TL;DR ๐ฆ
- ๐ ์๋ฌผ ๋ค์์ฑ ๋ณด์กด means preserving biodiversity: protecting the variety of living things, genes, habitats, and ecosystems.
- ๐พ The core logic is loss prevention: reduce threats like ์์์ง ํ๊ดด (habitat destruction), ๋ฉธ์ข (extinction), and ํ๊ฒฝ ์ค์ผ (environmental pollution) before recovery becomes harder.
- ๐ก๏ธ In advanced Korean, this topic sounds natural with ๋ณด์ ํ๋ค (to conserve/preserve), ๋ณดํธํ๋ค (to protect), ๋ฉธ์ข ์๊ธฐ์ข (endangered species), and ์ํ๊ณ ๊ท ํ (ecosystem balance).
๐ง Iru Helper Note โ Use Korean Helper Widgets to hear terms like ์๋ฌผ ๋ค์์ฑ (biodiversity), ๋ฉธ์ข
์๊ธฐ์ข
(endangered species), and ์์์ง ํ๊ดด (habitat destruction). Long academic noun phrases get much friendlier when your ears meet them first. ๐ง
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๐ The Big Picture
์๋ฌผ ๋ค์์ฑ (biodiversity) refers to the variety of life: different species, genetic differences within species, and the ecosystems where organisms live. In advanced Korean, it often appears in environmental policy, ethics, science writing, and sustainability discussions. ๐ฑ
๋ณด์กด (preservation/conservation) focuses on keeping something valuable from being lost or damaged. So ์๋ฌผ ๋ค์์ฑ ๋ณด์กด is not just โsaving cute animals,โ though yes, the otters would appreciate the PR department. ๐ฆฆ It means maintaining ecological systems so life can continue functioning in a stable, balanced way.
This lesson is different from a restoration lesson. ๋ณต์ (restoration) repairs what has already been damaged; ๋ณด์กด and ๋ณด์ focus more on preventing loss, protecting habitats, managing threats, and maintaining ecological value over time. ๐ก๏ธ
๐จ The Core Biodiversity Preservation Family
- ์๋ฌผ ๋ค์์ฑ โ biodiversity. ์๋ฌผ means living organisms, and ๋ค์์ฑ means diversity/variety. Together, the phrase means the variety of life. ๐งฌ
- ๋ณด์กด โ preservation/conservation. This emphasizes keeping something from disappearing, being damaged, or losing value. ๐ฟ
- ๋ณด์ โ conservation/preservation, often formal and policy-oriented. It is common in phrases like ์์ฐํ๊ฒฝ ๋ณด์ (conservation of the natural environment) and ์ํ๊ณ ๋ณด์ (ecosystem conservation). ๐๏ธ
- ๋ณดํธ โ protection. This is broader and more direct: protecting animals, habitats, regions, or resources from harm. ๐ก๏ธ
- ์ํ๊ณ โ ecosystem. It includes organisms, habitats, and the relationships among them. ์ํ๊ณ ๊ท ํ means ecosystem balance. โ๏ธ
- ๋ฉธ์ข โ extinction. ๋ฉธ์ข ์๊ธฐ์ข means endangered species โ species at risk of extinction. ๐
- ์์์ง โ habitat, the place where organisms live. ์์์ง ํ๊ดด means habitat destruction; ์์์ง ๋ณดํธ means habitat protection. ๐ณ
- ํ๊ฒฝ ๋ณดํธ โ environmental protection. This is a broader umbrella term; biodiversity preservation is one important part of it. ๐
๐ ๏ธ How They Work in a Sentence
- ์๋ฌผ ๋ค์์ฑ์ ๋ณด์กดํ๋ ค๋ฉด ์์์ง ํ๊ดด๋ฅผ ์ค์ฌ์ผ ํ๋ค.
(To preserve biodiversity, habitat destruction must be reduced.) ๐ณ
Notes: ๋ณด์กดํ๋ ค๋ฉด = in order to preserve, ์์์ง ํ๊ดด = habitat destruction, ์ค์ด๋ค = to reduce.
- ๋ฉธ์ข ์๊ธฐ์ข ๋ณดํธ๋ ์ํ๊ณ ๊ท ํ์ ์ ์งํ๋ ๋ฐ ์ค์ํ๋ค.
(Protecting endangered species is important for maintaining ecosystem balance.) ๐
Notes: ๋ฉธ์ข
์๊ธฐ์ข
= endangered species, ๋ณดํธ = protection, ์ ์งํ๋ค = to maintain.
- ํ๊ฒฝ ๋ณดํธ ์ ์ฑ ์ ์๋ฌผ ๋ค์์ฑ์ ์ฅ๊ธฐ์ ๋ณด์ ์ ๊ธฐ์ฌํ ์ ์๋ค.
(Environmental protection policies can contribute to the long-term conservation of biodiversity.) ๐
Notes: ์ ์ฑ
= policy, ์ฅ๊ธฐ์ = long-term, ๊ธฐ์ฌํ๋ค = to contribute.
๐งฉ General Formation Rule
This lesson is an advanced vocabulary lesson, so the useful โformationโ is about academic noun phrases and natural verb partners:
- ๋ช ์ฌ + ๋ณด์กด/๋ณด์ /๋ณดํธ = preservation/conservation/protection of that noun
Examples: ์๋ฌผ ๋ค์์ฑ ๋ณด์กด (biodiversity preservation), ์ํ๊ณ ๋ณด์ (ecosystem conservation), ์์์ง ๋ณดํธ (habitat protection).
- ๋ช ์ฌ + ํ๊ดด/๊ฐ์/์ํ = damage/loss/threat to that noun
Examples: ์์์ง ํ๊ดด (habitat destruction), ์ข
๊ฐ์ (species decline), ์ํ๊ณ ์ํ (threat to an ecosystem).
- -์/๋ฅผ ์ ์งํ๋ค/๋ณด์ ํ๋ค/๋ณดํธํ๋ค/๋ฐฉ์งํ๋ค = maintain/conserve/protect/prevent
These verbs create formal environmental arguments: ๊ท ํ์ ์ ์งํ๋ค (maintain balance), ์์ฐํ๊ฒฝ์ ๋ณด์ ํ๋ค (conserve the natural environment), ๋ฉธ์ข
์ ๋ฐฉ์งํ๋ค (prevent extinction). ๐
๐ Cross-check note
Key vocabulary and environmental terms were cross-checked against standard Korean dictionary and public terminology usage associated with korean.go.kr and Korean public environmental sources: ์๋ฌผ (living organism), ๋ค์์ฑ (diversity), ๋ณด์กด (preservation), ๋ณด์ (conservation), ๋ณดํธ (protection), ๋ฉธ์ข
(extinction), and ์์์ง (habitat). โ
๐ช Synonym Alert
- ๋ณด์กด (preservation/conservation) vs. ๋ณด์ (formal conservation/preservation) vs. ๋ณดํธ (protection). Use ๋ณด์ for policy or academic conservation, ๋ณด์กด for keeping value or existence intact, and ๋ณดํธ when shielding something from harm. ๐ก๏ธ
- ๋ฉธ์ข (extinction) vs. ๊ฐ์ (decrease/decline). ๊ฐ์ can be gradual and partial; ๋ฉธ์ข is the disappearance of a species. ๐พ
- ์์์ง (habitat) vs. ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ง (residence). Use ์์์ง for animals/plants and ecological contexts; use ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ง mainly for where people live. ๐ก
- ํ๊ฒฝ ๋ณดํธ (environmental protection) vs. ์๋ฌผ ๋ค์์ฑ ๋ณด์กด (biodiversity preservation). The first is broader; the second specifically focuses on preserving the variety of life. ๐
โ ๏ธ Pitfalls to Dodge
- โ ๋๋ฌผ ๋ค์์ฑ when discussing all life โ โ ์๋ฌผ ๋ค์์ฑ (Biodiversity includes plants, animals, microorganisms, genes, and ecosystems.)
- โ ์์์ง translated as โhuman residenceโ โ โ habitat (Use ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ง for human residence.)
- โ Treating ๋ณดํธ, ๋ณด์กด, and ๋ณด์ as identical โ โ Match the nuance: shield from harm, preserve existence/value, conserve formally.
- โ Saying biodiversity preservation is only about endangered animals โ โ It also includes habitats, genetic diversity, ecological relationships, and long-term ecosystem stability.
- โ Using ๋ณต์ when the sentence means prevention โ โ Use ๋ณด์กด or ๋ณด์ when the goal is to prevent loss before severe damage.
Preserve the tiny things, and the big systems have a fighting chance. That is the quiet superpower of ์๋ฌผ ๋ค์์ฑ ๋ณด์กด. ๐ฟ๐ฆ
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Try this exercise
Fill each blank with the most natural word or phrase from this lesson. Read the whole sentence, ask yourself whether the nuance is preservation, protection, or threat, then open the Answer toggle. ๐งญ
1. ๋ค์ํ ์๋ช
์ฒด์ ์กด์ฌ๋ฅผ ์งํค๋ ์ผ์ ์๋ฌผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ๋ณด์กด์ด๋ผ๊ณ ํ๋ค.
Protecting the existence of diverse living things is called biodiversity preservation. ๐งฌ
Answer
๋ค์์ฑ โ ์๋ฌผ ๋ค์์ฑ means biodiversity, the variety of living things.
2. ์ฒ์ด ์ฌ๋ผ์ง๋ฉด ๋ง์ ๋๋ฌผ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๊ฐ ํ๊ดด๋๋ค.
If forests disappear, many animalsโ habitats are destroyed. ๐ณ
Answer
์์์ง โ ์์์ง means habitat, where organisms live.
3. ์ฌ๋ผ์ง ์ํ์ด ํฐ ์ข
์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ์๊ธฐ์ข
์ด๋ผ๊ณ ๋ถ๋ฅธ๋ค.
A species at high risk of disappearing is called an endangered species. ๐
Answer
๋ฉธ์ข
โ ๋ฉธ์ข
์๊ธฐ์ข
means endangered species.
4. ์์ฐํ๊ฒฝ์ ์ฅ๊ธฐ์ ์ผ๋ก ์งํค๋ ๊ฒ์ ํ๊ฒฝ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ํต์ฌ์ด๋ค.
Protecting the natural environment over the long term is the core of environmental protection. ๐
Answer
๋ณดํธ โ ํ๊ฒฝ ๋ณดํธ is the broad phrase for environmental protection.
5. ์ํ๊ณ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด ๊นจ์ง๋ฉด ์ฌ๋ฌ ์ข
์ด ์ํฅ์ ๋ฐ๋๋ค.
If ecosystem balance is broken, many species are affected. โ๏ธ
Answer
๊ท ํ โ ์ํ๊ณ ๊ท ํ means ecosystem balance.
6. ํฌ๊ท ์๋ฌผ์ ์งํค๊ธฐ ์ํด ๋ณดํธ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ์ง์ ํ๋ค.
A protected area was designated to protect rare plants. ๐บ
Answer
๊ตฌ์ญ โ ๋ณดํธ ๊ตฌ์ญ means protected area.
7. ์ค์ผ ๋ฌผ์ง์ ํ์ฒ ์ํ๊ณ๋ฅผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ ์ ์๋ค.
Pollutants can threaten a river ecosystem. ๐๏ธ
Answer
์ํ โ ์ํํ๋ค means to threaten; the sentence uses the action noun before ํ๋ค.
8. ์๋ฌผ ๋ค์์ฑ ๋ณด์กด์ ๋ฏธ๋ ์ธ๋์ ์ถ์๋ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ๋ค.
Biodiversity preservation also contributes to the lives of future generations. ๐ถ
Answer
๊ธฐ์ฌ โ ๊ธฐ์ฌํ๋ค means to contribute.
9. ๋ฌด๋ถ๋ณํ ๊ฐ๋ฐ์ ์ข
์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋ฅผ ์ด๋ํ ์ ์๋ค.
Reckless development can cause species decline. ๐๏ธ
Answer
๊ฐ์ โ ์ข
์ ๊ฐ์ means a decline in species or species numbers.
10. ์ํ๊ณ ๋ณด์ ์ ๋จ๊ธฐ ์ด์ต๋ณด๋ค ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ๊ด์ ์ด ํ์ํ๋ค.
Ecosystem conservation requires a long-term perspective rather than short-term profit. ๐ญ
Answer
์ฅ๊ธฐ์ โ ์ฅ๊ธฐ์ ๊ด์ means a long-term perspective.
Vocabulary Box
- ์๋ฌผ ๋ค์์ฑ โ biodiversity
- ์๋ช ์ฒด โ living organism
- ๋ณด์กด โ preservation/conservation
- ์์์ง โ habitat
- ํ๊ดด๋๋ค โ to be destroyed
- ๋ฉธ์ข โ extinction
- ๋ฉธ์ข ์๊ธฐ์ข โ endangered species
- ํ๊ฒฝ ๋ณดํธ โ environmental protection
- ์ํ๊ณ โ ecosystem
- ๊ท ํ โ balance
- ๋ณดํธ ๊ตฌ์ญ โ protected area
- ์ค์ผ ๋ฌผ์ง โ pollutant
- ์ํํ๋ค โ to threaten
- ๊ธฐ์ฌํ๋ค โ to contribute
- ๋ฌด๋ถ๋ณํ ๊ฐ๋ฐ โ reckless development
- ๊ฐ์ โ decrease/decline
- ์ฅ๊ธฐ์ โ long-term
Tip ๐ก If the sentence is about preventing loss, think ๋ณด์กด or ๋ณด์ ; if it is about direct safety, think ๋ณดํธ.
Want more reps? Visit the Practice Hub when you're ready! The ecosystem of your vocabulary is getting beautifully diverse. ๐ฆ
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๐ฏ Practice Hub โ The Preservation of Biodiversity
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Welcome to the biodiversity preservation lab, where tiny organisms, policy nouns, and endangered tigers all get seats at the same vocabulary table. ๐
Youโll practice formal environmental Korean for preserving biodiversity, protecting habitats, preventing extinction, and explaining why ecosystem balance matters. ๐ฟ
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๐ Audio reminder: Use Korean Helper Widgets whenever long phrases like ์๋ฌผ ๋ค์์ฑ ๋ณด์กด or ๋ฉธ์ข
์๊ธฐ์ข
๋ณดํธ need a pronunciation check.
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๐ Instructions: Complete each sentence with the best Korean word or phrase. Focus on the nuance: is the sentence about preservation, protection, habitat, extinction, decline, or ecosystem balance? Say the completed sentence aloud, then check the Answer toggle. ๐
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Exercise 1 โ Biodiversity Core Terms ๐งฌ
A. ์๋ฌผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ๋ค์ํ ์๋ช
์ฒด๊ฐ ํจ๊ป ์กด์ฌํ๋ ์ํ๋ฅผ ๋ปํ๋ค.
Biodiversity means the state in which diverse living organisms exist together. ๐งฌ
Answer
๋ค์์ฑ โ ์๋ฌผ ๋ค์์ฑ is biodiversity.
B. ๋ฏธ์๋ฌผ๋ ์๋ฌผ ๋ค์์ฑ์ ์ค์ํ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด๋ค.
Microorganisms are also an important part of biodiversity. ๐ฆ
Answer
์ผ๋ถ โ ์ผ๋ถ means part; biodiversity is not only large animals and plants.
C. ์ ์ ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ์ข
์ด ํ๊ฒฝ ๋ณํ์ ์ ์ํ๋ ๋ฐ ๋์์ด ๋๋ค.
Genetic diversity helps species adapt to environmental change. ๐งฌ
Answer
๋ค์์ฑ โ ์ ์ ์ ๋ค์์ฑ means genetic diversity.
D. ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ์ฌ๋ฌ ์๋ฌผ์ด ์๋ก ๊ด๊ณ๋ฅผ ๋งบ๋ ์ฒด๊ณ์ด๋ค.
An ecosystem is a system in which many organisms are related to one another. ๐ธ๏ธ
Answer
์ํ๊ณ โ The full subject is ์ํ๊ณ, ecosystem; the sentence defines it.
E. ์๋ฌผ, ๋๋ฌผ, ๋ฏธ์๋ฌผ์ ๋ชจ๋ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ํฌํจ๋๋ค.
Plants, animals, and microorganisms are all included among living organisms. ๐ฑ
Answer
์๋ฌผ โ ์๋ฌผ means living organisms.
F. ๋ค์ํ ์ข
์ด ๊ณต์กดํ๋ฉด ์ํ๊ณ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ฑ์ด ๋์์ง ์ ์๋ค.
When diverse species coexist, ecosystem stability may increase. โ๏ธ
Answer
์์ โ ์์ ์ฑ means stability; biodiversity often supports ecosystem stability.
G. ํน์ ์๋ฌผ์ด ์ฌ๋ผ์ง๋ฉด ๋จน์ด ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด ํ๋ค๋ฆด ์ ์๋ค.
If a certain organism disappears, the food chain may be disturbed. ๐
Answer
์ฌ์ฌ โ ๋จน์ด ์ฌ์ฌ means food chain.
H. ์๋ฌผ ๋ค์์ฑ์ ์ํ๊ณ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ์ ์งํ๋ ๋ฐ ๊ธฐ์ฌํ๋ค.
Biodiversity contributes to maintaining ecosystem balance. โ๏ธ
Answer
๊ท ํ โ ์ํ๊ณ ๊ท ํ means ecosystem balance.
I. ํ ์ง์ญ์๋ง ์ฌ๋ ์ข
์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ข
์ด๋ผ๊ณ ๋ถ๋ฅธ๋ค.
A species that lives only in one region is called an endemic species. ๐๏ธ
Answer
๊ณ ์ โ ๊ณ ์ ์ข
means endemic species.
J. ์๋ฌผ ๋ค์์ฑ์ ๊ฐ์น๋ ๊ฒฝ์ ์ ๊ฐ์น๋ฟ ์๋๋ผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ๊ฐ์น๋ ํฌํจํ๋ค.
The value of biodiversity includes not only economic value but also ecological value. ๐ฟ
Answer
์ํ์ โ ์ํ์ ๊ฐ์น means ecological value.
Vocabulary Box
- ์๋ฌผ ๋ค์์ฑ โ biodiversity
- ์๋ช ์ฒด โ living organism
- ๋ฏธ์๋ฌผ โ microorganism
- ์ผ๋ถ โ part
- ์ ์ ์ ๋ค์์ฑ โ genetic diversity
- ์ข โ species
- ํ๊ฒฝ ๋ณํ โ environmental change
- ์ ์ํ๋ค โ to adapt
- ์ํ๊ณ โ ecosystem
- ์๋ฌผ โ living organism
- ๊ณต์กดํ๋ค โ to coexist
- ์์ ์ฑ โ stability
- ๋จน์ด ์ฌ์ฌ โ food chain
- ๊ท ํ โ balance
- ๊ณ ์ ์ข โ endemic species
- ์ํ์ ๊ฐ์น โ ecological value
Tip ๐ก Biodiversity includes more than visible animals: genes, microorganisms, habitats, and ecological relationships all matter.
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Exercise 2 โ Preservation, Conservation, Protection ๐ก๏ธ
A. ์๋ฌผ ๋ค์์ฑ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ๋ ค๋ฉด ์ฅ๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ๊ด๋ฆฌ๊ฐ ํ์ํ๋ค.
To preserve biodiversity, long-term management is necessary. ๐ฟ
Answer
๋ณด์กด โ ๋ณด์กดํ๋ค means to preserve; it fits keeping biodiversity from being lost.
B. ๊ตญ๋ฆฝ๊ณต์์ ์์ฐํ๊ฒฝ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ์ค์ํ ์ญํ ์ ํ๋ค.
National parks play an important role in conserving the natural environment. ๐๏ธ
Answer
๋ณด์ โ ์์ฐํ๊ฒฝ ๋ณด์ is a formal conservation phrase.
C. ํฌ๊ท ๋๋ฌผ์ ์ง์ ์ํ์์ ์งํค๋ ์ผ์ ๋๋ฌผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด๋ค.
Keeping rare animals safe from direct danger is animal protection. ๐พ
Answer
๋ณดํธ โ ๋ณดํธ emphasizes shielding something from harm.
D. ์ํ๊ณ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ๋ฏธ๋ ์ธ๋์ ์ถ๊ณผ๋ ์ฐ๊ฒฐ๋๋ค.
Ecosystem conservation is connected to the lives of future generations. ๐ถ
Answer
๋ณด์ โ ์ํ๊ณ ๋ณด์ sounds formal and policy-friendly.
E. ์จ์ ์ํ์ ์๋ฌผ ์์์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ๋ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ ์ค ํ๋์ด๋ค.
A seed bank is one method of preserving plant resources. ๐ฐ
Answer
๋ณด์กด โ ์์์ ๋ณด์กดํ๋ค means to preserve resources.
F. ๋ถ๋ฒ ํฌํ์ ๋ง๋ ์ ์ฑ
์ ์ผ์๋๋ฌผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ๋์์ด ๋๋ค.
Policies that prevent illegal capture help protect wildlife. ๐ฆ
Answer
๋ณดํธ โ Direct safety from harm or capture fits ๋ณดํธ.
G. ์ต์ง ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ๋ฌผ์์ ์์์ง๋ฅผ ์งํค๋ ๋ฐ ์ค์ํ๋ค.
Wetland conservation is important for protecting water birdsโ habitats. ๐ฆ
Answer
๋ณด์ โ ์ต์ง ๋ณด์ is natural in environmental policy.
H. ๋ฌธํ์ ์ฐ์ฒ๋ผ ์์ฐ์ ์ฐ๋ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ ๊ฐ์น๊ฐ ์๋ค.
Natural heritage, like cultural heritage, is worth preserving. ๐๏ธ
Answer
๋ณด์กด โ ๋ณด์กดํ ๊ฐ์น๊ฐ ์๋ค means something is worth preserving.
I. ๋ณดํธ ๊ตฌ์ญ ์ง์ ์ ์์์ง ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ํ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ์ด๋ค.
Designating protected areas is one method of habitat protection. ๐บ๏ธ
Answer
๋ณดํธ โ ์์์ง ๋ณดํธ means habitat protection.
J. ์ฅ๊ธฐ์ ๊ด์ ์์ ์๋ฌผ ๋ค์์ฑ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํด์ผ ํ๋ค.
From a long-term perspective, biodiversity must be conserved. ๐ญ
Answer
๋ณด์ โ ์๋ฌผ ๋ค์์ฑ์ ๋ณด์ ํ๋ค is a formal conservation expression.
Vocabulary Box
- ๋ณด์กดํ๋ค โ to preserve/conserve
- ์ฅ๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ๊ด๋ฆฌ โ long-term management
- ๊ตญ๋ฆฝ๊ณต์ โ national park
- ์์ฐํ๊ฒฝ ๋ณด์ โ conservation of the natural environment
- ์ญํ โ role
- ํฌ๊ท ๋๋ฌผ โ rare animal
- ๋ณดํธ โ protection
- ์ํ โ danger
- ์ํ๊ณ ๋ณด์ โ ecosystem conservation
- ๋ฏธ๋ ์ธ๋ โ future generation
- ์จ์ ์ํ โ seed bank
- ์๋ฌผ ์์ โ plant resources
- ๋ถ๋ฒ ํฌํ โ illegal capture
- ๋ง๋ค โ to prevent/block
- ์ผ์๋๋ฌผ ๋ณดํธ โ wildlife protection
- ์ต์ง ๋ณด์ โ wetland conservation
- ๋ฌผ์ โ water bird
- ์์ฐ์ ์ฐ โ natural heritage
- ๋ณดํธ ๊ตฌ์ญ ์ง์ โ designation of a protected area
- ์์์ง ๋ณดํธ โ habitat protection
Tip ๐ก ๋ณดํธ shields, ๋ณด์กด preserves, and ๋ณด์ sounds formal and conservation-focused.
ย
Exercise 3 โ Threats, Loss, and Extinction ๐พ
A. ๋๋ก ๊ฑด์ค์ ์ผ์๋๋ฌผ์ ์์์ง๋ฅผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ ์ ์๋ค.
Road construction can destroy wildlife habitat. ๐ฃ๏ธ
Answer
ํ๊ดด โ ์์์ง๋ฅผ ํ๊ดดํ๋ค means to destroy a habitat.
B. ๊ฐ์ฒด ์๊ฐ ๊ณ์ ์ค์ด๋๋ ํ์์ ๊ฐ์ฒด ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋ผ๊ณ ํ๋ค.
The phenomenon of the population continuing to shrink is called population decline. ๐
Answer
๊ฐ์ โ ๊ฐ์ฒด ์ ๊ฐ์ means population decline.
C. ํ ์ข
์ด ์์ ํ ์ฌ๋ผ์ง๋ ๊ฒ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด๋ค.
The complete disappearance of a species is extinction. ๐ฆฃ
Answer
๋ฉธ์ข
โ ๋ฉธ์ข
means extinction.
D. ์ธ๋์ข
์ ํ์ฐ์ ํ ์ฐฉ์ข
์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ ์ ์๋ค.
The spread of non-native species can threaten native species. ๐
Answer
์ํ โ ์ํํ๋ค means to threaten; here it explains ecological pressure.
E. ๊ธฐํ ๋ณํ๋ ์ฐํธ์ด ์ํ๊ณ์ ํฐ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ์ค๋ค.
Climate change puts great pressure on coral reef ecosystems. ๐ชธ
Answer
์๋ ฅ โ ์๋ ฅ์ ์ฃผ๋ค means to put pressure on something.
F. ๋์ฝ ์ฌ์ฉ์ ๊ณค์ถฉ ๋ค์์ฑ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋ฅผ ์ด๋ํ ์ ์๋ค.
Pesticide use can cause a decline in insect diversity. ๐
Answer
๊ฐ์ โ ๋ค์์ฑ์ ๊ฐ์ means a decline in diversity.
G. ์์์ง๊ฐ ์ฌ๋ฌ ์กฐ๊ฐ์ผ๋ก ๋๋๋ ํ์์ ์์์ง ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด๋ค.
The phenomenon in which a habitat is divided into several pieces is habitat fragmentation. ๐งฉ
Answer
๋จ์ โ ์์์ง ๋จ์ means habitat fragmentation or disconnection.
H. ํ๊ฒฝ ์ค์ผ์ ๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ์ ๋ฒ์์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ ์ ์๋ค.
Environmental pollution can disrupt fish reproduction. ๐
Answer
๋ฐฉํด โ ๋ฐฉํดํ๋ค means to disturb/interfere with.
I. ๋ฌด๋ถ๋ณํ ๊ฐ๋ฐ์ ์ํ๊ณ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ์ด๋ํ๋ค.
Reckless development causes ecosystem damage. ๐๏ธ
Answer
ํผ์ โ ์ํ๊ณ ํผ์ means ecological damage/degradation.
J. ๋ฉธ์ข
์๊ธฐ์ข
์ ๋ณดํธํ๋ ค๋ฉด ์ฃผ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ๋จผ์ ์ง์ผ์ผ ํ๋ค.
To protect endangered species, major habitats must be protected first. ๐ฒ
Answer
์์์ง โ Endangered species protection often starts with habitat protection.
Vocabulary Box
- ๋๋ก ๊ฑด์ค โ road construction
- ์ผ์๋๋ฌผ โ wildlife
- ์์์ง โ habitat
- ํ๊ดดํ๋ค โ to destroy
- ๊ฐ์ฒด ์ โ population number
- ๊ฐ์ โ decline/decrease
- ์ข โ species
- ๋ฉธ์ข โ extinction
- ์ธ๋์ข โ non-native/invasive species
- ํ์ฐ โ spread
- ํ ์ฐฉ์ข โ native species
- ์ํํ๋ค โ to threaten
- ๊ธฐํ ๋ณํ โ climate change
- ์ฐํธ์ด ์ํ๊ณ โ coral reef ecosystem
- ์๋ ฅ โ pressure
- ๋์ฝ ์ฌ์ฉ โ pesticide use
- ๊ณค์ถฉ ๋ค์์ฑ โ insect diversity
- ์์์ง ๋จ์ โ habitat fragmentation/disconnection
- ํ๊ฒฝ ์ค์ผ โ environmental pollution
- ๋ฒ์ โ reproduction
- ๋ฐฉํดํ๋ค โ to disturb/interfere with
- ๋ฌด๋ถ๋ณํ ๊ฐ๋ฐ โ reckless development
- ์ํ๊ณ ํผ์ โ ecological damage
Tip ๐ก Threat vocabulary often forms chains: ํ๊ดด โ ๊ฐ์ โ ๋ฉธ์ข
.
ย
Exercise 4 โ Policy and Long-Term Management ๐
A. ์ ๋ถ๋ ๋ณดํธ ๊ตฌ์ญ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํด ์์์ง ํผ์์ ๋ง์๋ค.
The government designated protected areas to prevent habitat damage. ๐บ๏ธ
Answer
์ง์ โ ๋ณดํธ ๊ตฌ์ญ์ ์ง์ ํ๋ค means to designate a protected area.
B. ์๋ฌผ ๋ค์์ฑ ๋ณด์กด์๋ ์ง์ญ ์ฃผ๋ฏผ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๊ฐ ํ์ํ๋ค.
Biodiversity preservation requires local residentsโ participation. ๐ฅ
Answer
์ฐธ์ฌ โ ์ฐธ์ฌ means participation.
C. ํ๊ฒฝ ๋ณดํธ ์ ์ฑ
์ ์ฅ๊ธฐ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๊ฐ ์์ด์ผ ํจ๊ณผ์ ์ด๋ค.
Environmental protection policy is effective when it has a long-term plan. ๐งญ
Answer
๊ณํ โ ์ฅ๊ธฐ์ ๊ณํ means long-term plan.
D. ๋ฉธ์ข
์๊ธฐ์ข
์ ๊ฑฐ๋๋ฅผ ์ ํํ๋ ๊ฒ์ ๋ถ๋ฒ ํฌํ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ๋ ๋ฐ ๋์์ด ๋๋ค.
Restricting trade in endangered species helps prevent illegal capture. ๐ซ
Answer
๋ฐฉ์ง โ ๋ฐฉ์งํ๋ค means to prevent.
E. ์ต์ง ๊ด๋ฆฌ๋ ์์ง ๊ฐ์ ๊ณผ ์๋ฌผ ๋ค์์ฑ ๋ณด์ ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ๋ค.
Wetland management contributes to water quality improvement and biodiversity conservation. ๐ง
Answer
๊ธฐ์ฌ โ ๊ธฐ์ฌํ๋ค means to contribute.
F. ํจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ์ ์ฑ
์ ๊ณผํ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ๊ทผ๊ฑฐํด์ผ ํ๋ค.
Effective policy should be based on scientific evidence. ๐ฌ
Answer
๊ทผ๊ฑฐ โ ๊ณผํ์ ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ means scientific evidence.
G. ๋ณดํธ ๊ตฌ์ญ์ ๊ด๋ฆฌ ๊ธฐ์ค์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํด์ผ ํ๋ค.
The management criteria for protected areas must be strengthened. ๐ช
Answer
๊ฐํ โ ๊ธฐ์ค์ ๊ฐํํ๋ค means to strengthen criteria.
H. ์ง์ ๊ฐ๋ฅํ ์ด์ฉ์ ๋ณด์กด๊ณผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ์ฌ์ด์ ๊ท ํ์ ์๊ตฌํ๋ค.
Sustainable use requires balance between preservation and use. โ๏ธ
Answer
์ด์ฉ โ ์ด์ฉ means use; the phrase contrasts preservation and use.
I. ์ํ ๊ด๊ด์ ์์ฐ ๋ณดํธ์ ์ง์ญ ๊ฒฝ์ ๋ฅผ ํจ๊ป ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ ์ ์๋ค.
Ecotourism can support both nature protection and the local economy. ๐ฅพ
Answer
์ง์ โ ์ง์ํ๋ค means to support.
J. ์๋ฌผ ์์ ์กฐ์ฌ๋ ๋ณด์กด ์ ์ฑ
์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ์๋ฃ๊ฐ ๋๋ค.
A biological resource survey becomes basic data for conservation policy. ๐
Answer
๊ธฐ์ด โ ๊ธฐ์ด ์๋ฃ means basic/foundational data.
Vocabulary Box
- ์ ๋ถ โ government
- ๋ณดํธ ๊ตฌ์ญ โ protected area
- ์ง์ ํ๋ค โ to designate
- ํผ์ โ damage/degradation
- ์ง์ญ ์ฃผ๋ฏผ โ local residents
- ์ฐธ์ฌ โ participation
- ํ๊ฒฝ ๋ณดํธ ์ ์ฑ โ environmental protection policy
- ์ฅ๊ธฐ์ ๊ณํ โ long-term plan
- ๊ฑฐ๋ โ trade/transaction
- ์ ํํ๋ค โ to restrict
- ๋ถ๋ฒ ํฌํ โ illegal capture
- ๋ฐฉ์งํ๋ค โ to prevent
- ์ต์ง ๊ด๋ฆฌ โ wetland management
- ์์ง ๊ฐ์ โ water quality improvement
- ๊ธฐ์ฌํ๋ค โ to contribute
- ๊ณผํ์ ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ โ scientific evidence
- ๊ด๋ฆฌ ๊ธฐ์ค โ management criteria
- ๊ฐํํ๋ค โ to strengthen
- ์ง์ ๊ฐ๋ฅํ ์ด์ฉ โ sustainable use
- ์ํ ๊ด๊ด โ ecotourism
- ์ง์ญ ๊ฒฝ์ โ local economy
- ์ง์ํ๋ค โ to support
- ์๋ฌผ ์์ ์กฐ์ฌ โ biological resource survey
- ๊ธฐ์ด ์๋ฃ โ basic/foundational data
Tip ๐ก Policy sentences often use action nouns: ์ง์ , ๋ฐฉ์ง, ๊ฐํ, ์ง์.
ย
Exercise 5 โ Mixed Mastery + Pitfall Patrol ๐ก๏ธ
A. โ ๋๋ฌผ ๋ค์์ฑ ๋ณด์กด โ โ
์๋ฌผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ๋ณด์กด
Fix the phrase: biodiversity preservation. ๐งฌ
Answer
๋ค์์ฑ โ Use ์๋ฌผ ๋ค์์ฑ, not just animal diversity, because biodiversity includes many forms of life.
B. โ ์ฌ๋์ ์์์ง โ โ
์ฌ๋์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ
Fix the word choice for human residence. ๐
Answer
๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ง โ ์์์ง is habitat for organisms in ecological contexts; ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ง is residence for people.
C. ๋ฉธ์ข
์๊ธฐ์ข
์ ์งํค๋ ค๋ฉด ์์์ง ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๊ฐ ์ฐ์ ๋์ด์ผ ํ๋ค.
To protect endangered species, habitat protection must come first. ๐
Answer
๋ณดํธ โ ์์์ง ๋ณดํธ is habitat protection.
D. ์ด๋ฏธ ํผ์๋ ์ฒ์ ๋์ด๋ฆฌ๋ ๊ฒ์ ๋ณด์กด๋ณด๋ค ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ๊ฐ๊น๋ค.
Reviving an already damaged forest is closer to restoration than preservation. ๐ฒ
Answer
๋ณต์ โ ๋ณต์ repairs what is already damaged; ๋ณด์กด prevents loss or maintains value.
E. ์๋ฌผ ๋ค์์ฑ ๋ณด์กด์ ์ํ๊ณ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ์ ์งํ๋ ๋ฐ ์ค์ํ๋ค.
Biodiversity preservation is important for maintaining ecosystem balance. โ๏ธ
Answer
๊ท ํ โ ์ํ๊ณ ๊ท ํ is a central reason biodiversity matters.
F. ์ธ๋์ข
ํ์ฐ์ ํ ์ฐฉ์ข
์ ์์กด์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ ์ ์๋ค.
The spread of non-native species can threaten native speciesโ survival. ๐
Answer
์ํ โ ์ํํ๋ค means to threaten.
G. ์๋ฌผ ๋ค์์ฑ์ ๊ฒฝ์ ์ ๊ฐ์น๋ฟ ์๋๋ผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ๊ฐ์น๋ ์ง๋๋ค.
Biodiversity has not only economic value but also ecological value. ๐ฟ
Answer
์ํ์ โ ์ํ์ ๊ฐ์น means ecological value.
H. ๋ณดํธ ๊ตฌ์ญ์ ์ง์ ํ๋ฉด ์ค์ํ ์์์ง๋ฅผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ ์ ์๋ค.
Designating protected areas can protect important habitats. ๐บ๏ธ
Answer
๋ณดํธ โ The action is direct protection from damage or loss.
I. ์ข
์ ๊ฐ์ฒด ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋ ๋ฉธ์ข
์ํ์ ๋์ผ ์ ์๋ค.
A decline in a speciesโ population can increase extinction risk. ๐
Answer
๊ฐ์ โ ๊ฐ์ฒด ์ ๊ฐ์ means population decline.
J. ์๋ฌผ ๋ค์์ฑ ๋ณด์กด์ ํ๊ฒฝ ๋ณดํธ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ์ธ ๊ณผ์ ์ด๋ค.
Biodiversity preservation is a core task of environmental protection. ๐ฏ
Answer
ํต์ฌ โ ํต์ฌ์ ์ธ ๊ณผ์ means a core task.
Vocabulary Box
- ๋๋ฌผ ๋ค์์ฑ โ animal diversity
- ์๋ฌผ ๋ค์์ฑ โ biodiversity
- ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ง โ human residence
- ์์์ง โ habitat
- ๋ฉธ์ข ์๊ธฐ์ข โ endangered species
- ์์์ง ๋ณดํธ โ habitat protection
- ํผ์๋ โ damaged
- ๋์ด๋ฆฌ๋ค โ to revive/bring back
- ๋ณต์ โ restoration
- ๋ณด์กด โ preservation
- ์ํ๊ณ ๊ท ํ โ ecosystem balance
- ์ธ๋์ข ํ์ฐ โ spread of non-native species
- ํ ์ฐฉ์ข โ native species
- ์์กด โ survival
- ์ํํ๋ค โ to threaten
- ์ํ์ ๊ฐ์น โ ecological value
- ๋ณดํธ ๊ตฌ์ญ โ protected area
- ์ง์ ํ๋ค โ to designate
- ๊ฐ์ฒด ์ ๊ฐ์ โ population decline
- ๋ฉธ์ข ์ํ โ extinction risk
- ํต์ฌ์ ์ธ ๊ณผ์ โ core task
Tip ๐ก Pitfall patrol rule: name the ecological object precisely, then choose whether the action is protection, preservation, or restoration.
ย
๐ Beautifully done โ your ์๋ฌผ ๋ค์์ฑ ๋ณด์กด vocabulary now has habitats, policies, endangered species, and ecological nuance living together in one healthy little language ecosystem. ๐ฆ๐ฟ