°¨λΆν΄μ§λ€, μ§μ€νλ€ & λΉμ°λ€ π
A. λͺ
μμ νλ©΄ λ§μμ΄ οΌΏοΌΏοΌΏοΌΏ. (If you meditate, your mind becomes calm. β present)
Answer
μ°¨λΆν΄μ Έμ
B. μ΄μ λ λ§μμ΄ μ’ οΌΏοΌΏοΌΏοΌΏ. (Yesterday my mind became a bit calm. β past)
Answer
μ°¨λΆν΄μ‘μ΄μ
C. μκ°μ΄ μ§λλ©΄ οΌΏοΌΏοΌΏοΌΏ κ±°μμ. (As time passes, it will become calm.)
Answer
μ°¨λΆν΄μ§
D. μμ¦ μΌμ οΌΏοΌΏοΌΏοΌΏ. (Lately I've been concentrating on work. β present)
Answer
μ§μ€ν΄μ
E. μ€λμ μ§μ€μ΄ μ μ οΌΏοΌΏοΌΏοΌΏ. (Today I can't concentrate well.)
Answer
λΌμ
F. μλ
μλ 곡λΆμ οΌΏοΌΏοΌΏοΌΏ. (Last year I concentrated on studying. β past)
Answer
μ§μ€νμ΄μ
G. λ€μ μ£Όμ μΌμ μ οΌΏοΌΏοΌΏοΌΏ κ±°μμ. (Next week I'll empty my schedule. β future)
Answer
λΉμΈ
H. μ΄μ λ¨Έλ¦Ώμμ οΌΏοΌΏοΌΏοΌΏ. (Yesterday I emptied my head. β past)
Answer
λΉμ μ΄μ
I. λ§€μΌ μ»΅μ οΌΏοΌΏοΌΏοΌΏ. (Every day I empty the cup. β present)
Answer
λΉμμ
J. λͺ
μν λ λ§μμ οΌΏοΌΏοΌΏοΌΏ κ² μ€μν΄μ. (When meditating, it's important to empty your mind.)
Answer
λΉμ°λ
Quick Reference
- μ°¨λΆν΄μ§λ€ = μ°¨λΆν΄μ Έμ/μ°¨λΆν΄μ‘μ΄μ/μ°¨λΆν΄μ§
- μ§μ€νλ€ = μ§μ€ν΄μ/μ§μ€νμ΄μ
- μ§μ€μ΄ λλ€/μ λλ€ = "to (not) become focused"
- λΉμ°λ€ = λΉμμ/λΉμ μ΄μ/λΉμΈ/λΉμ°λ
Β
Exercise 4 β Pattern Practice: μ°¨λΆνλ€ vs μ‘°μ©νλ€ & μ¨μ ν vs μμ ν π
A. "The library is quiet." (sound)
Answer
λμκ΄μ΄ μ‘°μ©ν΄μ.
B. "Stay calm, no matter what happens." (inner state)
Answer
λ¬΄μ¨ μΌμ΄ μμ΄λ μ°¨λΆνκ² μμΌμΈμ.
C. "Please speak more quietly." (volume)
Answer
μ’ λ μ‘°μ©ν λ§ν΄ μ£ΌμΈμ.
D. "He responded calmly to the bad news." (composure)
Answer
κ·Έλ μ μ’μ μμμλ μ°¨λΆνκ² λ°μνμ΄μ.
E. "I want to be completely honest with you." (general "completely")
Answer
λΉμ μκ² μμ ν μμ§νκ³ μΆμ΄μ.
F. "This moment belongs entirely to you." (wholeness)
Answer
μ΄ μκ°μ μ¨μ ν λΉμ μ κ±°μμ.
G. "The town was completely silent at night."
Answer
λ°€μλ λ§μμ΄ μμ ν μ‘°μ©νμ΄μ.
H. "I want to be fully myself around you."
Answer
λΉμ μμμλ μ¨μ ν μ λͺ¨μ΅μ΄κ³ μΆμ΄μ.
I. "Even in a noisy place, she stayed calm."
Answer
μλλ¬μ΄ κ³³μμλ κ·Έλ
λ μ°¨λΆνμ΄μ.
J. "I completely forgot about the meeting."
Answer
νμλ₯Ό μμ ν μμ΄λ²λ Έμ΄μ.
Quick Reference
- μ‘°μ©νλ€ = quiet (sound) vs μ°¨λΆνλ€ = calm (inner state)
- μ¨μ ν = wholly/fully (identity, presence)
- μμ ν = completely (general, neutral)
- μ°¨λΆνκ² λ°μνλ€ = "to respond calmly"
Β
Exercise 5 β Mixed Mastery: A Calm Start to the Day π§π
A. "Every morning, I meditate and clear my mind."
Answer
λ§€μΌ μμΉ¨ λͺ
μμ νκ³ λ§μμ λΉμμ.
B. "After meditating, I feel calm and focused."
Answer
λͺ
μμ νκ³ λλ©΄ μ°¨λΆνκ³ μ§μ€μ΄ μ λΌμ.
C. "This quiet time is entirely for myself."
Answer
μ΄ μ‘°μ©ν μκ°μ μ¨μ ν μ λ₯Ό μν κ±°μμ.
D. "Emptying my mind helps me concentrate better later."
Answer
λ§μμ λΉμ°λ©΄ λμ€μ λ μ§μ€μ μν μ μμ΄μ.
E. "I want to start my day calmly, not rushed."
Answer
μλλ₯΄μ§ μκ³ μ°¨λΆνκ² ν루λ₯Ό μμνκ³ μΆμ΄μ.
F. "Even five minutes of meditation can clear your head."
Answer
5λΆμ λͺ
μλ§μΌλ‘λ λ¨Έλ¦Ώμμ λΉμΈ μ μμ΄μ.
G. "Being fully present in the moment takes practice."
Answer
κ·Έ μκ°μ μ¨μ ν μ§μ€νλ 건 μ°μ΅μ΄ νμν΄μ.
H. "A calm mind helps you concentrate fully on what matters."
Answer
μ°¨λΆν λ§μμ μ€μν κ²μ μ¨μ ν μ§μ€νλ λ° λμμ΄ λΌμ.
I. "I meditated this morning and emptied all my worries."
Answer
μ€λ μμΉ¨μ λͺ
μμ νκ³ κ±±μ μ λ€ λΉμ μ΄μ.
J. "Starting the day calmly changes everything."
Answer
μ°¨λΆνκ² ν루λ₯Ό μμνλ©΄ λͺ¨λ κ² λ¬λΌμ Έμ.
Quick Reference
- λͺ μμ νκ³ λλ©΄ = "after meditating..."
- λ§μμ λΉμ°λ©΄ = "if you empty your mind..."
- μ¨μ ν μ§μ€νλ€ = "to fully concentrate"
- μ°¨λΆνκ² ν루λ₯Ό μμνλ€ = "to start the day calmly"
μ°¨λΆν λ§μμΌλ‘ λͺ
μνκ³ , λ¨Έλ¦Ώμμ λΉμ°κ³ , μ¨μ ν μ§μ€νλ ν루 β μ€λλΆν° μμν΄ λ΄μ! π§π
β¨