๐Ÿ›๏ธ

Vocab: Community Manners

Agent Progress
Built
Keywords
๋ฐฐ๋ ค / ๊ณต๊ณต์žฅ์†Œ / ์ง€ํ‚ค๋‹ค / ์กฐ์šฉํžˆ / ์˜ˆ์˜
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Done
Section
Intermediate Vocabulary
๐ŸŽฏ
TL;DR ๐Ÿฆ„
  • ๐Ÿค ๋ฐฐ๋ ค = consideration for others โ€” the single most important social value in Korean public life
  • ๐Ÿ›๏ธ ๊ณต๊ณต์žฅ์†Œ = public space โ€” whenever ๋ฐฐ๋ ค and rules apply most strongly
  • โœ… ์ง€ํ‚ค๋‹ค = to keep/observe (rules); ์กฐ์šฉํžˆ = quietly (the how); ์˜ˆ์˜ = courtesy/manners (the why)
๐Ÿ”Š
๐ŸŽง Iru Helper Note โ€” Head to the Korean Helper Widgets and hear today's vocabulary at natural speed. ๊ณต๊ณต์žฅ์†Œ์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ๋ ค๋ฅผ ์‹ค์ฒœํ•ด์š” is a phrase worth internalising fully. ๐Ÿ›๏ธ

๐ŸŒˆ The Big Picture

Korean public manners vocabulary is deeply interconnected. ๋ฐฐ๋ ค (consideration) is the social value. ๊ณต๊ณต์žฅ์†Œ (public space) is where it matters most. ์ง€ํ‚ค๋‹ค (to observe) is the action. ์กฐ์šฉํžˆ (quietly) is how you show it. And ์˜ˆ์˜ (courtesy) is the result.
Together these five words describe the social contract of shared Korean spaces โ€” from the subway to the library to the park โ€” and appear constantly in everyday conversation and writing.

๐ŸŽจ The Core Community Manners Family

1. ๋ฐฐ๋ ค โ€” consideration, thoughtfulness for others ๐Ÿค
๋ฐฐ๋ คํ•˜๋‹ค = to be considerate. ๋ฐฐ๋ ค๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค/์—†๋‹ค = to have/not have consideration. ๋ฐฐ๋ ค ๊นŠ๋‹ค = deeply considerate. ๋ฐฐ๋ ค๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋‹ค = to show consideration. The foundation of Korean communal culture.
2. ๊ณต๊ณต์žฅ์†Œ โ€” public space/place ๐Ÿ›๏ธ
๊ณต๊ณต์žฅ์†Œ์—์„œ = in public. ๊ณต๊ณต์žฅ์†Œ ์˜ˆ์ ˆ = public space etiquette. ๊ณต๊ณต์žฅ์†Œ์—์„œ ์ง€์ผœ์•ผ ํ•  ์˜ˆ์˜ = the courtesy to observe in public. Covers any shared space: subway, library, park, hospital.
3. ์ง€ํ‚ค๋‹ค โ€” to keep, observe, follow (rules) โœ…
๊ทœ์น™์„ ์ง€ํ‚ค๋‹ค = to follow rules. ์•ฝ์†์„ ์ง€ํ‚ค๋‹ค = to keep a promise. ์˜ˆ์˜๋ฅผ ์ง€ํ‚ค๋‹ค = to observe courtesy. โ‰  ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋‹ค (to comply/follow in general); ์ง€ํ‚ค๋‹ค has a stronger sense of maintaining/protecting.
4. ์กฐ์šฉํžˆ โ€” quietly, without making noise ๐Ÿ”‡
์กฐ์šฉํžˆ ํ•˜๋‹ค = to be quiet. ์กฐ์šฉํžˆ ๋งํ•˜๋‹ค = to speak quietly. ์กฐ์šฉํžˆ ํ•ด ์ฃผ์„ธ์š” = please be quiet. โ‰  ์ฐจ๋ถ„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ (calmly โ€” inner state); ์กฐ์šฉํžˆ = absence of external noise.
5. ์˜ˆ์˜ โ€” courtesy, manners, decorum ๐ŸŽฉ
์˜ˆ์˜ ๋ฐ”๋ฅด๋‹ค = to be well-mannered. ์˜ˆ์˜๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค = to lack manners. ์˜ˆ์˜๋ฅผ ์ง€ํ‚ค๋‹ค = to maintain courtesy. ์˜ˆ์˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๋‹ค = to speak courteously.

๐Ÿ› ๏ธ How They Work in a Sentence

๊ณต๊ณต์žฅ์†Œ์—์„œ๋Š” ์กฐ์šฉํžˆ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ์˜ˆ์˜์˜ˆ์š”.
Being quiet in public spaces is basic courtesy. ๐Ÿ›๏ธ๐Ÿ”‡๐ŸŽฉ
โ€” ๊ณต๊ณต์žฅ์†Œ์—์„œ๋Š” + ์กฐ์šฉํžˆ + ์˜ˆ์˜; -๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด = the act of is
๊ทœ์น™์„ ์ง€ํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์„œ๋กœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฐฐ๋ ค์˜ˆ์š”.
Following rules is consideration for each other. โœ…๐Ÿค
โ€” ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์ง€ํ‚ค๋‹ค + ๋ฐฐ๋ ค; -๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด = the act of; ์„œ๋กœ = each other
์˜ˆ์˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ–‰๋™ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ํŽธ์•ˆํ•ด์š”.
If you act with courtesy everyone is comfortable. ๐ŸŽฉ
โ€” ์˜ˆ์˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ = courteously (adverb); ํŽธ์•ˆํ•˜๋‹ค = comfortable

๐Ÿงฉ General Formation Rule

  • ๋ฐฐ๋ คํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ regular: ๋ฐฐ๋ คํ•ด์š” / ๋ฐฐ๋ คํ–ˆ์–ด์š” / ๋ฐฐ๋ ค๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค / ๋ฐฐ๋ ค ๊นŠ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ
  • ๊ณต๊ณต์žฅ์†Œ โ†’ noun: ๊ณต๊ณต์žฅ์†Œ์—์„œ / ๊ณต๊ณต์žฅ์†Œ ์˜ˆ์ ˆ / ๊ณต๊ณต์žฅ์†Œ ๊ทœ์น™
  • ์ง€ํ‚ค๋‹ค โ†’ regular: ์ง€์ผœ์š” / ์ง€์ผฐ์–ด์š” / ์ง€์ผœ์•ผ ํ•ด์š” / ์ง€ํ‚ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ
  • ์กฐ์šฉํžˆ โ†’ adverb: before verbs โ€” ์กฐ์šฉํžˆ ํ•˜๋‹ค / ์กฐ์šฉํžˆ ๋งํ•˜๋‹ค / ์กฐ์šฉํžˆ ๊ฑท๋‹ค
  • ์˜ˆ์˜ โ†’ noun: ์˜ˆ์˜๊ฐ€ / ์˜ˆ์˜๋ฅผ / ์˜ˆ์˜ ๋ฐ”๋ฅด๋‹ค / ์˜ˆ์˜ ์—†๋‹ค

๐Ÿ“š Cross-check note

All vocabulary cross-checked against korean.go.kr โœ…

๐Ÿชž Synonym Alert

  • ๋ฐฐ๋ ค โ‰ˆ ์ดํ•ด โ€” ์ดํ•ด = understanding; ๋ฐฐ๋ ค = active consideration and thoughtfulness for others
  • ๊ณต๊ณต์žฅ์†Œ โ‰ˆ ๊ณต๊ณต ์‹œ์„ค โ€” ๊ณต๊ณต ์‹œ์„ค = public facility (building/infrastructure); ๊ณต๊ณต์žฅ์†Œ = public space broadly
  • ์ง€ํ‚ค๋‹ค โ‰ˆ ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋‹ค โ€” ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋‹ค = to follow/comply; ์ง€ํ‚ค๋‹ค = to keep/maintain (implies ongoing commitment)
  • ์กฐ์šฉํžˆ โ‰ˆ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ ์—†์ด โ€” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ ์—†์ด = without sound (very literal); ์กฐ์šฉํžˆ = quietly (natural everyday adverb)
  • ์˜ˆ์˜ โ‰ˆ ๋งค๋„ˆ โ€” ๋งค๋„ˆ = manners (English loanword, casual); ์˜ˆ์˜ = courtesy/etiquette (traditional Korean term)

โš ๏ธ Pitfalls to Dodge

โŒ ์กฐ์šฉํžˆ์ด์—์š” โ†’ โœ… ์กฐ์šฉํžˆ + verb โ€” ์กฐ์šฉํžˆ is an adverb and needs a verb.
โŒ ์˜ˆ์˜๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค to someone's face โ†’ โœ… Say it indirectly: ์˜ˆ์˜๋ฅผ ์ข€ ์ง€์ผœ ์ฃผ์„ธ์š” โ€” direct ์˜ˆ์˜๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค is very blunt in Korean.
โŒ ๋ฐฐ๋ คํ•˜๋‹ค = ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ โœ… ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜๋‹ค = to worry; ๋ฐฐ๋ คํ•˜๋‹ค = to be actively considerate.
โŒ ๊ณต๊ณต์žฅ์†Œ์„ โ†’ โœ… ๊ณต๊ณต์žฅ์†Œ๋ฅผ / ๊ณต๊ณต์žฅ์†Œ์—์„œ โ€” ์žฅ์†Œ ends in a vowel: ์žฅ์†Œ๋ฅผ / ์žฅ์†Œ์—์„œ.
๊ณต๊ณต์žฅ์†Œ์—์„œ ์กฐ์šฉํžˆ ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์ง€ํ‚ค๊ณ , ์˜ˆ์˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐฐ๋ คํ•˜๋ฉด โ€” ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ํŽธ์•ˆํ•œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด ๋ผ์š”! ๐Ÿค๐Ÿ›๏ธ๐ŸŽฉ
Try this exercise
Instructions: Fill in each blank with the correct word or form.
1. ๋„์„œ๊ด€์€ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด์—์š”.
The library is a public space. ๐Ÿ›๏ธ
Answer
๊ณต๊ณต์žฅ์†Œ โ†’ ๊ณต๊ณต์žฅ์†Œ์ด์—์š”.
2. ์ง€ํ•˜์ฒ ์—์„œ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ•ด ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
Please be quiet on the subway. ๐Ÿ”‡
Answer
์กฐ์šฉํžˆ โ†’ ์กฐ์šฉํžˆ ํ•ด ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
3. ์ค„์„ ์ž˜ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•ด์š”.
It's important to keep/follow the queue properly. โœ…
Answer
์ง€ํ‚ค โ†’ ์ง€ํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•ด์š”.
4. ๊ทธ ๋ถ„์€ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ง ๊นŠ์–ด์š”.
That person is deeply considerate. ๐Ÿค
Answer
๋ฐฐ๋ ค โ†’ ๋ฐฐ๋ ค๊ฐ€ ๊นŠ์–ด์š”.
5. ์–ด๋ฅธ๊ป˜ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ด์š”.
You should speak courteously to elders. ๐ŸŽฉ
Answer
์˜ˆ์˜ โ†’ ์˜ˆ์˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ด์š”.
6. ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์—์„œ๋Š” ์“ฐ๋ ˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•จ๋ถ€๋กœ ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๋ฉด ์•ˆ ๋ผ์š”.
You shouldn't litter carelessly in public spaces. ๐Ÿ›๏ธ
Answer
๊ณต๊ณต์žฅ์†Œ โ†’ ๊ณต๊ณต์žฅ์†Œ์—์„œ๋Š”. ํ•จ๋ถ€๋กœ = carelessly.
7. ์•ฝ์†์€ ๊ผญ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์•ผ ํ•ด์š”.
You must keep promises. โœ…
Answer
์ง€์ผœ โ†’ ์ง€์ผœ์•ผ ํ•ด์š”.
8. ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ•˜๋Š” ๋งˆ์Œ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ด์š”.
A mindset of consideration for others is needed. ๐Ÿค
Answer
๋ฐฐ๋ ค โ†’ ๋ฐฐ๋ คํ•˜๋Š” ๋งˆ์Œ์ด.
9. ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ํ–‰๋™์ด ์ข‹์€ ์ธ์ƒ์„ ์ค˜์š”.
Well-mannered behavior gives a good impression. ๐ŸŽฉ
Answer
์˜ˆ์˜ โ†’ ์˜ˆ์˜ ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ํ–‰๋™์ด. ์˜ˆ์˜ ๋ฐ”๋ฅด๋‹ค = well-mannered.
10. ์˜ํ™”๊ด€์—์„œ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ๋จน๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
Don't make eating noises quietly in the cinema. ๐Ÿ”‡
Answer
์กฐ์šฉํžˆ โ†’ ์กฐ์šฉํžˆ ๋จน๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”. (i.e. eat without making sounds)
๐Ÿ“š
Vocabulary Box
  • ๋ฐฐ๋ ค โ†’ consideration for others
  • ๋ฐฐ๋ คํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to be considerate
  • ๋ฐฐ๋ ค ๊นŠ๋‹ค โ†’ deeply considerate
  • ๊ณต๊ณต์žฅ์†Œ โ†’ public space
  • ๊ณต๊ณต์žฅ์†Œ ์˜ˆ์ ˆ โ†’ public etiquette
  • ์ง€ํ‚ค๋‹ค โ†’ to keep/observe
  • ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์ง€ํ‚ค๋‹ค โ†’ to follow rules
  • ์•ฝ์†์„ ์ง€ํ‚ค๋‹ค โ†’ to keep a promise
  • ์กฐ์šฉํžˆ โ†’ quietly (adverb)
  • ์กฐ์šฉํžˆ ํ•ด ์ฃผ์„ธ์š” โ†’ please be quiet
  • ์˜ˆ์˜ โ†’ courtesy, manners
  • ์˜ˆ์˜ ๋ฐ”๋ฅด๋‹ค โ†’ well-mannered
  • ์˜ˆ์˜๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค โ†’ rude/lacking manners
Memory tips ๐Ÿ’ก
  • ๋ฐฐ๋ ค = active consideration (not just empathy)
  • ์ง€ํ‚ค๋‹ค = keep/protect (ongoing commitment)
  • ์กฐ์šฉํžˆ = adverb + verb always
  • ์˜ˆ์˜ = ็ฆฎๅ„€ = ceremony + proper conduct

๐Ÿš€
Want more reps? Visit the Practice Hub when you're ready! ๐Ÿš€
๐Ÿ“ฆ
๐ŸŽฏ Practice Hub โ€” Vocab: Community Manners
๊ณต๊ณต์˜ˆ์ ˆ ์‹œ์ž‘! ๐Ÿ›๏ธ This Practice Hub drills all five words โ€” ๋ฐฐ๋ ค, ๊ณต๊ณต์žฅ์†Œ, ์ง€ํ‚ค๋‹ค, ์กฐ์šฉํžˆ, ์˜ˆ์˜ โ€” across four concise exercises covering real Korean public manner conversations. ๐Ÿค
๐Ÿ”Š Audio reminder: Use the Korean Helper Widgets to hear any sentence.
๐Ÿ“ Instructions: Fill in each blank with the correct word or form.

Exercise 1 โ€” Public Spaces ๐Ÿ›๏ธ

A. ์ง€ํ•˜์ฒ ์€ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด์—์š”.
The subway is a public space. ๐Ÿ›๏ธ
Answer
๊ณต๊ณต์žฅ์†Œ โ†’ ๊ณต๊ณต์žฅ์†Œ์ด์—์š”.
B. ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์—์„œ๋Š” ํฐ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ํ†ตํ™”ํ•˜๋ฉด ์•ˆ ๋ผ์š”.
You shouldn't talk loudly on the phone in public spaces. ๐Ÿ›๏ธ
Answer
๊ณต๊ณต์žฅ์†Œ โ†’ ๊ณต๊ณต์žฅ์†Œ์—์„œ๋Š”.
C. ๋ณ‘์›๋„ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ด์š”.
A hospital is also a public space so you should be quiet. ๐Ÿ›๏ธ๐Ÿ”‡
Answer
๊ณต๊ณต์žฅ์†Œ / ์กฐ์šฉํžˆ โ†’ ๊ณต๊ณต์žฅ์†Œ์ด๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์กฐ์šฉํžˆ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ด์š”.
D. ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ์˜ˆ์ ˆ์„ ์ง€ํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ด์—์š”.
It's basic to observe public space etiquette. ๐Ÿ›๏ธโœ…
Answer
๊ณต๊ณต์žฅ์†Œ โ†’ ๊ณต๊ณต์žฅ์†Œ ์˜ˆ์ ˆ์„ ์ง€ํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด. โœ…
E. ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์—์„œ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ–‰๋™ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ํŽธํ•ด์š”.
If you act courteously in public spaces everyone is comfortable. ๐Ÿ›๏ธ๐ŸŽฉ
Answer
๊ณต๊ณต์žฅ์†Œ / ์˜ˆ์˜ โ†’ ๊ณต๊ณต์žฅ์†Œ์—์„œ ์˜ˆ์˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ. โœ…
๐Ÿ“š
๊ณต๊ณต์žฅ์†Œ examples:
  • ์ง€ํ•˜์ฒ  โ†’ subway
  • ๋„์„œ๊ด€ โ†’ library
  • ๋ณ‘์› โ†’ hospital
  • ๊ณต์› โ†’ park
  • ๋ฒ„์Šค โ†’ bus
  • ์˜ํ™”๊ด€ โ†’ cinema

Exercise 2 โ€” Keeping Rules & Being Quiet โœ…๐Ÿ”‡

A. ์งˆ์„œ๋ฅผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ด์š”.
Keeping order is important. โœ…
Answer
์ง€ํ‚ค โ†’ ์ง€ํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ด์š”.
B. ๋„์„œ๊ด€์—์„œ๋Š” ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ์ฑ…์„ ์ฝ์–ด์š”.
I read books quietly in the library. ๐Ÿ”‡
Answer
์กฐ์šฉํžˆ โ†’ ์กฐ์šฉํžˆ ์ฑ…์„ ์ฝ์–ด์š”.
C. ๊ทœ์น™์„ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฒจ์š”.
If you don't follow rules problems arise. โœ…
Answer
์ง€ํ‚ค โ†’ ์ง€ํ‚ค์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด.
D. ์•„์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ํ•˜๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
I told the children to be quiet. ๐Ÿ”‡
Answer
์กฐ์šฉํžˆ โ†’ ์กฐ์šฉํžˆ ํ•˜๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”. -๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋‹ค = to tell someone to do.
E. ๊ทœ์น™์„ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด์—์š”.
A person who keeps rules is a person with manners. โœ…๐ŸŽฉ
Answer
์ง€ํ‚ค / ์˜ˆ์˜ โ†’ ์ง€ํ‚ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์˜ˆ์˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด์—์š”. โœ…
๐Ÿ“š
์ง€ํ‚ค๋‹ค collocations:
  • ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์ง€ํ‚ค๋‹ค โ†’ keep rules
  • ์•ฝ์†์„ ์ง€ํ‚ค๋‹ค โ†’ keep promises
  • ์งˆ์„œ๋ฅผ ์ง€ํ‚ค๋‹ค โ†’ maintain order
  • ์˜ˆ์˜๋ฅผ ์ง€ํ‚ค๋‹ค โ†’ observe courtesy
์กฐ์šฉํžˆ collocations:
  • ์กฐ์šฉํžˆ ํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ be quiet
  • ์กฐ์šฉํžˆ ๋งํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ speak quietly
  • ์กฐ์šฉํžˆ ๊ฑท๋‹ค โ†’ walk quietly

Exercise 3 โ€” Consideration & Courtesy ๐Ÿค๐ŸŽฉ

A. ์–ด๋ฅด์‹ ๊ป˜ ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์–‘๋ณดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์˜ˆ์š”.
Giving up your seat to an elderly person is consideration. ๐Ÿค
Answer
๋ฐฐ๋ ค โ†’ ๋ฐฐ๋ ค์˜ˆ์š”. ์–ด๋ฅด์‹  = elderly person. ์–‘๋ณดํ•˜๋‹ค = to yield.
B. ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๊ฐ€ ์—†์–ด์„œ ๋ถˆํŽธํ•ด์š”.
That person has no manners so it's uncomfortable. ๐ŸŽฉ
Answer
์˜ˆ์˜ โ†’ ์˜ˆ์˜๊ฐ€ ์—†์–ด์„œ.
C. ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ•˜๋ฉด ๋” ์ข‹์€ ์‚ฌํšŒ๊ฐ€ ๋ผ์š”.
If you are considerate of others society becomes better. ๐Ÿค
Answer
๋ฐฐ๋ ค โ†’ ๋ฐฐ๋ คํ•˜๋ฉด.
D. ์–ด๋ฅธ๊ป˜ ์ธ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ž˜ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์˜ˆ์š”.
Greeting elders properly is basic courtesy. ๐ŸŽฉ
Answer
์˜ˆ์˜ โ†’ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ์˜ˆ์˜์˜ˆ์š”.
E. ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ๊นŠ์€ ํ–‰๋™์€ ์ฃผ๋ณ€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ํŽธ์•ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์š”.
Deeply considerate actions make those around you comfortable. ๐Ÿค
Answer
๋ฐฐ๋ ค โ†’ ๋ฐฐ๋ ค ๊นŠ์€ ํ–‰๋™์€. ๋ฐฐ๋ ค ๊นŠ๋‹ค = deeply considerate.
๐Ÿ“š
๋ฐฐ๋ ค vs ์˜ˆ์˜:
  • ๋ฐฐ๋ ค = active consideration (heart)
  • ์˜ˆ์˜ = observable courtesy (behavior)
  • ๋ฐฐ๋ ค ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ = considerate person
  • ์˜ˆ์˜ ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ = well-mannered person
  • Both are needed for good ๊ณต๊ณต์˜ˆ์ ˆ!

Exercise 4 โ€” Mixed Mastery + Pitfall Patrol ๐Ÿ›ก๏ธ

A. โŒ ์กฐ์šฉํžˆ์ด์—์š” โ†’ โœ… ๋„์„œ๊ด€์—์„œ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ํ•ด ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”
Please be quiet in the library. ๐Ÿ”‡
Answer
์กฐ์šฉํžˆ โ†’ ์กฐ์šฉํžˆ ํ•ด ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ์กฐ์šฉํžˆ = adverb + verb. โœ…
B. โŒ ๊ณต๊ณต์žฅ์†Œ์„ โ†’ โœ… ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์—์„œ ๊ทœ์น™์„ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์š”
I keep the rules in public spaces. ๐Ÿ›๏ธโœ…
Answer
๊ณต๊ณต์žฅ์†Œ / ์ง€์ผœ โ†’ ๊ณต๊ณต์žฅ์†Œ์—์„œ ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์ง€์ผœ์š”. โœ…
C. ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์—์„œ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ํ•˜๊ณ , ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋ฅผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๊ณ , ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ–‰๋™ํ•ด์š”.
In public spaces I am quiet, keep rules, and act courteously. ๐Ÿ›๏ธ๐Ÿ”‡โœ…๐ŸŽฉ
Answer
๊ณต๊ณต์žฅ์†Œ / ์กฐ์šฉํžˆ / ๊ทœ์น™ / ์ง€ํ‚ค / ์˜ˆ์˜ โ†’ ๊ณต๊ณต์žฅ์†Œ์—์„œ ์กฐ์šฉํžˆ ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์ง€ํ‚ค๊ณ , ์˜ˆ์˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ–‰๋™ํ•ด์š”. โœ…
D. ์„œ๋กœ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋ฅผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋ฉด โ€” ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์šด ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๊ฐ€ ๋ผ์š”.
If we are considerate of each other and keep courtesy โ€” it becomes a public space everyone enjoys. ๐Ÿค๐ŸŽฉโœ…๐Ÿ›๏ธ
Answer
๋ฐฐ๋ ค / ์˜ˆ์˜ / ์ง€ํ‚ค / ๊ณต๊ณต์žฅ์†Œ โ†’ ์„œ๋กœ ๋ฐฐ๋ คํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์˜ˆ์˜๋ฅผ ์ง€ํ‚ค๋ฉด โ€” ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์šด ๊ณต๊ณต์žฅ์†Œ๊ฐ€ ๋ผ์š”. All five words. โœ…
๐Ÿ“š
Pitfall Recap
  • โŒ ์กฐ์šฉํžˆ์ด์—์š” โ†’ โœ… ์กฐ์šฉํžˆ + verb
  • โŒ ๊ณต๊ณต์žฅ์†Œ์„ โ†’ โœ… ๊ณต๊ณต์žฅ์†Œ๋ฅผ/์—์„œ
  • โŒ ๋ฐฐ๋ ค = ๊ฑฑ์ • โ†’ โœ… ๋ฐฐ๋ ค = active consideration
  • โŒ ์˜ˆ์˜๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค (to face) โ†’ โœ… ์˜ˆ์˜๋ฅผ ์ง€์ผœ ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”
Full manners sentence:
๊ณต๊ณต์žฅ์†Œ์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ๋ คํ•˜๊ณ , ์กฐ์šฉํžˆ ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์ง€ํ‚ค๊ณ , ์˜ˆ์˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ–‰๋™ํ•ด์š”! ๐Ÿ›๏ธ๐Ÿค๐Ÿ”‡โœ…๐ŸŽฉโœจ
๐ŸŽ‰ ๊ณต๊ณต์˜ˆ์ ˆ ์–ดํœ˜ ๋งˆ์Šคํ„ฐ! ๐Ÿ›๏ธ Now you can talk about Korean community manners naturally โ€” ๋ฐฐ๋ คํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ณต๊ณต์žฅ์†Œ์—์„œ ์กฐ์šฉํžˆ ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์ง€ํ‚ค๊ณ , ์˜ˆ์˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ–‰๋™ํ•ด์š”. ๋ชจ๋‘๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ฐฐ๋ ค! ๐Ÿคโœจ