TL;DR ๐ฆ
- ๐งญ ์ ๋ต์ ์์ means strategic philanthropy: donating money, time, expertise, or resources with clear goals and measurable social impact.
- ๐ฑ The core idea is not โgiving moreโ but giving in a way that creates sustainable help โ ์ง์ ๊ฐ๋ฅํ ์์กฐ (sustainable aid) instead of short-lived support.
- โ๏ธ This vocabulary cluster pairs naturally with ์ฌํ์ ๊ธฐ์ฌ (social contribution), ํจ์จ์ฑ (efficiency), ์ฑ๊ณผ ์ธก์ (impact measurement), and ์ํ์ ์ค์ฌ (beneficiary-centered).
๐ง Iru Helper Note โ Type any Korean word or sentence from this lesson into Korean Helper Widgets to hear it read aloud. Advanced public-interest vocabulary like ์์ (charity), ๊ธฐ์ฌ (contribution), and ์์กฐ (aid) sounds much friendlier after your ears have shaken hands with it. ๐ค
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๐ The Big Picture
์ ๋ต์ ์์ (strategic philanthropy) is the language of purposeful giving. It describes philanthropy that uses research, priorities, partnerships, and evaluation so that donations lead to long-term social benefit rather than a brief burst of goodwill. ๐งญ
The phrase usually appears in policy, nonprofit, corporate social responsibility, and social-impact discussions. A company, foundation, or individual may support education, health care, housing, climate action, or community programs โ but the โstrategicโ part means the support is connected to clear goals, not random generosity confetti. ๐
The keywords in this lesson help you discuss both the heart and the architecture of giving: ์ฌํ์ ๊ธฐ์ฌ (social contribution) names the public value, ํจ์จ์ฑ (efficiency) asks whether resources are used well, and ์ง์ ๊ฐ๋ฅํ ์์กฐ (sustainable aid) asks whether the help can keep working after the first donation is gone. ๐ฑ
๐จ The Core Strategic Philanthropy Family
- ์ ๋ต์ ์์ โ strategic philanthropy. ์์ means charity or philanthropy; ์ ๋ต์ adds the idea of planned, goal-driven, evidence-aware giving. ๐งญ
- ์ฌํ์ ๊ธฐ์ฌ โ social contribution. Use this when discussing how an organization or person benefits society through money, expertise, volunteer work, programs, or partnerships. ๐ค
- ํจ์จ์ฑ โ efficiency. In this topic, it means using limited funds, people, and time in ways that reduce waste and increase impact. โ๏ธ
- ์ง์ ๊ฐ๋ฅํ ์์กฐ โ sustainable aid. ์ง์ ๊ฐ๋ฅํ๋ค means to be sustainable; ์์กฐ means aid or assistance. Together, the phrase points to support that strengthens long-term capacity rather than creating dependency. ๐ฑ
- ์ํ์ โ beneficiary/recipient of support. ์ํ์ ์ค์ฌ means beneficiary-centered: designed around the people who actually receive and use the support. ๐งโ๐คโ๐ง
- ์ฑ๊ณผ ์ธก์ โ impact/performance measurement. In philanthropy, this means checking whether the program produced real results, not just a pretty annual-report photo. ๐
๐ ๏ธ How They Work in a Sentence
- ์ฌ๋จ์ ๊ต์ก ๊ฒฉ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์ค์ด๊ธฐ ์ํด ์ ๋ต์ ์์ ์ฌ์ ์ ํ๋ํ๋ค.
(The foundation expanded its strategic philanthropy program to reduce educational inequality.) ๐
Notes: ์ฌ๋จ = foundation, ๊ต์ก ๊ฒฉ์ฐจ = educational inequality/gap, ์ค์ด๋ค = to reduce, ์ฌ์
= project/program, ํ๋ํ๋ค = to expand.
- ๊ธฐ์ ์ ์ฌํ์ ๊ธฐ์ฌ๋ ๋จ์ํ ๊ธฐ๋ถ๋ณด๋ค ์ฅ๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ์ฑ ์๊ณผ ์ฐ๊ฒฐ๋๋ค.
(A companyโs social contribution is connected to long-term responsibility rather than simple donation.) ๐ข
Notes: ๊ธฐ์
= company, ๋จ์ํ ๊ธฐ๋ถ = simple donation, ์ฅ๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ์ฑ
์ = long-term responsibility, ์ฐ๊ฒฐ๋๋ค = to be connected.
- ์ง์ ๊ฐ๋ฅํ ์์กฐ๋ ์ง์ญ ์ฌํ์ ์๋ฆฝ ์ญ๋์ ํค์ฐ๋ ๋ฐ ์ด์ ์ ๋๋ค.
(Sustainable aid focuses on building a local communityโs capacity for self-reliance.) ๐ฟ
Notes: ์ง์ญ ์ฌํ = local community, ์๋ฆฝ ์ญ๋ = capacity for self-reliance, ํค์ฐ๋ค = to grow/develop, ์ด์ ์ ๋๋ค = to focus on.
๐งฉ General Formation Rule
This lesson is an advanced vocabulary cluster, so the โformationโ is about noun combinations and natural collocations:
- ์ ๋ต์ + ๋ช ์ฌ = strategic + noun
Examples: ์ ๋ต์ ์์ (strategic philanthropy), ์ ๋ต์ ๊ธฐ๋ถ (strategic donation), ์ ๋ต์ ํํธ๋์ญ (strategic partnership).
- ์ฌํ์ + ๋ช ์ฌ = social + noun
Examples: ์ฌํ์ ๊ธฐ์ฌ (social contribution), ์ฌํ์ ์ฑ
์ (social responsibility), ์ฌํ์ ์ํฅ (social impact).
- ๋ช ์ฌ + ์ค์ฌ = centered on that noun
Examples: ์ํ์ ์ค์ฌ (beneficiary-centered), ์ง์ญ ์ฌํ ์ค์ฌ (community-centered), ๋ฌธ์ ํด๊ฒฐ ์ค์ฌ (problem-solving-centered).
- ์ฑ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ธก์ ํ๋ค/ํ๊ฐํ๋ค = to measure/evaluate results or impact
This phrase is useful when arguing that philanthropy should be accountable, not merely well-intentioned. ๐
๐ Cross-check note
Key vocabulary and spacing patterns in this lesson were cross-checked against standard Korean dictionary and usage resources from the National Institute of Korean Language at korean.go.kr, including ์์ (charity/philanthropy), ๊ธฐ์ฌ (contribution), ํจ์จ์ฑ (efficiency), ์์กฐ (aid), and the registered professional expression ์ง์ ๊ฐ๋ฅํ ๊ฐ๋ฐ (sustainable development). โ
๐ช Synonym Alert
- ์์ (charity/philanthropy) vs. ๊ธฐ๋ถ (donation). ๊ธฐ๋ถ is the act of giving money or goods; ์์ is the broader charitable purpose or activity. ๐
- ์์กฐ (aid/assistance) vs. ์ง์ (support). ์์กฐ often sounds formal and large-scale, especially in international, humanitarian, or development contexts; ์ง์ is broader and common for practical support. ๐
- ๊ธฐ์ฌ (contribution) vs. ๊ณตํ (contribution/service, often more formal or weighty). ์ฌํ์ ๊ธฐ์ฌ is common and neutral; ์ฌํ ๊ณตํ is often used in corporate social responsibility contexts. ๐ข
- ํจ์จ์ฑ (efficiency as a noun) vs. ํจ๊ณผ์ฑ (effectiveness). ํจ์จ์ฑ asks โWas there little waste?โ while ํจ๊ณผ์ฑ asks โDid it actually work?โ โ๏ธ
โ ๏ธ Pitfalls to Dodge
- โ ์ ๋ต์ ์ธ ์์ as the default fixed phrase โ โ ์ ๋ต์ ์์ (For abstract policy/business terms, ์ ๋ต์ is the compact modifier.)
- โ ํจ์จ์ ์ ๋์ด๋ค โ โ ํจ์จ์ฑ์ ๋์ด๋ค (ํจ์จ์ฑ is the noun you can improve.)
- โ Treating ๊ธฐ๋ถ and ์์ as identical โ โ ๊ธฐ๋ถ is the giving act; ์์ is the charitable purpose/activity.
- โ Translating ์ง์ ๊ฐ๋ฅํ ์์กฐ as โaid that lasts foreverโ โ โ It means aid designed for long-term sustainability and self-reliance.
- โ Ignoring ์ํ์ โ โ Strategic philanthropy should consider actual beneficiaries, not only donor branding.
Strategic philanthropy is generosity wearing hiking boots: kind, practical, and ready for the long road. ๐ฅพ๐ฑ
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Try this exercise
Read each sentence and fill the blank with the most natural word or phrase from this lesson. Focus on nuance: are we talking about the act of giving, the social purpose, efficiency, sustainability, or the people receiving support? Then open the Answer toggle. ๐ฏ
1. ์ฌ๋จ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ์์ ์ ํตํด ๊ต์ก ๋ฌธ์ ๋ฅผ ํด๊ฒฐํ๋ ค ํ๋ค.
The foundation tried to solve education problems through strategic philanthropy. ๐
Answer
์ ๋ต์ โ ์ ๋ต์ ์์ means planned, goal-driven philanthropy.
2. ๊ธฐ์
์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ๊ธฐ์ฌ๋ ์ง์ญ ์ฌํ์์ ์ ๋ขฐ๋ฅผ ๋์ธ๋ค.
A companyโs social contribution increases trust with the local community. ๐ข
Answer
์ฌํ์ โ ์ฌํ์ ๊ธฐ์ฌ means social contribution.
3. ํ์ ๋ ๊ธฐ๋ถ๊ธ์ ์ ์ฐ๋ ค๋ฉด ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ๋์ฌ์ผ ํ๋ค.
To use limited donations well, efficiency must be improved. ๐ฐ
Answer
ํจ์จ์ฑ โ Use the noun ํจ์จ์ฑ with ๋์ด๋ค (to improve/raise).
4. ๋จ๊ธฐ ์ง์๋ณด๋ค ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ๊ฐ๋ฅํ ์์กฐ๊ฐ ๋ ์ค์ํ๋ค.
Sustainable aid is more important than short-term support. ๐ฑ
Answer
์ง์ โ ์ง์ ๊ฐ๋ฅํ ์์กฐ means sustainable aid.
5. ํ๋ก๊ทธ๋จ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ์ค์ฌ์ผ๋ก ์ค๊ณ๋์ด์ผ ํ๋ค.
The program should be designed around beneficiaries. ๐งโ๐คโ๐ง
Answer
์ํ์ โ ์ํ์ ์ค์ฌ means beneficiary-centered.
6. ์ข์ ์๋๋ง์ผ๋ก๋ ๋ถ์กฑํ๊ณ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ์ธก์ ๋ ํ์ํ๋ค.
Good intentions are not enough; impact measurement is also necessary. ๐
Answer
์ฑ๊ณผ โ ์ฑ๊ณผ ์ธก์ means measuring results or impact.
7. ๋ฌผํ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋ ์์ ํ๋์ ํ ๋ฐฉ์์ด๋ค.
Donating goods is one method of charitable activity. ๐
Answer
๊ธฐ๋ถ โ ๊ธฐ๋ถ is the act of donation.
8. ๊ตญ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋ ์ฌ๋ ์ดํ ๊ธด๊ธํ๊ฒ ์ด๋ฃจ์ด์ก๋ค.
International aid was carried out urgently after the disaster. ๐
Answer
์์กฐ โ ์์กฐ fits formal aid, especially in humanitarian or international contexts.
9. ์ง์ญ ์ฌํ์ ์๋ฆฝ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ํค์ฐ๋ ๊ฒ์ด ๋ชฉํ๋ค.
The goal is to build the local communityโs capacity for self-reliance. ๐ฟ
Answer
์ญ๋ โ ์๋ฆฝ ์ญ๋ means capacity for self-reliance.
10. ์ฌํ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ํ๋์ ๊ธฐ์
์ด๋ฏธ์ง๋ง์ ์ํ ๊ฒ์ด ์๋๋ค.
Corporate social contribution activities are not only for company image. ๐ค
Answer
๊ณตํ โ ์ฌํ ๊ณตํ is common in corporate social responsibility contexts.
Vocabulary Box
- ์ ๋ต์ โ strategic
- ์์ โ charity/philanthropy
- ์ฌํ์ โ social
- ๊ธฐ์ฌ โ contribution
- ํจ์จ์ฑ โ efficiency
- ์ง์ ๊ฐ๋ฅํ โ sustainable
- ์์กฐ โ aid/assistance
- ์ํ์ โ beneficiary
- ์ฑ๊ณผ ์ธก์ โ impact/results measurement
- ๊ธฐ๋ถ โ donation
- ์๋ฆฝ ์ญ๋ โ capacity for self-reliance
- ์ฌํ ๊ณตํ โ social contribution/service
Tip ๐ก Ask: Is the sentence about giving, helping, measuring, sustaining, or benefiting?
Want more reps? Visit the Practice Hub when you're ready! Your generosity vocabulary is about to become both kind and terrifyingly organized. ๐๐ฑ
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๐ฏ Practice Hub โ Strategic Philanthropy
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Welcome to the strategic philanthropy gym, where good intentions learn to use a calendar, a budget, and a measuring tape. ๐งญ Youโll practice the vocabulary of social contribution, sustainable aid, efficiency, beneficiary-centered design, and impact measurement so you can discuss charity with both warmth and precision. ๐ฑ
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๐ Audio reminder: Use Korean Helper Widgets whenever you want to hear advanced phrases like ์ง์ ๊ฐ๋ฅํ ์์กฐ or ์ฑ๊ณผ ์ธก์ .
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๐ Instructions: Fill each blank with the most natural Korean word or phrase. Read the completed sentence, check the nuance, then open the Answer toggle. Watch whether the context emphasizes generosity, social responsibility, efficiency, sustainability, or the beneficiary. ๐ฏ
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Exercise 1 โ Core Terms for Purposeful Giving ๐
A. ๊ฐ์ธ ๊ธฐ๋ถ์๋ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ์์ ์ ํตํด ๋ ํฐ ๋ณํ๋ฅผ ๋ง๋ค ์ ์๋ค.
Individual donors can create bigger change through strategic philanthropy. ๐งญ
Answer
์ ๋ต์ โ ์ ๋ต์ ์์ means philanthropy guided by goals and planning.
B. ์๋ฃ ์ ๊ทผ์ฑ์ ๋์ด๋ ๊ฒ์ ์ค์ํ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ๊ธฐ์ฌ๋ค.
Improving access to health care is an important social contribution. ๐ฅ
Answer
์ฌํ์ โ ์ฌํ์ ๊ธฐ์ฌ names a benefit to society.
C. ์ ์ ์์ฐ์ผ๋ก ํฐ ํจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ด๋ ค๋ฉด ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด ์ค์ํ๋ค.
To produce a large effect with a small budget, efficiency is important. โ๏ธ
Answer
ํจ์จ์ฑ โ ํจ์จ์ฑ focuses on reducing waste and using resources well.
D. ๊ธด๊ธ ๊ตฌํธ ์ดํ์๋ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ๊ฐ๋ฅํ ์์กฐ๋ก ์ ํํด์ผ ํ๋ค.
After emergency relief, support should shift to sustainable aid. ๐
Answer
์ง์ โ ์ง์ ๊ฐ๋ฅํ ์์กฐ means aid designed to continue working long-term.
E. ์ฅํ ์ฌ์
์ ์ค์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋ ํ์๊ณผ ๊ฐ์กฑ์ด๋ค.
The actual beneficiaries of the scholarship program are students and families. ๐
Answer
์ํ์ โ ์ํ์ means the recipient or beneficiary of support.
F. ํ์๊ธ ์ฌ์ฉ ๋ด์ญ์ ๊ณต๊ฐํ๋ฉด ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๊ฐ ๋์์ง๋ค.
Disclosing how sponsorship funds are used increases transparency. ๐
Answer
ํฌ๋ช
์ฑ โ ํฌ๋ช
์ฑ means transparency, a key value in strategic giving.
G. ๊ต์ก ์ฌ๋จ์ ์ฝ๊ธฐ ๋ฅ๋ ฅ ํฅ์์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋ก ์ผ์๋ค.
The education foundation set improved reading ability as its goal. ๐
Answer
๋ชฉํ โ Strategic philanthropy begins with a clear ๋ชฉํ (goal).
H. ํ๋ก๊ทธ๋จ์ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ ค๋ฉด ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ์ธก์ ์ด ํ์ํ๋ค.
To see the programโs results, impact measurement is necessary. ๐
Answer
์ฑ๊ณผ โ ์ฑ๊ณผ ์ธก์ means measuring results or impact.
I. ์ฌ๋ ํผํด ์ง์ญ์๋ ์ฆ๊ฐ์ ์ธ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด ๋จผ์ ํ์ํ๋ค.
The disaster-hit region first needed immediate support. ๐
Answer
์ง์ โ ์ง์ is broad practical support; it can be immediate and local.
J. ์๋ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋ ์๊ธฐ ์ํฉ์์ ์๋ช
์ ๋ณดํธํ๋ค.
Food aid protects lives during a crisis. ๐
Answer
์์กฐ โ ์์กฐ is formal aid or assistance, common in humanitarian contexts.
Vocabulary Box
- ๊ฐ์ธ ๊ธฐ๋ถ์ โ individual donor
- ์ ๋ต์ โ strategic
- ์์ โ charity/philanthropy
- ์๋ฃ ์ ๊ทผ์ฑ โ access to health care
- ์ฌํ์ ๊ธฐ์ฌ โ social contribution
- ์์ฐ โ budget
- ํจ๊ณผ โ effect
- ํจ์จ์ฑ โ efficiency
- ๊ธด๊ธ ๊ตฌํธ โ emergency relief
- ์ง์ ๊ฐ๋ฅํ ์์กฐ โ sustainable aid
- ์ฅํ ์ฌ์ โ scholarship program
- ์ํ์ โ beneficiary
- ํ์๊ธ โ sponsorship/donation funds
- ํฌ๋ช ์ฑ โ transparency
- ๊ต์ก ์ฌ๋จ โ education foundation
- ๋ชฉํ โ goal
- ์ฑ๊ณผ ์ธก์ โ impact/results measurement
- ์ง์ โ support
- ์์กฐ โ aid
Tip ๐ก Purposeful giving needs both heart words and systems words.
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Exercise 2 โ Collocations for Social Impact ๐ฑ
A. ๋จ์ฒด๋ ์ง์ญ ๋ฌธ์ ํด๊ฒฐ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋ฅผ ํ๋ค.
The organization contributed to solving local problems. ๐๏ธ
Answer
๊ธฐ์ฌ โ ๋ฌธ์ ํด๊ฒฐ์ ๊ธฐ์ฌํ๋ค means to contribute to solving a problem.
B. ๊ธฐ์
์ ๋งค๋
์ฌํ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ํ๋์ ํ๋ํ๊ณ ์๋ค.
The company is expanding its social contribution activities every year. ๐ข
Answer
๊ณตํ โ ์ฌํ ๊ณตํ ํ๋ is common in corporate social responsibility contexts.
C. ๊ธฐ๋ถ๊ธ์ ์ทจ์ฝ ๊ณ์ธต ์ง์์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ์ฌ์ฉ๋์๋ค.
The donations were used efficiently to support vulnerable groups. ๐คฒ
Answer
ํจ์จ์ ์ผ๋ก โ ํจ์จ์ ์ผ๋ก ์ฌ์ฉ๋๋ค means to be used efficiently.
D. ํ๋ก์ ํธ๋ ์ํ์์ ํ์๋ฅผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ผ๋ก ์ค๊ณ๋์๋ค.
The project was designed around beneficiariesโ needs. ๐งโ๐คโ๐ง
Answer
์ค์ฌ โ ์ํ์ ์ค์ฌ means beneficiary-centered.
E. ์ฅ๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ๋ณํ๋ ์ง์ญ ์ฌํ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ์ญ๋์์ ๋์จ๋ค.
Long-term change comes from the local communityโs capacity for self-reliance. ๐ฟ
Answer
์๋ฆฝ โ ์๋ฆฝ ์ญ๋ means capacity for self-reliance.
F. ์ฌ๋จ์ ์ฌ์
์ ํจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ ๊ธฐ์ ์ผ๋ก ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ๋ค.
The foundation regularly evaluated the effect of the program. ๐
Answer
ํ๊ฐ โ ํจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ๊ฐํ๋ค means to evaluate effect or effectiveness.
G. ๋ฏผ๊ฐ ๊ธฐ์
๊ณผ ๋น์๋ฆฌ ๋จ์ฒด์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด ํ๋๋์๋ค.
Partnerships between private companies and nonprofits expanded. ๐ค
Answer
ํํธ๋์ญ โ ํํธ๋์ญ is common in strategic philanthropy and social-impact work.
H. ๋จ์ํ ๋ฌผํ ์ ๋ฌ๋ณด๋ค ๋ฌธ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ์ค์ฌ ์ ๊ทผ์ด ํ์ํ๋ค.
A problem-solving-centered approach is needed rather than simple delivery of goods. ๐งฉ
Answer
ํด๊ฒฐ โ ๋ฌธ์ ํด๊ฒฐ ์ค์ฌ means centered on solving the problem.
I. ์ฌ์
์ด ๋๋ ๋ค์๋ ํจ๊ณผ๊ฐ ๋จ๋๋ก ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ๊ฐ๋ฅ์ฑ์ ๊ณ ๋ คํ๋ค.
They considered sustainability so the effect would remain after the program ended. ๐ฑ
Answer
์ง์ โ ์ง์ ๊ฐ๋ฅ์ฑ means sustainability.
J. ๊ณต์ต ์บ ํ์ธ์ ์๋ฏผ ์ฐธ์ฌ๋ฅผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ๋ค.
The public-interest campaign encouraged citizen participation. ๐ณ๏ธ
Answer
์ด์ง โ ์ฐธ์ฌ๋ฅผ ์ด์งํ๋ค means to promote or encourage participation.
Vocabulary Box
- ๋จ์ฒด โ organization/group
- ์ง์ญ ๋ฌธ์ โ local problem
- ๊ธฐ์ฌ โ contribution
- ์ฌํ ๊ณตํ ํ๋ โ social contribution activities
- ๊ธฐ๋ถ๊ธ โ donation funds
- ์ทจ์ฝ ๊ณ์ธต โ vulnerable groups
- ํจ์จ์ ์ผ๋ก โ efficiently
- ์ํ์ โ beneficiary
- ํ์ โ needs
- ์ค์ฌ โ centered on
- ์๋ฆฝ ์ญ๋ โ capacity for self-reliance
- ํ๊ฐ โ evaluation
- ํํธ๋์ญ โ partnership
- ๋ฌผํ ์ ๋ฌ โ delivery of goods
- ๋ฌธ์ ํด๊ฒฐ ์ค์ฌ โ problem-solving-centered
- ์ง์ ๊ฐ๋ฅ์ฑ โ sustainability
- ๊ณต์ต ์บ ํ์ธ โ public-interest campaign
- ์๋ฏผ ์ฐธ์ฌ โ citizen participation
- ์ด์ง โ promotion/encouragement
Tip ๐ก Advanced vocabulary often becomes useful through collocations, not isolated memorization.
ย
Exercise 3 โ Nuance: Charity, Donation, Aid, Support โ๏ธ
A. ์ต๋ช
์ ์๋ฏผ์ด ๋ณ์์ ํฐ ๊ธ์ก์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ๋ค.
An anonymous citizen donated a large amount of money to the hospital. ๐ฅ
Answer
๊ธฐ๋ถ โ ๊ธฐ๋ถํ๋ค means to donate money, goods, or resources.
B. ๊ทธ ๋จ์ฒด๋ ์ค๋ซ๋์ ์๋ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ์ฌ์
์ ํด ์๋ค.
That organization has long carried out child charity work. ๐งธ
Answer
์์ โ ์์ ์ฌ์
means charitable work or philanthropy program.
C. ์ ์ ํผํด๊ตญ์ ๊ตญ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๊ฐ ์ ๊ณต๋์๋ค.
International aid was provided to the war-affected country. ๐๏ธ
Answer
์์กฐ โ ์์กฐ sounds formal and large-scale, fitting humanitarian or international aid.
D. ์ ๋ถ๋ ์์๊ณต์ธ์๊ฒ ๊ธด๊ธ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ์ ๊ณตํ๋ค.
The government provided emergency support to small business owners. ๐ช
Answer
์ง์ โ ์ง์ is broad support and fits government programs.
E. ๊ธฐ์
์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ์ฑ
์์ ๋จ์ํ ํ๋ณด๋ณด๋ค ๋๋ค.
A companyโs social responsibility is broader than simple publicity. ๐ข
Answer
์ฌํ์ โ ์ฌํ์ ์ฑ
์ means social responsibility.
F. ์ฌ๋จ์ ๋์ด ํ๊ต์ ์ฅ๊ธฐ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ๋งบ์๋ค.
The foundation formed a long-term partnership with rural schools. ๐ค
Answer
ํํธ๋์ญ โ Partnership language fits strategic philanthropy better than one-time giving.
G. ๋จ๋ฐ์ฑ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋ณด๋ค ์ญ๋ ๊ฐํ๊ฐ ๋ ์ค๋ ๋จ๋๋ค.
Capacity building lasts longer than one-time support. ๐งฑ
Answer
์ง์ โ ๋จ๋ฐ์ฑ ์ง์ means one-time support.
H. ๊ธฐ๋ถ์๋ ์ฌ์
์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ฑ์ ํ์ธํ๊ณ ์ถ์ด ํ๋ค.
The donor wanted to confirm the effectiveness of the program. โ
Answer
ํจ๊ณผ โ ํจ๊ณผ์ฑ means effectiveness: whether the program actually works.
I. ๋ถํ์ํ ํ์ ๋น์ฉ์ ์ค์ด๋ฉด ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ฑ์ด ๋์์ง๋ค.
If unnecessary administrative costs are reduced, efficiency improves. ๐งพ
Answer
ํจ์จ โ ํจ์จ์ฑ asks whether resources are used with little waste.
J. ์ฌํ ๋ฌธ์ ๋ฅผ ํด๊ฒฐํ๋ ค๋ฉด ์ข์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋ง์ผ๋ก๋ ๋ถ์กฑํ๋ค.
Good intentions alone are not enough to solve social problems. ๐ญ
Answer
์๋ โ ์ข์ ์๋ means good intention; strategic philanthropy also needs planning and evaluation.
Vocabulary Box
- ์ต๋ช ์ ์๋ฏผ โ anonymous citizen
- ๋ณ์ โ hospital
- ๊ธฐ๋ถ โ donation
- ์๋ ์์ ์ฌ์ โ child charity work
- ์ ์ ํผํด๊ตญ โ war-affected country
- ๊ตญ์ ์์กฐ โ international aid
- ์ ๋ถ โ government
- ์์๊ณต์ธ โ small business owners
- ๊ธด๊ธ ์ง์ โ emergency support
- ์ฌํ์ ์ฑ ์ โ social responsibility
- ์ฌ๋จ โ foundation
- ๋์ด ํ๊ต โ rural school
- ํํธ๋์ญ โ partnership
- ๋จ๋ฐ์ฑ ์ง์ โ one-time support
- ์ญ๋ ๊ฐํ โ capacity building
- ํจ๊ณผ์ฑ โ effectiveness
- ํ์ ๋น์ฉ โ administrative costs
- ํจ์จ์ฑ โ efficiency
- ์ฌํ ๋ฌธ์ โ social problem
- ์ข์ ์๋ โ good intention
Tip ๐ก ๊ธฐ๋ถ gives, ์์ cares, ์์กฐ aids, and ์ง์ supports.
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Exercise 4 โ Sustainable Aid and Impact Design ๐
A. ๊นจ๋ํ ๋ฌผ ์ฌ์
์ ์ง์ญ ์ฃผ๋ฏผ์ ๊ฑด๊ฐ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ๊ธฐ์ฌํ๋ค.
The clean water project contributed to improving local residentsโ health. ๐ง
Answer
๊ฐ์ โ ๊ฑด๊ฐ ๊ฐ์ means improvement in health.
B. ์ง์
๊ต์ก์ ์ฒญ๋
์ ์๋ฆฝ ์ญ๋์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋ค.
Vocational training develops young peopleโs capacity for self-reliance. ๐ ๏ธ
Answer
ํค์ด โ From ํค์ฐ๋ค (to grow/develop); ์ญ๋์ ํค์ฐ๋ค is natural.
C. ์ฌ์
๋ชฉํ๊ฐ ๋ชจํธํ๋ฉด ์ฑ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ๊ธฐ ์ด๋ ต๋ค.
If program goals are vague, it is difficult to measure impact. ๐
Answer
์ธก์ โ ์ฑ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ธก์ ํ๋ค means to measure results or impact.
D. ์ํ์์ ์๊ฒฌ์ ๋ฐ์ํด์ผ ์ค์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋ฅผ ํ์
ํ ์ ์๋ค.
Beneficiariesโ opinions must be reflected to understand actual needs. ๐
Answer
ํ์ โ Strategic philanthropy should identify real ํ์ (needs).
E. ๋ฌด๋ฃ ๋ฐฐํฌ๋ง ๋ฐ๋ณตํ๋ฉด ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด ์๊ธธ ์ ์๋ค.
If free distribution is repeated, dependency may arise. ๐
Answer
์์กด์ฑ โ ์์กด์ฑ means dependency; sustainable aid tries to avoid it.
F. ํ์ง ๋จ์ฒด์ ํ๋ ฅํ๋ฉด ์ฌ์
์ ์ง์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด ๋์์ง๋ค.
Cooperating with local organizations increases the programโs sustainability. ๐๏ธ
Answer
๊ฐ๋ฅ์ฑ โ ์ง์ ๊ฐ๋ฅ์ฑ means sustainability.
G. ์์ ์ฌ์
์ ์ฅ๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์ค์ผ๋ก ํ๊ฐ๋์ด์ผ ํ๋ค.
Charity programs should be evaluated based on long-term impact. ๐
Answer
์ํฅ โ ์ฌํ์ ์ํฅ or long-term ์ํฅ means impact.
H. ๊ธฐ๋ถ๊ธ ์ง์ถ ๋ด์ญ์ ๊ณต๊ฐํด ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋ฅผ ํ๋ณดํ๋ค.
They secured accountability by disclosing donation spending details. ๐งพ
Answer
์ฑ
์์ฑ โ ์ฑ
์์ฑ means accountability or responsibility.
I. ๋ฌธ์ ์ ์์ธ์ ๋ถ์ํ ๋ค ์์์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ์ผ๋ก ๋ฐฐ๋ถํ๋ค.
After analyzing the cause of the problem, they allocated resources strategically. ๐งญ
Answer
์ ๋ต โ ์ ๋ต์ ์ผ๋ก means strategically.
J. ๊ธด๊ธ ์ง์๊ณผ ์ฅ๊ธฐ ์์กฐ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ๋ง์ถ๋ ๊ฒ์ด ์ค์ํ๋ค.
It is important to balance emergency support and long-term aid. โ๏ธ
Answer
๊ท ํ โ ๊ท ํ์ ๋ง์ถ๋ค means to strike a balance.
Vocabulary Box
- ๊นจ๋ํ ๋ฌผ ์ฌ์ โ clean water project
- ์ง์ญ ์ฃผ๋ฏผ โ local residents
- ๊ฑด๊ฐ ๊ฐ์ โ health improvement
- ์ง์ ๊ต์ก โ vocational training
- ์ฒญ๋ โ young people
- ์๋ฆฝ ์ญ๋ โ capacity for self-reliance
- ํค์ฐ๋ค โ to develop/grow
- ์ฌ์ ๋ชฉํ โ program goal
- ๋ชจํธํ๋ค โ to be vague
- ์ฑ๊ณผ ์ธก์ โ impact/results measurement
- ์ํ์ โ beneficiary
- ํ์ โ need
- ์์กด์ฑ โ dependency
- ํ์ง ๋จ์ฒด โ local organization
- ์ง์ ๊ฐ๋ฅ์ฑ โ sustainability
- ์ํฅ โ impact/influence
- ์ฑ ์์ฑ โ accountability
- ์ ๋ต์ ์ผ๋ก โ strategically
- ๊ธด๊ธ ์ง์ โ emergency support
- ์ฅ๊ธฐ ์์กฐ โ long-term aid
- ๊ท ํ โ balance
Tip ๐ก Sustainable aid asks what remains after the first wave of help ends.
ย
Exercise 5 โ Mixed Mastery + Pitfall Patrol ๐ก๏ธ
A. โ ์ ๋ต์ ์ธ ์์ โ โ
๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ์์
Fix the compact advanced term: strategic philanthropy. ๐งญ
Answer
์ ๋ต์ โ For abstract policy/business vocabulary, ์ ๋ต์ is the natural compact modifier.
B. โ ํจ์จ์ ์ ๋์ด๋ค โ โ
ํจ์จ์ฑ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ
Fix the phrase: improve efficiency. โ๏ธ
Answer
๋์ด๋ค โ Use noun ํจ์จ์ฑ with ๋์ด๋ค. ํจ์จ์ modifies nouns, as in ํจ์จ์ ๋ฐฉ์ (efficient method).
C. ํ ๋ฒ ๋์ ์ฃผ๋ ํ์๋ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด๊ณ , ๋ ๋์ charitable work๋ ์์ ์ด๋ค.
The act of giving money once is donation; broader charitable work is philanthropy. ๐
Answer
๊ธฐ๋ถ โ ๊ธฐ๋ถ is the act of giving; ์์ is broader charitable purpose or activity.
D. ์ง์ ๊ฐ๋ฅํ ์์กฐ๋ ์ง์ญ ์ฌํ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ํค์์ผ ํ๋ค.
Sustainable aid should build the local communityโs capacity for self-reliance. ๐ฟ
Answer
์๋ฆฝ ์ญ๋ โ Sustainable aid should strengthen capacity, not create dependency.
E. ์ํ์ ์๊ฒฌ ์์ด ์ค๊ณํ ์ฌ์
์ ์ค์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋ฅผ ๋์น ์ ์๋ค.
A program designed without beneficiariesโ opinions may miss real needs. ๐
Answer
ํ์ โ Beneficiary-centered design begins with the real needs of ์ํ์.
F. ์ข์ ์๋๋ง ๊ฐ์กฐํ๊ณ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ง ์์ผ๋ฉด ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ์ธก์ ์ด ๋น ์ง๋ค.
If only good intentions are emphasized and results are ignored, impact measurement is missing. ๐
Answer
์ฑ๊ณผ โ Strategic philanthropy needs ์ฑ๊ณผ ์ธก์ , not just warm feelings in a nice brochure.
G. ๊ตญ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋ ์ฌ๋, ๋น๊ณค, ๊ฐ๋ฐ ๋ฌธ์ ์ ์์ฃผ ์ฐ๊ฒฐ๋๋ค.
International aid is often connected to disasters, poverty, and development issues. ๐
Answer
์์กฐ โ ์์กฐ is formal aid, especially in humanitarian or development contexts.
H. ๊ธฐ์
์ ์ฌํ ๊ณตํ์ ํ๋ณด๊ฐ ์๋๋ผ ์ฌํ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๊ณผ ์ฐ๊ฒฐ๋์ด์ผ ํ๋ค.
Corporate social contribution should be connected to social responsibility, not publicity. ๐ข
Answer
์ฑ
์ โ ์ฌํ์ ์ฑ
์ means social responsibility.
I. ํจ์จ์ฑ์ ๋ญ๋น๊ฐ ์ ์์ง ๋ฌป๊ณ , ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ์ค์ ๋ก ํจ๊ณผ๊ฐ ์์๋์ง ๋ฌป๋๋ค.
Efficiency asks whether waste was low; effectiveness asks whether it actually worked. โ
Answer
ํจ๊ณผ์ฑ โ ํจ๊ณผ์ฑ is effectiveness; do not confuse it with ํจ์จ์ฑ.
J. ์ ๋ต์ ์์ ์ ๊ธฐ๋ถ์์ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง๋ณด๋ค ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ์ถ์ ์ด์ ์ ๋๋ค.
Strategic philanthropy focuses on beneficiariesโ lives rather than the donorโs image. ๐งโ๐คโ๐ง
Answer
์ํ์ โ The ์ํ์ is the beneficiary; strategic philanthropy should not become donor-branding theater.
Vocabulary Box
- ์ ๋ต์ ์์ โ strategic philanthropy
- ํจ์จ์ฑ โ efficiency
- ๋์ด๋ค โ to raise/improve
- ๊ธฐ๋ถ โ donation
- ์์ โ charity/philanthropy
- ์ง์ ๊ฐ๋ฅํ ์์กฐ โ sustainable aid
- ์ง์ญ ์ฌํ โ local community
- ์๋ฆฝ ์ญ๋ โ capacity for self-reliance
- ์ํ์ โ beneficiary
- ํ์ โ need
- ์ข์ ์๋ โ good intention
- ์ฑ๊ณผ ์ธก์ โ impact/results measurement
- ๊ตญ์ ์์กฐ โ international aid
- ๊ฐ๋ฐ ๋ฌธ์ โ development issue
- ์ฌํ ๊ณตํ โ social contribution
- ์ฌํ์ ์ฑ ์ โ social responsibility
- ํจ๊ณผ์ฑ โ effectiveness
- ๊ธฐ๋ถ์ โ donor
- ์ด๋ฏธ์ง โ image/reputation
Tip ๐ก Pitfall patrol rule: do not let kind vocabulary become vague vocabulary.
ย
๐ Excellent work โ you can now discuss ์ ๋ต์ ์์ with compassion, precision, and enough evaluation vocabulary to make a grant proposal behave itself. ๐๐ฑ