TL;DR ๐ฆ
- ๐ฑ ์นํ๊ฒฝ ์๋์ง์ ํ๋น์ฑ means whether green energy is reasonable and justified when environmental goals, technology, cost, and social conditions are all considered. (the feasibility/validity of green energy)
- ๐ธ ๊ฒฝ์ ์ฑ checks whether the long-term benefits, operating costs, investment burden, and efficiency make the energy plan financially persuasive. (economic viability)
- ๐งช ๊ธฐ์ ์ ํ๊ณ reminds us that clean energy still needs storage, grid stability, location planning, and reliable supply. (technical limitations)
๐ง Iru Helper Note โ Long phrases like ์นํ๊ฒฝ ์๋์ง์ ๊ฒฝ์ ์ฑ์ ๋ถ์ํ๋ค (to analyze the economic viability of green energy) can feel like they are wearing a tiny policy suit. Type them into Korean Helper Widgets to hear the rhythm clearly. โก
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๐ The Big Picture
์นํ๊ฒฝ ์๋์ง (green/environmentally friendly energy) sounds automatically positive, but advanced Korean discussion asks a sharper question: โIs it actually viable in this situation?โ ๐
That question has three lenses. ํ๋น์ฑ (validity / reasonableness) asks whether the plan makes sense. ๊ฒฝ์ ์ฑ (economic viability) asks whether the cost-benefit logic holds. ๊ธฐ์ ์ ํ๊ณ (technical limitations) asks whether the technology can provide stable, scalable power. ๐
A strong argument does not simply say โgreen energy is good.โ It explains why a project is promising, where it is limited, and what support is needed for the transition to work. That is the difference between a slogan and analysis. ๐ง
๐จ The Core Green Energy Feasibility Family
- ์นํ๊ฒฝ ์๋์ง = green / environmentally friendly energy; broader than ์ฌ์ ์๋์ง (renewable energy), because it emphasizes environmental benefit.
- ์ฌ์ ์๋์ง = renewable energy, such as ํ์๊ด (solar power), ํ๋ ฅ (wind power), and ์๋ ฅ (hydropower).
- ํ๋น์ฑ = validity / reasonableness; whether a project is justified.
- ๊ฒฝ์ ์ฑ = economic viability; whether costs, benefits, efficiency, and long-term value make sense.
- ๊ธฐ์ ์ ํ๊ณ = technical limitation; a technology-side constraint such as storage, transmission, or intermittency.
- ๊ฐํ์ฑ = intermittency; the problem that solar and wind output changes depending on weather and time.
- ์ ๋ ฅ๋ง ์์ ์ฑ = power-grid stability; whether electricity can be supplied reliably.
- ์ ์ฅ ๊ธฐ์ = storage technology; systems that store power for later use.
- ์ด๊ธฐ ํฌ์ ๋น์ฉ = initial investment cost; money needed before a project begins.
- ์ฅ๊ธฐ์ ํธ์ต = long-term benefit; benefits that appear over time, such as lower emissions or reduced fuel dependence.
๐ ๏ธ How They Work in a Sentence
- ์นํ๊ฒฝ ์๋์ง ์ฌ์ ์ ํ๋น์ฑ์ ํ๊ฒฝ ํจ๊ณผ๋ฟ ์๋๋ผ ์ง์ญ ์กฐ๊ฑด๊ณผ ๊ธฐ์ ์์ค์ ํจ๊ป ๊ณ ๋ คํด์ผ ํ๋ค. (The feasibility of a green energy project must consider not only environmental effects but also local conditions and technological level.) ๐ฑ
์ฌ์
= project/business, ์ง์ญ ์กฐ๊ฑด = local conditions, ๊ณ ๋ คํ๋ค = to consider.
- ์ด๊ธฐ ํฌ์ ๋น์ฉ์ด ๋๋๋ผ๋ ์ฅ๊ธฐ์ ํธ์ต์ด ํฌ๋ฉด ๊ฒฝ์ ์ฑ์ด ํ๋ณด๋ ์ ์๋ค. (Even if initial investment costs are high, economic viability can be secured if long-term benefits are large.) ๐ธ
๋๋ค = to be high, ํ๋ณด๋๋ค = to be secured.
- ํ์๊ด๊ณผ ํ๋ ฅ์ ๊ฐํ์ฑ์ด๋ผ๋ ๊ธฐ์ ์ ํ๊ณ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ํ๊ธฐ ์ํด ์ ์ฅ ๊ธฐ์ ์ด ํ์ํ๋ค. (Solar and wind need storage technology to compensate for the technical limitation called intermittency.) โ๏ธ๐ฌ๏ธ
๋ณด์ํ๋ค = to compensate for / supplement, ํ์ํ๋ค = to be necessary.
๐งฉ General Formation Rule
Advanced evaluation phrases often stack nouns into compact policy language:
- ์นํ๊ฒฝ (environmentally friendly) + ์๋์ง (energy) โ ์นํ๊ฒฝ ์๋์ง (green energy)
- ๊ธฐ์ ์ (technical) + ํ๊ณ (limitation) โ ๊ธฐ์ ์ ํ๊ณ (technical limitation)
- ์ ๋ ฅ๋ง (power grid) + ์์ ์ฑ (stability) โ ์ ๋ ฅ๋ง ์์ ์ฑ (power-grid stability)
- ๊ฒฝ์ (economy) + ์ฑ (quality/characteristic) โ ๊ฒฝ์ ์ฑ (economic viability)
Useful verb pairings:
- ํ๋น์ฑ์ ๊ฒํ ํ๋ค (to review validity/feasibility)
- ๊ฒฝ์ ์ฑ์ ๋ถ์ํ๋ค (to analyze economic viability)
- ๊ธฐ์ ์ ํ๊ณ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ํ๋ค (to compensate for technical limitations)
- ์ ๋ ฅ๋ง ์์ ์ฑ์ ํ๋ณดํ๋ค (to secure grid stability)
- ์ฅ๊ธฐ์ ํธ์ต์ ๊ณ ๋ คํ๋ค (to consider long-term benefits)
๐ Cross-check note
Core vocabulary and collocations such as ์นํ๊ฒฝ (environmentally friendly), ์๋์ง (energy), ํ๋น์ฑ (validity/feasibility), and ๊ฒฝ์ ์ฑ (economic viability) were cross-checked against ๊ตญ๋ฆฝ๊ตญ์ด์ / korean.go.kr usage and public Korean policy/research contexts. โ
๐ช Synonym Alert
- ์นํ๊ฒฝ ์๋์ง (green / environmentally friendly energy) โ broad, evaluative, emphasizes low environmental harm.
- ์ฌ์ ์๋์ง (renewable energy) โ specific category from naturally replenished sources.
- ์ ์ฌ์ ์๋์ง (new and renewable energy) โ common policy term in Korean public documents.
- ํ๋น์ฑ (validity / feasibility) โ whether the plan is reasonable and justified.
- ์คํ ๊ฐ๋ฅ์ฑ (realizability) โ whether the plan can realistically become real.
- ๊ฒฝ์ ์ฑ (economic viability) โ whether the economic logic is persuasive.
โ ๏ธ Pitfalls to Dodge
- โ ์นํ๊ฒฝ ์๋์ง = always perfectly feasible โ โ environmental value still needs technical, economic, and local-condition review.
- โ ๊ฒฝ์ ์ฑ = cheap price โ โ it means cost-benefit reasonableness, including long-term gains and operating costs.
- โ ์ฌ์ ์๋์ง and ์นํ๊ฒฝ ์๋์ง are always identical โ โ renewable energy is a specific category; green energy is broader and more evaluative.
- โ ๊ฐํ์ฑ is a minor detail โ โ intermittency can affect supply stability and storage needs.
- โ One successful pilot proves national feasibility โ โ scale, grid capacity, financing, regulation, and public acceptance still matter.
You can now discuss green energy like a careful analyst: hopeful about climate benefits, alert to costs, and allergic to magical thinking. ๐ฑโก๐ธ
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Try this exercise
Choose the best word or phrase for each blank. Focus on whether the sentence is testing environmental value, feasibility, economic logic, or technical limits.
1. ์นํ๊ฒฝ ์๋์ง ์ฌ์
์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ๊ฒํ ํ๋ ค๋ฉด ์ง์ญ ์กฐ๊ฑด์ ์ดํด๋ด์ผ ํ๋ค.
To review the feasibility of a green energy project, local conditions must be examined. ๐บ๏ธ
Answer
ํ๋น์ฑ โ The sentence is asking whether the project is reasonable and justified in context.
2. ์ด๊ธฐ ๋น์ฉ์ด ๋์๋ ์ฅ๊ธฐ์ ํธ์ต์ด ํฌ๋ฉด ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด ํ๋ณด๋ ์ ์๋ค.
Even if initial costs are high, economic viability can be secured if long-term benefits are large. ๐ธ
Answer
๊ฒฝ์ ์ฑ โ Cost-benefit logic points to economic viability.
3. ํ์๊ด ๋ฐ์ ์ ๋ ์จ์ ์ํฅ์ ๋ฐ๋ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ฑ์ด ์๋ค.
Solar power has intermittency because it is affected by weather. โ๏ธ
Answer
๊ฐํ โ ๊ฐํ์ฑ means intermittency.
4. ์ ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์์ ์ ์ผ๋ก ๊ณต๊ธํ๋ ค๋ฉด ์ ๋ ฅ๋ง ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด ์ค์ํ๋ค.
Power-grid stability is important for supplying electricity reliably. โก
Answer
์์ ์ฑ โ ์ ๋ ฅ๋ง ์์ ์ฑ means power-grid stability.
5. ๋จ๋ ์ ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ดํ๋ ค๋ฉด ์ ์ฅ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด ํ์ํ๋ค.
Storage technology is needed to keep surplus electricity. ๐
Answer
๊ธฐ์ โ ์ ์ฅ ๊ธฐ์ solves part of the intermittency problem.
6. ํ์ ์ฐ๋ฃ ์์กด๋๋ฅผ ์ค์ด๋ ๊ฒ์ ์นํ๊ฒฝ ์๋์ง์ ์ค์ํ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด๋ค.
Reducing dependence on fossil fuels is an important benefit of green energy. โฝ
Answer
ํธ์ต โ ํธ์ต means benefit.
7. ๊ธฐ์ ์ ํ๊ณ๋ฅผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ์ง ์์ผ๋ฉด ์์ ์ ๊ณต๊ธ์ด ์ด๋ ต๋ค.
If technical limitations are not compensated for, stable supply is difficult. ๐งช
Answer
๋ณด์ โ ๋ณด์ํ๋ค means to supplement or compensate for.
8. ์ ๋ถ ์ง์์ ์ด๊ธฐ ํฌ์ ๋ถ๋ด์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ ์ ์๋ค.
Government support can ease the initial investment burden. ๐๏ธ
Answer
์ํ โ ์ํํ๋ค means to ease or reduce intensity.
9. ํ๋ ฅ ๋ฐ์ ์ ์
์ง ์กฐ๊ฑด์ ๋ฐ๋ผ ํจ์จ์ด ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ง๋ค.
Wind power efficiency varies depending on site conditions. ๐ฌ๏ธ
Answer
๋ฌ๋ผ โ ๋ฌ๋ผ์ง๋ค means to vary or change.
10. ํ๋น์ฑ ๊ฒํ ๋ ํ๊ฒฝ ํจ๊ณผ์ ๊ฒฝ์ ์ฑ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ์ผ๋ก ๋ด์ผ ํ๋ค.
Feasibility review should examine environmental effects and economic viability comprehensively. ๐
Answer
์ข
ํฉ โ ์ข
ํฉ์ ์ผ๋ก ๋ณด๋ค means to examine comprehensively.
Vocabulary Box
- ์นํ๊ฒฝ ์๋์ง โ green energy
- ํ๋น์ฑ โ validity; feasibility
- ์ง์ญ ์กฐ๊ฑด โ local conditions
- ์ด๊ธฐ ๋น์ฉ โ initial cost
- ์ฅ๊ธฐ์ ํธ์ต โ long-term benefit
- ๊ฒฝ์ ์ฑ โ economic viability
- ๊ฐํ์ฑ โ intermittency
- ์ ๋ ฅ๋ง ์์ ์ฑ โ power-grid stability
- ์ ์ฅ ๊ธฐ์ โ storage technology
- ๋ณด์ํ๋ค โ to supplement; compensate for
- ์ํํ๋ค โ to ease; mitigate
- ๋ฌ๋ผ์ง๋ค โ to vary
- ์ข ํฉ์ ์ผ๋ก ๋ณด๋ค โ to examine comprehensively
Tip ๐ก Green energy analysis needs all three lenses: environmental value, economic viability, and technical reliability.
Want more reps? The Practice Hub below turns green-energy feasibility vocabulary into fluent analytical muscle. ๐ฑ
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๐ฏ Practice Hub โ The Feasibility of Green Energy
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Welcome to your green-energy feasibility workout. ๐ฑ You will practice weighing ํ๋น์ฑ (feasibility/validity), ๊ฒฝ์ ์ฑ (economic viability), and ๊ธฐ์ ์ ํ๊ณ (technical limitations) without falling into โsolar panels solve everything by Tuesdayโ energy. โก
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๐ Audio reminder: Use Korean Helper Widgets whenever long phrases like ์ ๋ ฅ๋ง ์์ ์ฑ์ ํ๋ณดํ๋ค (to secure grid stability) need a listening check.
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๐ Instructions: Complete each Korean sentence with the best vocabulary item. Read the English meaning, decide which analytical lens is being tested, then open the Answer toggle.
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Exercise 1 โ Feasibility and Justification ๐
A. ์ ํ์๊ด ๋จ์ง์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ๊ฒํ ํ๊ธฐ ์ํด ์ฃผ๋ฏผ ์๊ฒฌ์ ๋ค์๋ค.
Residentsโ opinions were heard to review the feasibility of the new solar complex. โ๏ธ
Answer
ํ๋น์ฑ โ Feasibility review includes social acceptance, not only technology.
B. ์ง์ญ ์กฐ๊ฑด์ด ๋ง์ง ์์ผ๋ฉด ์นํ๊ฒฝ ์๋์ง ์ฌ์
๋ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ๊ธฐ ์ด๋ ต๋ค.
If local conditions do not fit, even a green energy project is difficult to implement. ๐บ๏ธ
Answer
์ถ์ง โ ์ถ์งํ๋ค means to carry forward or implement a project.
C. ํ๊ฒฝ ํจ๊ณผ๊ฐ ํฌ๋๋ผ๋ ์ ์ฑ
๋ชฉํ์ ์๋จ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ฑ์ด ํ์ํ๋ค.
Even if environmental effects are large, suitability between policy goals and means is necessary. ๐งญ
Answer
์ ํฉ โ ์ ํฉ์ฑ means suitability or fit.
D. ์นํ๊ฒฝ ์๋์ง ์ ํ์ ์ถฉ๋ถํ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๊ฐ ์์ด์ผ ์ค๋๋ ฅ์ ์ป๋๋ค.
The transition to green energy gains persuasive power only when it has sufficient grounds. ๐ง
Answer
๊ทผ๊ฑฐ โ ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ means grounds or basis.
E. ์
์ง ๊ฐ๋ฑ์ ๋ฌด์ํ๋ฉด ์ฌ์
์ ์ ๋น์ฑ์ด ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋ ์ ์๋ค.
If site-location conflict is ignored, the projectโs legitimacy may be undermined. ๐๏ธ
Answer
ํผ์ โ ํผ์๋๋ค means to be damaged or undermined.
F. ํ๋น์ฑ ๊ฒํ ๋ ๊ธฐ์ , ๋น์ฉ, ํ๊ฒฝ ํจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ์ผ๋ก ๋ค๋ฃฌ๋ค.
Feasibility review handles technology, cost, and environmental effects comprehensively. ๐
Answer
์ข
ํฉ โ ์ข
ํฉ์ ์ผ๋ก means comprehensively.
G. ๊ณต๊ณต์ฑ์ด ์ฝํ๋ฉด ์นํ๊ฒฝ ์ฌ์
๋ ์ฌํ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ์ป๊ธฐ ์ด๋ ต๋ค.
If public value is weak, even a green project has difficulty gaining social support. ๐ค
Answer
์ง์ง โ ์ฌํ์ ์ง์ง means social support.
H. ์ฌ์
์ ์ ํ๊ฒฝ ์ํฅ๊ณผ ๊ฒฝ์ ์ ๋ถ๋ด์ ํจ๊ป ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํด์ผ ํ๋ค.
Environmental impact and economic burden must be considered together before the project. ๐
Answer
๊ณ ๋ ค โ ๊ณ ๋ คํ๋ค means to consider.
I. ๋จ๊ธฐ ์ฑ๊ณผ๋ง ๋ณด๋ฉด ์นํ๊ฒฝ ์๋์ง์ ์ฅ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ์น๊ฐ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋ ์ ์๋ค.
If only short-term results are considered, the long-term value of green energy may be underestimated. โณ
Answer
๊ณผ์ํ๊ฐ โ ๊ณผ์ํ๊ฐ๋๋ค means to be underestimated.
J. ์ ์ฑ
์ ํ๋น์ฑ์ ํ๊ฒฝ ๋ณดํธ์ ํ์ค ์กฐ๊ฑด์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์์ ๋์จ๋ค.
Policy feasibility comes from the balance between environmental protection and real-world conditions. โ๏ธ
Answer
๊ท ํ โ ๊ท ํ means balance.
Vocabulary Box
- ํ์๊ด ๋จ์ง โ solar complex
- ํ๋น์ฑ โ feasibility; validity
- ์ฃผ๋ฏผ ์๊ฒฌ โ residentsโ opinions
- ์ง์ญ ์กฐ๊ฑด โ local conditions
- ์ถ์งํ๋ค โ to implement; carry forward
- ์ ํฉ์ฑ โ suitability; fit
- ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ โ grounds; basis
- ์ ์ง ๊ฐ๋ฑ โ site-location conflict
- ํผ์๋๋ค โ to be undermined
- ์ข ํฉ์ ์ผ๋ก โ comprehensively
- ์ฌํ์ ์ง์ง โ social support
- ๊ณ ๋ คํ๋ค โ to consider
- ๊ณผ์ํ๊ฐ๋๋ค โ to be underestimated
- ๊ท ํ โ balance
Tip ๐ก ํ๋น์ฑ asks whether the project is justified under real conditions.
Exercise 2 โ Economic Viability ๐ธ
A. ์ด๊ธฐ ํฌ์ ๋น์ฉ์ด ๋๋ฌด ํฌ๋ฉด ์ฌ์
์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ฑ์ด ๋ฎ์์ง ์ ์๋ค.
If initial investment costs are too large, the projectโs economic viability may decrease. ๐งพ
Answer
๊ฒฝ์ โ ๊ฒฝ์ ์ฑ measures whether the money logic works.
B. ์ฐ๋ฃ๋น ์ ๊ฐ์ ์นํ๊ฒฝ ์๋์ง์ ์ฅ๊ธฐ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ํฌํจ๋๋ค.
Fuel-cost reduction is included in the long-term benefit of green energy. โฝ
Answer
ํธ์ต โ ์ฅ๊ธฐ์ ํธ์ต means long-term benefit.
C. ์ค์น ๋น์ฉ๊ณผ ์ ์ง ๋น์ฉ์ ํจ๊ป ๋ด์ผ ๊ฒฝ์ ์ฑ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๊ฐ ์ ํํ๋ค.
Economic viability evaluation is accurate only when installation and maintenance costs are examined together. ๐ ๏ธ
Answer
ํ๊ฐ โ ๊ฒฝ์ ์ฑ ํ๊ฐ means economic viability evaluation.
D. ์ ๋ถ ๋ณด์กฐ๊ธ์ ์ด๊ธฐ ๋ถ๋ด์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ์ฌ ๋์
์ ์ด์งํ๋ค.
Government subsidies ease the initial burden and promote adoption. ๐๏ธ
Answer
์ํ โ ์ํํ๋ค means to ease or mitigate.
E. ์ ๊ธฐ์๊ธ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๊ฐ ๋ถ์์ ํ๋ฉด ํฌ์ ์์ต์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ๊ธฐ ์ด๋ ต๋ค.
If the electricity-rate structure is unstable, investment returns are difficult to predict. ๐ฎ
Answer
์์ธก โ ์์ธกํ๋ค means to predict.
F. ์ฅ๊ธฐ ์ด์ ๋น์ฉ์ ์ค์ด๋ฉด ๊ฒฝ์ ์ฑ์ด ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋ ์ ์๋ค.
If long-term operating costs are reduced, economic viability can improve. ๐
Answer
๊ฐ์ โ ๊ฐ์ ๋๋ค means to improve.
G. ํ์ ๋ฐฐ์ถ ๊ฐ์๋ ์ง์ ์์ต์ด ์๋์ด๋ ์ฌํ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋ก ํ๊ฐ๋๋ค.
Carbon-emissions reduction is evaluated as social value even if it is not direct profit. ๐ซ๏ธ
Answer
๊ฐ์น โ ์ฌํ์ ๊ฐ์น means social value.
H. ๋น์ฉ ๋๋น ํจ๊ณผ๊ฐ ๋ฎ์ผ๋ฉด ๋์์ ๋ค์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํด์ผ ํ๋ค.
If cost-effectiveness is low, alternatives must be reviewed again. ๐
Answer
๊ฒํ โ ๊ฒํ ํ๋ค means to review.
I. ๋ฏผ๊ฐ ํฌ์๋ฅผ ์ ์นํ๋ ค๋ฉด ์์ต์ฑ์ด ์ด๋ ์ ๋ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋์ด์ผ ํ๋ค.
To attract private investment, profitability must be secured to some degree. ๐ผ
Answer
ํ๋ณด โ ํ๋ณด๋๋ค means to be secured.
J. ๊ฒฝ์ ์ฑ์ ๋จ์ํ ๊ฐ๊ฒฉ์ด ์๋๋ผ ๋น์ฉ๊ณผ ํธ์ต์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด๋ค.
Economic viability is not a simple price but a comparison of costs and benefits. โ๏ธ
Answer
๋น๊ต โ ๋น๊ต means comparison.
Vocabulary Box
- ์ด๊ธฐ ํฌ์ ๋น์ฉ โ initial investment cost
- ๊ฒฝ์ ์ฑ โ economic viability
- ์ฐ๋ฃ๋น ์ ๊ฐ โ fuel-cost reduction
- ์ฅ๊ธฐ์ ํธ์ต โ long-term benefit
- ์ค์น ๋น์ฉ โ installation cost
- ์ ์ง ๋น์ฉ โ maintenance cost
- ๊ฒฝ์ ์ฑ ํ๊ฐ โ economic viability evaluation
- ์ ๋ถ ๋ณด์กฐ๊ธ โ government subsidy
- ์ํํ๋ค โ to ease; mitigate
- ์์ธกํ๋ค โ to predict
- ๊ฐ์ ๋๋ค โ to improve
- ์ฌํ์ ๊ฐ์น โ social value
- ๊ฒํ ํ๋ค โ to review
- ํ๋ณด๋๋ค โ to be secured
- ๋น๊ต โ comparison
Tip ๐ก ๊ฒฝ์ ์ฑ is not โcheapnessโ; it is whether benefits justify costs over time.
Exercise 3 โ Technical Limits and Grid Stability ๐งช
A. ํ์๊ด๊ณผ ํ๋ ฅ์ ์ถ๋ ฅ์ ๋ ์จ์ ๋ฐ๋ผ ๋ฌ๋ผ์ง๋ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ฑ์ด ์๋ค.
Solar and wind output has intermittency because it changes depending on weather. ๐ฆ๏ธ
Answer
๊ฐํ โ ๊ฐํ์ฑ is the key technical limitation.
B. ์ ๋ ฅ ์์๊ฐ ๋์ ์๊ฐ์๋ ๊ณต๊ธ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ํ๋ณดํด์ผ ํ๋ค.
During high electricity demand, supply stability must be secured. โก
Answer
์์ ์ฑ โ ๊ณต๊ธ ์์ ์ฑ means supply stability.
C. ๋จ๋ ์ ๋ ฅ์ ์ ์ฅํ๋ ค๋ฉด ์๋์ง ์ ์ฅ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๊ฐ ํ์ํ๋ค.
Energy storage devices are needed to store surplus power. ๐
Answer
์ฅ์น โ ์๋์ง ์ ์ฅ ์ฅ์น means energy storage device.
D. ์ ๋ ฅ๋ง์ด ๋ก์ผ๋ฉด ์ฌ์ ์๋์ง ํ๋๊ฐ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋ ์ ์๋ค.
If the power grid is old, renewable energy expansion may be delayed. ๐ฐ๏ธ
Answer
์ง์ฐ โ ์ง์ฐ๋๋ค means to be delayed.
E. ์ก์ ์ค๋น๊ฐ ๋ถ์กฑํ๋ฉด ์์ฐ๋ ์ ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฉ๋ฆฌ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ๊ธฐ ์ด๋ ต๋ค.
If transmission facilities are insufficient, generated electricity is difficult to transmit far. ๐ผ
Answer
์ ์ก โ ์ ์กํ๋ค means to transmit.
F. ๊ธฐ์ ์ ํ๊ณ๋ ์ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฐ๋ฐ์ ํตํด ์ผ๋ถ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋ ์ ์๋ค.
Technical limitations can be partly overcome through research and development. ๐งฌ
Answer
๊ทน๋ณต โ ๊ทน๋ณต๋๋ค means to be overcome.
G. ํ๋ ฅ ๋ฐ์ ์ ๋ฐ๋์ ์ธ๊ธฐ์ ๋ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ์ ๋์ด ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ๋ค.
Wind power output fluctuates depending on wind strength. ๐ฌ๏ธ
Answer
๋ณ๋ โ ๋ณ๋ํ๋ค means to fluctuate.
H. ์ ๋ ฅ๋ง ์์ ์ฑ์ ํ๋ณดํ๋ ค๋ฉด ์์์ ๊ณต๊ธ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํด์ผ ํ๋ค.
To secure power-grid stability, demand and supply must be adjusted. ๐๏ธ
Answer
์กฐ์ โ ์กฐ์ ํ๋ค means to adjust.
I. ์ ์ฅ ๊ธฐ์ ์ด ๋ถ์กฑํ๋ฉด ๋ฐค ์๊ฐ๋์ ์ ๋ ฅ ๊ณต๊ธ์ด ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ง ์ ์๋ค.
If storage technology is insufficient, nighttime power supply may become unstable. ๐
Answer
๋ถ์์ ํด โ ๋ถ์์ ํด์ง๋ค means to become unstable.
J. ๊ธฐ์ ์ ํ๊ณ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ํด์ผ ์นํ๊ฒฝ ์๋์ง๊ฐ ์์ ์ ์ผ๋ก ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋ ์ ์๋ค.
Green energy can be supplied reliably only when technical limitations are compensated for. ๐
Answer
๊ณต๊ธ โ ๊ณต๊ธ๋๋ค means to be supplied.
Vocabulary Box
- ์ถ๋ ฅ โ output
- ๋ ์จ โ weather
- ๊ฐํ์ฑ โ intermittency
- ์ ๋ ฅ ์์ โ electricity demand
- ๊ณต๊ธ ์์ ์ฑ โ supply stability
- ์๋์ง ์ ์ฅ ์ฅ์น โ energy storage device
- ์ ๋ ฅ๋ง โ power grid
- ์ง์ฐ๋๋ค โ to be delayed
- ์ก์ ์ค๋น โ transmission facility
- ์ ์กํ๋ค โ to transmit
- ๊ทน๋ณต๋๋ค โ to be overcome
- ๋ณ๋ํ๋ค โ to fluctuate
- ์กฐ์ ํ๋ค โ to adjust
- ๋ถ์์ ํด์ง๋ค โ to become unstable
- ๊ณต๊ธ๋๋ค โ to be supplied
Tip ๐ก Technical feasibility often depends on storage, transmission, demand management, and grid stability.
Exercise 4 โ Policy Conditions and Social Adoption ๐๏ธ
A. ์นํ๊ฒฝ ์๋์ง ํ๋์๋ ์ ๋์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด ๋ท๋ฐ์นจ๋์ด์ผ ํ๋ค.
Green energy expansion must be supported by institutional support. ๐๏ธ
Answer
์ง์ โ ์ ๋์ ์ง์ means institutional support.
B. ์ง์ญ ์ฃผ๋ฏผ๊ณผ์ ์ํต์ด ๋ถ์กฑํ๋ฉด ์์ฉ์ฑ์ด ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ง ์ ์๋ค.
If communication with local residents is insufficient, acceptance may decrease. ๐ฃ๏ธ
Answer
๋ฎ์ โ ๋ฎ์์ง๋ค means to become lower.
C. ์ ํ ๋น์ฉ์ ๊ณต์ ํ๊ฒ ๋๋๋ ๊ฒ์ ์ฌํ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ๊ด๋ จ๋๋ค.
Fairly sharing transition costs is related to social equity. โ๏ธ
Answer
ํํ์ฑ โ ํํ์ฑ means equity or fairness.
D. ์ฅ๊ธฐ ๋ชฉํ๊ฐ ๋ช
ํํด์ผ ๋ฏผ๊ฐ ๊ธฐ์
์ ํฌ์๊ฐ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋๋ค.
Private-company investment is promoted when long-term goals are clear. ๐ข
Answer
์ด์ง โ ์ด์ง๋๋ค means to be promoted.
E. ๊ท์ ๊ฐ ์์ฃผ ๋ฐ๋๋ฉด ์ฌ์
์์ ๋ถํ์ค์ฑ์ด ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ๋ค.
If regulations change often, business operatorsโ uncertainty increases. ๐ฒ
Answer
์ฆ๊ฐ โ ์ฆ๊ฐํ๋ค means to increase.
F. ์ ๋ถ๋ ์นํ๊ฒฝ ์๋์ง ๋ณด๊ธ์ ์ํด ์ธ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ์ ๊ณตํ๋ค.
The government provided tax benefits to expand green energy adoption. ๐งพ
Answer
ํํ โ ์ธ์ ํํ means tax benefit.
G. ์๋ฏผ ์ฐธ์ฌ๊ฐ ๋์ด๋๋ฉด ์ ์ฑ
์ ์ ๋ขฐ์ฑ์ด ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋ ์ ์๋ค.
If citizen participation increases, policy reliability can be strengthened. ๐ฅ
Answer
๊ฐํ โ ๊ฐํ๋๋ค means to be strengthened.
H. ์๋์ง ์ ํ์ ์ฐ์
๊ตฌ์กฐ์ ๋ณํ๊น์ง ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ๋ค.
Energy transition includes changes in industrial structure as well. ๐ญ
Answer
ํฌํจ โ ํฌํจํ๋ค means to include.
I. ๊ณต์ ํ ๋ณด์ ์์ด๋ ์ง์ญ ๊ฐ๋ฑ์ด ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋ ์ ์๋ค.
Without fair compensation, local conflict may intensify. ๐ฅ
Answer
์ฌํ โ ์ฌํ๋๋ค means to deepen or intensify.
J. ์ ์ฑ
์ ์ง์์ฑ์ ํ๋ณดํ๋ ค๋ฉด ์ด๋น์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๊ฐ ํ์ํ๋ค.
Bipartisan cooperation is needed to secure policy continuity. ๐ค
Answer
ํ๋ ฅ โ ์ด๋น์ ํ๋ ฅ means bipartisan cooperation.
Vocabulary Box
- ์ ๋์ ์ง์ โ institutional support
- ์ง์ญ ์ฃผ๋ฏผ โ local residents
- ์์ฉ์ฑ โ acceptance
- ๋ฎ์์ง๋ค โ to become lower
- ์ ํ ๋น์ฉ โ transition cost
- ํํ์ฑ โ equity; fairness
- ๋ฏผ๊ฐ ๊ธฐ์ โ private company
- ์ด์ง๋๋ค โ to be promoted
- ๊ท์ โ regulation
- ๋ถํ์ค์ฑ โ uncertainty
- ์ธ์ ํํ โ tax benefit
- ๊ฐํ๋๋ค โ to be strengthened
- ํฌํจํ๋ค โ to include
- ์ฌํ๋๋ค โ to deepen; intensify
- ์ด๋น์ ํ๋ ฅ โ bipartisan cooperation
Tip ๐ก A technically possible energy plan can still fail without social acceptance and stable policy support.
Exercise 5 โ Mixed Mastery + Pitfall Patrol ๐ก๏ธ
A. ์นํ๊ฒฝ์ด๋ผ๋ ์ด์ ๋ง์ผ๋ก ์ฌ์
์ ํ๋น์ฑ์ด ์๋์ผ๋ก ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋๋ ๊ฒ์ ์๋๋ค.
A projectโs feasibility is not automatically secured just because it is green. ๐ฑ
Answer
ํ๋ณด โ โ green = automatically feasible โ โ
feasibility requires real review of cost, technology, and conditions.
B. ๊ฐ์ฅ ์ผ ๋ฐฉ์์ด ํญ์ ๊ฒฝ์ ์ฑ์ด ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ๊ฒ์ ์๋๋ค.
The cheapest method is not always the one with high economic viability. ๐ท๏ธ
Answer
๋์ โ โ economic viability = cheapness โ โ
quality, maintenance cost, risk, and benefit also matter.
C. ์ฌ์ ์๋์ง์ ์นํ๊ฒฝ ์๋์ง๋ฅผ ์์ ํ ๊ฐ์ ๋ป์ผ๋ก ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ๋ฉด ์ ๋๋ค.
Renewable energy and green energy should not be understood as completely the same meaning. ๐
Answer
์ดํด โ โ identical terms โ โ
์ฌ์ ์๋์ง is a specific category, while ์นํ๊ฒฝ ์๋์ง is broader.
D. ๊ฐํ์ฑ์ ๋ฌด์ํ๋ฉด ์ ๋ ฅ ๊ณต๊ธ ์์ ์ฑ์ด ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋ ์ ์๋ค.
If intermittency is ignored, power-supply stability may be undermined. โก
Answer
ํผ์ โ โ intermittency is minor โ โ
it directly affects stable supply and storage needs.
E. ํ ์ง์ญ์ ์ฑ๊ณต ์ฌ๋ก๋ง์ผ๋ก ์ ๊ตญ ํ๋์ ํ๋น์ฑ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ๊ธฐ ์ด๋ ต๋ค.
It is difficult to prove the feasibility of nationwide expansion with only one local success case. ๐บ๏ธ
Answer
์
์ฆ โ โ one pilot proves everything โ โ
scale, grid capacity, finance, and regulation still matter.
F. ๊ธฐ์ ์ ํ๊ณ๋ ์ ์ฅ ๊ธฐ์ ๊ณผ ์ ๋ ฅ๋ง ๊ฐ์ ์ผ๋ก ์ผ๋ถ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ ์ ์๋ค.
Technical limitations can be partly compensated for with storage technology and grid improvement. ๐
Answer
๋ณด์ โ ๋ณด์ํ๋ค means to compensate for or supplement a weakness.
G. ์ฅ๊ธฐ์ ํธ์ต์ ๊ณ ๋ คํ์ง ์์ผ๋ฉด ๊ฒฝ์ ์ฑ ํ๊ฐ๊ฐ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋ ์ ์๋ค.
If long-term benefits are not considered, economic viability evaluation may be distorted. ๐
Answer
์๊ณก โ Cost-only thinking can distort the evaluation.
H. ์ฃผ๋ฏผ ์์ฉ์ฑ์ด ๋ฎ์ผ๋ฉด ์นํ๊ฒฝ ์์ค๋ ์ง์ญ ๊ฐ๋ฑ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ ์ ์๋ค.
If resident acceptance is low, even green facilities can intensify local conflict. ๐๏ธ
Answer
์ฌํ โ Social feasibility matters; clean technology still occupies real places.
I. ํ๋นํ ์ ์ฑ
์ ํ๊ฒฝ ํจ๊ณผ, ๊ฒฝ์ ์ฑ, ๊ธฐ์ ์์ ์ฑ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ์ผ๋ก ๋ณธ๋ค.
A valid policy examines environmental effects, economic viability, and technical stability comprehensively. ๐งญ
Answer
์ข
ํฉ โ ์ข
ํฉ์ ์ผ๋ก ๋ณด๋ค is the analytical stance of this lesson.
J. ์นํ๊ฒฝ ์๋์ง์ ํ์ค์ ๋์
์๋ ์ด์๊ณผ ์กฐ๊ฑด์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด ํ์ํ๋ค.
Realistic adoption of green energy requires balance between ideals and conditions. โ๏ธ
Answer
๊ท ํ โ The best analysis is optimistic but not naรฏve: climate goals need practical conditions.
Vocabulary Box
- ์นํ๊ฒฝ โ environmentally friendly
- ํ๋น์ฑ โ feasibility; validity
- ํ๋ณด๋๋ค โ to be secured
- ๊ฒฝ์ ์ฑ โ economic viability
- ์ดํดํ๋ค โ to understand
- ์ฌ์ ์๋์ง โ renewable energy
- ๊ฐํ์ฑ โ intermittency
- ๊ณต๊ธ ์์ ์ฑ โ supply stability
- ํผ์๋๋ค โ to be undermined
- ์ฑ๊ณต ์ฌ๋ก โ success case
- ์ ์ฆํ๋ค โ to prove
- ๋ณด์ํ๋ค โ to compensate for
- ์๊ณก๋๋ค โ to be distorted
- ์ฃผ๋ฏผ ์์ฉ์ฑ โ resident acceptance
- ์ฌํํ๋ค โ to intensify
- ์ข ํฉ์ ์ผ๋ก ๋ณด๋ค โ to examine comprehensively
- ๊ท ํ โ balance
Tip ๐ก Pitfall patrol: do not confuse climate value with automatic feasibility, or low price with true economic viability.
ย
๐ Excellent work โ you can now discuss ์นํ๊ฒฝ ์๋์ง์ ํ๋น์ฑ (the feasibility of green energy) with both hope and discipline: climate benefits, cost logic, storage, grid stability, and social acceptance all in one clean analytical toolkit. ๐ฑโก