TL;DR
- -자니 shows internal conflict: “if I do A, there is a problem; if I do not do A, there is also a problem.”
- TOPIK II reading often hides the answer in contrast pairs such as
가자니… 안 가자니…,말하자니… 숨기자니….
- Read for the speaker’s dilemma, not just the dictionary meaning of each verb.
🎧 Helper Note: Read each Korean example aloud twice. On the first read, mark the two choices. On the second read, say the emotional result: 고민, 부담, 아쉬움, 난처함, or 망설임.
🔑 The Big Picture
In TOPIK II reading, -자니 often appears in sentences where the writer is stuck between two choices.
A common pattern is:
V-자니 A, V-지 않자니 / 안 V-자니 BThis means:
If I try to do V, A is a problem; but if I do not do V, B is also a problem.
Examples:
가자니 시간이 없고, 안 가자니 아쉽다.- If I go, I do not have time; if I do not go, I will feel disappointed.
말하자니 상대가 상처받을 것 같고, 숨기자니 마음이 불편하다.- If I say it, the other person may be hurt; if I hide it, I feel uneasy.
버리자니 아깝고, 두자니 공간을 차지한다.- If I throw it away, it feels wasteful; if I keep it, it takes up space.
The key reading skill is to identify the two competing pressures and infer the writer’s attitude: hesitation, conflict, burden, regret, or practical difficulty.
🧩 Core Concepts / Patterns
1. Basic form: V-자니
Use -자니 mainly with action verbs.
Verb | Form | Example |
가다 | 가자니 | 혼자 가자니 걱정된다. |
말하다 | 말하자니 | 사실대로 말하자니 미안하다. |
버리다 | 버리자니 | 버리자니 아깝다. |
신청하다 | 신청하자니 | 신청하자니 비용이 부담스럽다. |
2. Conflict pair: V-자니…, 안 V-자니…
This is the most testable pattern.
참자니 억울하고, 따지자니 일이 커질 것 같다.- If I endure it, it feels unfair; if I complain, the matter may become bigger.
사자니 비싸고, 안 사자니 꼭 필요하다.- If I buy it, it is expensive; if I do not buy it, I really need it.
3. Related form: V-자니까
-자니까 can show what happened when the speaker tried or decided to do something.
문을 열자니까 갑자기 바람이 들어왔다.- When I tried to open the door, wind suddenly came in.
혼자 해결하자니까 시간이 너무 오래 걸렸다.- When I tried to solve it alone, it took too long.
In TOPIK reading, -자니 usually emphasizes hesitation or conflict, while -자니까 often introduces a result after an attempted action. Always read the whole sentence.
4. Meaning signals near -자니
Watch for these words because they often point to internal conflict:
고민이 되다
망설이다
난처하다
부담스럽다
아쉽다
미안하다
아깝다
걱정되다
어렵다
쉽지 않다
✅ Exam Strategy
- Find the two choices.
- Mark the verbs before
-자니. - Look for the opposite choice:
안 V-자니,V-지 않자니, or another contrasting verb.
- Label the problem after each choice.
- Choice A → problem A
- Choice B → problem B
- Infer the writer’s attitude.
- Is the writer worried, hesitant, regretful, burdened, or conflicted?
- Avoid answer choices that choose only one side.
- TOPIK distractors often mention only the first problem or only the second problem.
- Check whether the sentence is about action, not simple description.
- -자니 usually connects to an intended or attempted action.
⚠️ Pitfalls
- Pitfall 1: Translating too literally.
- Do not read
가자니as only “let’s go.” In this pattern, it means closer to “if I try to go.”
- Pitfall 2: Missing the opposite choice.
- In
말하자니 미안하고 안 하자니 답답하다, both sides matter.
- Pitfall 3: Confusing -자니 with -자마자.
도착하자마자means “as soon as I arrived.” It does not express internal conflict.
- Pitfall 4: Choosing a positive summary too quickly.
- Sentences with -자니 often express hesitation, burden, or difficulty, not simple preference.
- Pitfall 5: Ignoring emotional vocabulary.
- Words like
아깝다,미안하다,부담스럽다, and난처하다often reveal the correct inference.
🧠 Worked Examples
Example 1
친구의 부탁을 들어주자니 시간이 부족하고, 거절하자니 미안해서 고민이다.Correct understanding:
- Choice 1: help the friend → not enough time
- Choice 2: refuse → feel sorry
- Overall attitude: the speaker is conflicted.
Example 2
고장 난 노트북을 고치자니 수리비가 비싸고, 새로 사자니 아직 쓸 만해서 망설이고 있다.Correct understanding:
- Choice 1: repair it → expensive
- Choice 2: buy a new one → the old one is still usable
- Overall attitude: the speaker cannot decide easily.
Example 3
회의에서 의견을 말하자니 분위기가 어색해질 것 같고, 가만히 있자니 문제가 계속될 것 같았다.Correct understanding:
- Choice 1: speak up → atmosphere may become awkward
- Choice 2: stay quiet → problem may continue
- Overall attitude: the speaker feels pressured by both options.
Practice Hub: 50 TOPIK-style Questions
Set 1 — Meaning Match (1–10)
Choose the best meaning of the underlined part.
혼자 가자니 길을 잃을까 봐 걱정되고, 같이 가자니 친구가 바쁠 것 같다.What is the speaker’s situation?- The speaker already went with a friend.
- The speaker is unsure because both choices have problems.
- The speaker does not want to meet the friend.
- The speaker thinks the road is easy.
버리자니 아깝고, 보관하자니 집이 너무 좁다.What is the main feeling?- satisfaction
- internal conflict
- confidence
- anger at another person
사실대로 말하자니 상대가 상처받을 것 같고, 숨기자니 마음이 불편하다.What does the speaker worry about?- The truth is not important.
- Both telling and hiding the truth are difficult.
- The other person already knows everything.
- Hiding the truth is impossible.
지금 신청하자니 비용이 부담스럽고, 나중에 하자니 기회를 놓칠까 걱정이다.Which summary is correct?- The speaker has already missed the chance.
- The speaker is deciding between cost and opportunity.
- The speaker thinks the fee is cheap.
- The speaker refuses to apply later.
참자니 억울하고, 따지자니 관계가 나빠질 것 같다.What is the speaker’s concern?- Whether to endure or complain
- Whether to buy or sell something
- Whether to study or rest
- Whether to travel alone
새 옷을 사자니 비싸고, 안 사자니 면접 때 입을 옷이 없다.Why is the speaker hesitating?- The interview was canceled.
- The speaker dislikes new clothes.
- Buying is expensive, but not buying causes another problem.
- The speaker already bought clothes.
부탁을 거절하자니 미안하고, 들어주자니 내 일정이 너무 빠듯하다.What does this imply?- The speaker has plenty of free time.
- The speaker feels torn between kindness and schedule pressure.
- The speaker wants to ask for help.
- The speaker does not know the person.
회의에 참석하자니 준비가 안 됐고, 빠지자니 중요한 내용을 놓칠 것 같다.What is the speaker’s dilemma?- Attending unprepared or missing important content
- Preparing a report or canceling a trip
- Calling a friend or sending an email
- Buying a ticket or returning it
컴퓨터를 고치자니 수리비가 많이 들고, 새로 사자니 예산이 부족하다.Which statement is closest?- The speaker has enough money for both choices.
- The speaker is comparing two costly options.
- The computer works perfectly.
- The speaker already bought a new computer.
그냥 넘어가자니 마음에 걸리고, 문제를 제기하자니 일이 커질 것 같다.What is the tone?- hesitation
- excitement
- certainty
- celebration
Answers — Set 1
- 2 — Both going alone and going with a friend have problems.
- 2 —
아깝고 / 좁다creates a dilemma.
- 2 — Telling hurts the person; hiding makes the speaker uncomfortable.
- 2 — The conflict is between financial burden and missing a chance.
- 1 —
참다and따지다are the two choices.
- 3 — This is the classic
V-자니…, 안 V-자니…conflict.
- 2 — The speaker wants to be considerate but has limited time.
- 1 — Both attending and not attending have disadvantages.
- 2 — Repairing and replacing both create money problems.
- 1 —
마음에 걸리다and일이 커지다signal hesitation.
Set 2 — Choose the Correct Connective (11–20)
Choose the best connective for each blank.
혼자 해결하___ 시간이 너무 오래 걸리고, 도움을 청하___ 미안하다.- -자니 / -자니
- -지만 / -거나
- -자마자 / -도록
- -느라 / -다면
그 물건을 버리___ 아깝고, 계속 두___ 자리를 많이 차지한다.- -자니 / -자니
- -고 나서 / -기 전에
- -아도 / -니까
- -는 동안 / -듯이
지금 출발하___ 길이 막힐 것 같고, 늦게 출발하___ 약속 시간에 늦을 것 같다.- -자니 / -자니
- -려고 / -면서
- -더니 / -지만
- -아야 / -거든
친구에게 사실을 말하___ 상처를 받을 것 같고, 말하지 않___ 계속 오해할 것 같다.- -자니 / -자니
- -거나 / -고
- -자마자 / -니까
- -도록 / -느라고
비싼 강의를 등록하___ 부담스럽고, 포기하___ 실력이 늘지 않을까 걱정된다.- -자니 / -자니
- -아도 / -아서
- -기 때문에 / -지만
- -는 대로 / -듯이
회의에서 반대 의견을 내___ 분위기가 어색해질 것 같고, 가만히 있___ 결정이 잘못될 것 같다.- -자니 / -자니
- -게 / -도록
- -자마자 / -느라
- -거나 / -든지
낡은 가방을 고치___ 돈이 들고, 새로 사___ 더 큰돈이 든다.- -자니 / -자니
- -지만 / -니까
- -려고 / -면서
- -아도 / -더라도
부모님께 말씀드리___ 걱정하실 것 같고, 혼자 결정하___ 자신이 없다.- -자니 / -자니
- -거나 / -고
- -자마자 / -기 전에
- -듯이 / -도록
지금 회사를 그만두___ 불안하고, 계속 다니___ 건강이 걱정된다.- -자니 / -자니
- -느라 / -면서
- -거나 / -지만
- -아야 / -더니
그 제안을 받아들이___ 조건이 마음에 걸리고, 거절하___ 좋은 기회를 놓칠 것 같다.- -자니 / -자니
- -자마자 / -느라고
- -아서 / -지만
- -도록 / -기 위해
Answers — Set 2
- 1 — Two attempted actions create two burdens.
- 1 — Throwing away and keeping both have disadvantages.
- 1 — Both departure times create a possible problem.
- 1 — Telling and not telling are contrasted.
- 1 — Registering and giving up both cause concern.
- 1 — Speaking and staying silent are the competing choices.
- 1 — Repairing and buying both cost money.
- 1 — Telling parents and deciding alone both feel difficult.
- 1 — Quitting and continuing both create risk.
- 1 — Accepting and rejecting are contrasted.
Set 3 — Inference Questions (21–30)
Read each sentence and choose the best inference.
유학을 가자니 비용이 걱정되고, 포기하자니 오랫동안 준비한 것이 아깝다.- The speaker is proud of giving up.
- The speaker is conflicted about studying abroad.
- The speaker has already paid all expenses.
- The speaker dislikes studying.
동료에게 부탁하자니 미안하고, 혼자 하자니 마감 시간을 맞추기 어렵다.- The speaker needs help but feels uncomfortable asking.
- The speaker finished the work early.
- The colleague refused already.
- The deadline is not important.
이사를 하자니 돈이 많이 들고, 그냥 살자니 출퇴근 시간이 너무 길다.- The speaker is choosing between cost and commute time.
- The speaker has no job.
- The speaker wants a bigger house only.
- The speaker already moved.
아이에게 스마트폰을 사 주자니 너무 이른 것 같고, 안 사 주자니 친구들과 어울리기 어려울 것 같다.- The parent is balancing age concerns and social concerns.
- The child already lost a phone.
- The parent thinks phones are always good.
- The child does not have friends.
행사에 참가하자니 일이 밀리고, 빠지자니 팀원들에게 미안하다.- The speaker feels responsible both for work and the team.
- The speaker dislikes the team.
- The event was postponed.
- The work is already finished.
계약을 연장하자니 조건이 좋지 않고, 끝내자니 당장 대안을 찾기 어렵다.- The speaker has a perfect alternative.
- The speaker is deciding between a bad condition and no immediate alternative.
- The contract has already ended.
- The speaker wants to avoid all contracts.
도시락을 싸자니 시간이 없고, 사 먹자니 매일 드는 돈이 부담스럽다.- The speaker is concerned about time and money.
- The speaker never eats lunch.
- The speaker hates home food.
- The speaker received free meals.
자료를 더 찾자니 시간이 부족하고, 이대로 제출하자니 내용이 부족한 것 같다.- The speaker is uncertain about the quality of the submission.
- The speaker has too much time.
- The topic is unrelated to research.
- The submission is already perfect.
친구에게 돈을 빌려주자니 돌려받지 못할까 걱정되고, 거절하자니 사이가 멀어질 것 같다.- The speaker does not know the friend.
- The speaker is torn between financial risk and relationship concern.
- The friend already paid back the money.
- The speaker wants to borrow money.
새로운 일을 시작하자니 실패가 두렵고, 지금처럼 지내자니 발전이 없을 것 같다.- The speaker is satisfied with the present.
- The speaker is caught between fear of failure and desire for growth.
- The speaker failed already.
- The speaker dislikes all new work.
Answers — Set 3
- 2 — Cost conflicts with the value of long preparation.
- 1 — Asking feels uncomfortable, but doing it alone is hard.
- 1 — Moving costs money; staying costs commute time.
- 1 — The parent sees problems on both sides.
- 1 — Work pressure and team obligation conflict.
- 2 — Neither extending nor ending is easy.
- 1 — Packing lunch costs time; buying lunch costs money.
- 1 — The speaker worries that more research is needed but time is short.
- 2 — Lending may create financial risk; refusing may damage the relationship.
- 2 — The sentence contrasts fear and growth.
Set 4 — Complete the Sentence (31–40)
Choose the most natural completion.
그 사실을 말하자니 상대가 상처받을 것 같고, 숨기자니 _____.- 마음이 편하지 않다
- 날씨가 맑다
- 이미 도착했다
- 음식이 맛있다
비싼 카메라를 사자니 부담스럽고, 안 사자니 _____.- 사진 수업에 필요하다
- 어제 잠을 잤다
- 버스가 늦었다
- 음악이 조용하다
회의에서 질문하자니 분위기가 어색해질 것 같고, 그냥 있자니 _____.- 궁금한 점이 해결되지 않는다
- 창문이 열려 있다
- 책상이 크다
- 길이 넓다
고향에 내려가자니 시간이 부족하고, 가지 않자니 _____.- 부모님께 죄송하다
- 물이 차갑다
- 신발이 작다
- 노래가 빠르다
낡은 책상을 버리자니 아깝고, 계속 쓰자니 _____.- 너무 흔들려서 불편하다
- 하늘이 파랗다
- 편지가 도착했다
- 영화가 끝났다
새 직장으로 옮기자니 적응이 걱정되고, 지금 회사에 남자니 _____.- 성장할 기회가 적다
- 커피가 뜨겁다
- 지하철이 빠르다
- 문이 닫혔다
혼자 여행하자니 외로울 것 같고, 친구와 가자니 _____.- 일정을 맞추기 어렵다
- 색깔이 밝다
- 냄새가 좋다
- 시험이 끝났다
아이를 혼내자니 마음이 아프고, 그냥 두자니 _____.- 같은 실수를 반복할 것 같다
- 꽃이 피었다
- 가격이 싸다
- 시간이 멈췄다
중고로 팔자니 가격을 제대로 받기 어렵고, 그냥 쓰자니 _____.- 이미 새 제품을 샀다
- 비가 그쳤다
- 노래를 불렀다
- 글씨가 예쁘다
온라인 수업을 듣자니 집중이 잘 안 되고, 오프라인 수업을 듣자니 _____.- 이동 시간이 부담스럽다
- 바다가 깊다
- 사진이 선명하다
- 문장이 짧다
Answers — Set 4
- 1 — Hiding the truth creates emotional discomfort.
- 1 — Not buying conflicts with a practical need.
- 1 — Staying quiet leaves the question unresolved.
- 1 — Not visiting creates guilt toward parents.
- 1 — Keeping it creates a practical inconvenience.
- 1 — Staying creates a career-growth concern.
- 1 — Going with a friend creates a scheduling issue.
- 1 — Not correcting the child may allow the mistake to continue.
- 1 — Keeping it is inconvenient because a new one already exists.
- 1 — Offline class creates a travel-time burden.
Set 5 — TOPIK Reading Mini Passages (41–50)
Read and choose the best answer.
요즘 책장이 가득 차서 오래된 책을 정리하려고 한다. 그런데 버리자니 다시 필요할 것 같고, 보관하자니 둘 곳이 없다.What is the writer’s problem?- The writer cannot decide what to do with old books.
- The writer wants to buy more books immediately.
- The writer lost all books.
- The writer dislikes reading.
회사에서 해외 연수 기회가 생겼다. 신청하자니 가족과 오래 떨어져 있어야 하고, 포기하자니 좋은 기회를 놓치는 것 같아 고민이다.What is the writer thinking?- Family and career opportunity are both important.
- The company canceled the training.
- The writer has no interest in training.
- The family already moved overseas.
친구가 빌린 물건을 오랫동안 돌려주지 않고 있다. 돌려 달라고 하자니 쪼잔해 보일까 걱정되고, 그냥 기다리자니 계속 신경이 쓰인다.What is the writer’s attitude?- The writer is completely calm.
- The writer is hesitant about bringing up the issue.
- The writer forgot the borrowed item.
- The writer wants to borrow more things.
작년에 산 운동화를 계속 신자니 발이 아프고, 새로 사자니 아직 멀쩡해 보여서 아깝다.Why does the writer hesitate?- The old shoes are uncomfortable but still look usable.
- The writer never wears shoes.
- The shoes were free.
- The writer already bought two pairs.
팀 프로젝트에서 한 사람이 계속 일을 늦게 제출한다. 지적하자니 분위기가 나빠질 것 같고, 그냥 두자니 다른 팀원들이 힘들어질 것 같다.What can be inferred?- The writer is balancing team harmony and responsibility.
- The project has no deadline.
- Everyone submits work early.
- The writer wants to leave the team immediately.
집 근처 헬스장은 비싸지만 가깝고, 먼 곳은 싸지만 시간이 오래 걸린다. 가까운 곳을 다니자니 비용이 부담스럽고, 먼 곳을 다니자니 꾸준히 가기 어려울 것 같다.What is the main conflict?- Cost versus convenience
- Weather versus clothing
- Food versus taste
- Reading versus writing
부모님께 진로를 바꾸고 싶다고 말씀드리자니 실망하실까 걱정되고, 말하지 않자니 혼자 결정하기가 불안하다.What is the writer’s concern?- The writer wants advice but fears disappointing parents.
- The parents already approved everything.
- The writer has no career concern.
- The writer dislikes all conversations.
중요한 시험을 앞두고 아르바이트를 계속하자니 공부 시간이 부족하고, 그만두자니 생활비가 걱정된다.Which summary is correct?- The writer is choosing between study time and living expenses.
- The writer does not need money.
- The exam is already over.
- The part-time job is unrelated to time.
이웃집 소음 때문에 밤마다 잠을 설치고 있다. 항의하자니 이웃 사이가 불편해질 것 같고, 참자니 건강에 문제가 생길 것 같다.What is the writer’s dilemma?- Maintaining neighbor relations versus protecting health
- Buying furniture versus cleaning the house
- Moving abroad versus studying language
- Cooking dinner versus eating out
오래된 휴대폰을 계속 쓰자니 자주 멈추고, 바꾸자니 새 제품 가격이 부담스럽다.What does the sentence mean?- The writer is unsure because keeping and replacing both have drawbacks.
- The phone works perfectly.
- The writer already changed the phone.
- New phones are always free.
Answers — Set 5
- 1 — Throwing away and keeping books both create problems.
- 1 — Training is valuable, but separation from family is difficult.
- 2 — The writer wants the item back but worries about seeming petty.
- 1 — Comfort and wastefulness conflict.
- 1 — Speaking up may hurt the mood; silence may hurt the team.
- 1 — The close gym costs more; the far gym costs time and effort.
- 1 — The writer wants support but fears disappointing parents.
- 1 — Work provides money but reduces study time.
- 1 — Complaining may hurt relations; enduring may hurt health.
- 1 — Both continuing to use it and replacing it have disadvantages.
✅ Final Review
Before answering TOPIK questions with -자니, ask yourself:
- What action is being considered?
- What problem appears if the person does it?
- What problem appears if the person does not do it or chooses the other option?
- Which word best describes the person’s feeling:
고민,망설임,부담,아쉬움, or난처함?
If you can explain both sides of the conflict in one sentence, you have understood the grammar correctly.