π‘ TL;DR π― When you speak on behalf of an organization, you are no longer just yourself β your words are the organization's official position. This lesson teaches the Korean language forms for organizational voice: collective first person, institutional tone, and how to signal authority while avoiding personal liability.
π Helper Note ποΈ The key shift is from μ λ (I, the person) to μ ν¬ νμ¬λ / μ ν¬ κΈ°κ΄μ (our company/institution). Korean organizational speech is more formal and uses specific frames to signal whether you are speaking personally or officially: 곡μ μ μ₯μΌλ‘λ... (as an official position...) vs. κ°μΈμ μΌλ‘λ... (personally...).
π Big Picture
π’ Three speech modes when representing an organization:
Mode | When | Korean signal |
Official position | Formal statements, press, policy | μ ν¬ κΈ°κ΄μ 곡μ μ
μ₯μ... |
Collective voice | We-statements, unity | μ ν¬λ / μ ν¬ νμ¬λ |
Personal caveat | Separating personal view from org | κ°μΈμ μΈ κ²¬ν΄λ‘λ / μ κ°μΈ μ견μ λ§μλ리μλ©΄ |
𧩠Core Concepts
ποΈ Organizational First Person
π Stating Official Positions
π‘οΈ Maintaining Authority While Signaling Limits
β Exam Strategy
βοΈ μ ν¬ κΈ°κ΄μ 곡μ μ
μ₯μ = the organizational official position opener
βοΈ λΉμ¬λ = the most formal written org voice (contracts, press releases)
βοΈ κ³΅μ μ±λ = official channel β key for limiting personal liability
βοΈ λ΄λΆ κ²ν μ€μΈ μ¬μ = the graceful deferral for sensitive issues
β οΈ Pitfalls
π¬ Using μ λ when speaking officially β signals personal opinion, not org position
π¬ Over-committing on behalf of the org β "μ ν¬κ° λ°λμ ~νκ² μ΅λλ€" without authority β liability
π¬ Missing the caveat when separating personal view β κ°μΈμ μΈ κ²¬ν΄λ‘λ is essential
π¬ λΉμ¬λ in speech β λΉμ¬ is formal written; μ ν¬ νμ¬ / μ ν¬ κΈ°κ΄ is for spoken contexts
π£οΈ Dialogue Patterns
Pattern 1 β Official position statement:
μ ν¬ κΈ°κ΄μ 곡μ μ μ₯μ ~μ λλ€. μ΄λ μ ν¬μ 곡μ λ°©μΉ¨μ λ°λ₯Έ κ²μ λλ€.
Pattern 2 β Collective we-statement:
μ ν¬λ μ΄ λ¬Έμ λ₯Ό λ§€μ° μ€μνκ² μ¬κΈ°κ³ μμΌλ©°, μ΅μ μ λ°©ν₯μ λͺ¨μνκ³ μμ΅λλ€.
Pattern 3 β Limiting liability:
νμ¬λ‘μλ λ§μλ릴 μ μλ λ²μκ° μ νμ μ λλ€. μΆν 곡μ μ±λμ ν΅ν΄ μλ΄ λλ¦¬κ² μ΅λλ€.
Pattern 4 β Separating personal from organizational view:
κ°μΈμ μΈ κ²¬ν΄λ‘λ ~μ΄λΌκ³ μκ°ν©λλ€λ§, μ ν¬ κΈ°κ΄μ 곡μ μ μ₯μ λ³λλ‘ μλ΄ λλ¦¬κ² μ΅λλ€.
π§ Nuance Bank
π Try this exercise
Q1. When speaking on behalf of your organization officially, you replace μ λ with:
β λλ
β‘ μ ν¬ κΈ°κ΄μ / μ ν¬ νμ¬λ
β’ μ°λ¦¬λ
β£ λ³ΈμΈμ
Answer
β‘ β μ ν¬ κΈ°κ΄μ / μ ν¬ νμ¬λ = the organizational first person (humble collective). μ λ = personal voice; μ ν¬ = collective/humble organizational voice.
Q2. λΉμ¬λ is most appropriate in:
β Spoken casual meetings
β‘ Formal written contexts β contracts, press releases, official documents
β’ Internal team meetings
β£ Q&A sessions
Answer
β‘ β λΉμ¬λ (ηΆη€Ύ) = our company (formal written). Used in press releases, legal documents, formal correspondence β NOT in spoken meetings where μ ν¬ νμ¬λ is standard.
Q3. "μ ν¬ κΈ°κ΄μ 곡μ μ
μ₯μ ~μ
λλ€" is used to:
β Express a personal opinion
β‘ Deliver the organization's official position statement
β’ Ask for the other party's position
β£ Summarize the meeting
Answer
β‘ β μ ν¬ κΈ°κ΄μ 곡μ μ
μ₯μ ~μ
λλ€ = our organization's official position is ~. The standard formula for official position delivery.
Q4. "λ΄λΆ κ²ν μ€μΈ μ¬μμ
λλ€" gracefully signals:
β We disagree
β‘ This matter is under internal review β we cannot disclose it yet
β’ We have already decided
β£ This is not important
Answer
β‘ β λ΄λΆ κ²ν μ€μΈ μ¬μμ
λλ€ = this is a matter currently under internal review. The professional deferral for sensitive, undecided, or undisclosed organizational issues.
Q5. To separate your personal view from the organization's official stance:
β Just give your personal opinion
β‘ "κ°μΈμ μΈ κ²¬ν΄λ‘λ ~μ΄λΌκ³ μκ°ν©λλ€λ§, μ ν¬ κΈ°κ΄μ 곡μ μ
μ₯μ λ³λλ‘ μλ΄ λλ¦¬κ² μ΅λλ€."
β’ "μ λ ~μ΄λΌκ³ μκ°ν΄μ."
β£ "μ ν¬ νμ¬λ μ μ κ°μ μκ°μ΄μμ."
Answer
β‘ β κ°μΈμ μΈ κ²¬ν΄λ‘λ ~μ΄λΌκ³ μκ°ν©λλ€λ§ (personal) + μ ν¬ κΈ°κ΄μ 곡μ μ
μ₯μ λ³λλ‘ μλ΄ λλ¦¬κ² μ΅λλ€ (org position deferred) = proper separation of personal vs. institutional voice.
Q6. "μΆν 곡μ μ±λμ ν΅ν΄ μλ΄ λλ¦¬κ² μ΅λλ€" is used to:
β Promise to call personally
β‘ Limit personal liability and signal that disclosure will come through proper official channels
β’ Avoid the question entirely
β£ Confirm the information is available now
Answer
β‘ β μΆν 곡μ μ±λμ ν΅ν΄ μλ΄ λλ¦¬κ² μ΅λλ€ = we will provide guidance through official channels in due course. Routes disclosure to proper channels, not personal statements.
Q7. "μ ν¬λ μ΄ λ¬Έμ λ₯Ό λ§€μ° μ€μνκ² μ¬κΈ°κ³ μμ΅λλ€" signals:
β The organization has no position
β‘ Collective organizational concern β we (as an institution) take this very seriously
β’ The speaker's personal concern
β£ A commitment to a specific action
Answer
β‘ β μ ν¬λ ~μ/λ₯Ό λ§€μ° μ€μνκ² μ¬κΈ°κ³ μμ΅λλ€ = we (as an organization) consider ~ very important. The collective institutional concern phrase.
Q8. λ°©μΉ¨ means:
β Direction
β‘ Policy / principle / course of action β "our official policy"
β’ Position
β£ Decision
Answer
β‘ β λ°©μΉ¨ = policy, guiding principle, course of action. μ ν¬μ 곡μ λ°©μΉ¨μ
λλ€ = this is our official policy.
Q9. "κ΄κ³ λΆμμ νμ ν μλ΄ λλ¦¬κ² μ΅λλ€" means:
β I will decide personally
β‘ We will notify you after consulting with the relevant department
β’ The matter is closed
β£ We disagree with your request
Answer
β‘ β κ΄κ³ λΆμμ νμ ν = after consulting with the relevant department; μλ΄ λλ¦¬κ² μ΅λλ€ = we will inform/notify you. Process-transparent deferral.
Q10. The phrase μ ν¬ μ
μ₯μμλ signals:
β A personal opinion
β‘ The organizational standpoint β "from our organization's position/standpoint"
β’ A neutral position
β£ A new topic
Answer
β‘ β μ ν¬ μ
μ₯μμλ = from our standpoint / from our organization's position. μ
μ₯ = position/standpoint.
π οΈ Speaking Formula
π’ Organizational Voice Formula:
[μ ν¬ κΈ°κ΄μ 곡μ μ μ₯μ ~μ λλ€] + [μ΄λ μ ν¬μ 곡μ λ°©μΉ¨μ λ°λ₯Έ κ²μ λλ€] + [νμ¬λ‘μλ λ§μλ릴 μ μλ λ²μκ° μ νμ μ΄λ] + [μΆν 곡μ μ±λμ ν΅ν΄ μλ΄ λλ¦¬κ² μ΅λλ€]
π Remember
π μ λ β μ ν¬ νμ¬λ / μ ν¬ κΈ°κ΄μ β the #1 shift when speaking for the org
π λΉμ¬λ = formal written only
π 곡μ μ
μ₯ + 곡μ λ°©μΉ¨ = the official position language
π λ΄λΆ κ²ν μ€μΈ μ¬μ = graceful deferral for sensitive issues
π κ°μΈμ μΈ κ²¬ν΄λ‘λ = the caveat for separating personal from organizational voice
π― Practice Hub
1. When giving an official organizational statement in a press conference, you use:
β "μ λ ~λΌκ³ μκ°ν΄μ."
β‘ "μ ν¬ κΈ°κ΄μ 곡μ μ
μ₯μ ~μ
λλ€."
β’ "λλ ~λΌκ³ λ΄μ."
β£ "μ°λ¦¬ μκ°μ ~μ΄μμ."
Answer
β‘ β μ ν¬ κΈ°κ΄μ 곡μ μ
μ₯μ ~μ
λλ€ = our organization's official position is ~. The standard formal organizational statement opener.
2. κΈ°μ‘° in νμ¬ μ ν¬μ κΈ°μ‘°λ ~μ
λλ€ means:
β Official statement
β‘ Stance / orientation / keynote direction β the underlying direction/tendency
β’ Goal
β£ Policy
Answer
β‘ β κΈ°μ‘° = underlying stance/orientation/tone. νμ¬ μ ν¬μ κΈ°μ‘°λ ~μ
λλ€ = our current stance/orientation is ~. More about organizational direction than a specific policy.
3. The most critical shift from personal to organizational speech is:
β Using more formal grammar endings
β‘ Replacing μ λ with μ ν¬ κΈ°κ΄μ / μ ν¬ νμ¬λ β the first-person shift
β’ Speaking more slowly
β£ Adding more data
Answer
β‘ β The first-person shift (μ λ β μ ν¬ κΈ°κ΄μ) is the foundational shift from personal to organizational voice. Everything else follows from this.
4. "νμ¬λ‘μλ λ§μλ릴 μ μλ λ²μκ° μ νμ μ
λλ€" means:
β We have no information
β‘ At this time, what we can disclose is limited β professional limitation on disclosure
β’ We refuse to answer
β£ The information is confidential forever
Answer
β‘ β νμ¬λ‘μλ (at this time/as of now) + λ§μλ릴 μ μλ λ²μκ° μ νμ μ
λλ€ (what we can say is limited) = professional, non-confrontational disclosure limitation.
5. "μ ν¬λ ~μ/λ₯Ό μμΉμΌλ‘ νκ³ μμ΅λλ€" means:
β We used to operate on the principle of ~
β‘ We operate on the principle of ~ β stating organizational guiding principles
β’ We are considering making ~ a principle
β£ ~ is an industry principle
Answer
β‘ β μ ν¬λ ~μ/λ₯Ό μμΉμΌλ‘ νκ³ μμ΅λλ€ = we operate on the principle of ~. μμΉ = principle; ~μΌλ‘ νκ³ μμ΅λλ€ = are making it our principle/practice.
6. μλ΄ in μλ΄ λλ¦¬κ² μ΅λλ€ means:
β Information
β‘ Guidance / notification β "we will guide/inform you"
β’ Announcement
β£ Apology
Answer
β‘ β μλ΄ = guidance, notification, information. μλ΄ λλ¦¬κ² μ΅λλ€ = we will guide/inform/notify you (formal, organizational register).
7. λ³Έ κΈ°κ΄μ vs. μ ν¬ κΈ°κ΄μ β what is the difference?
β They are identical
β‘ λ³Έ κΈ°κ΄μ is more formal/official (used in third-person-style formal documents/announcements); μ ν¬ κΈ°κ΄μ is the standard spoken formal form
β’ λ³Έ κΈ°κ΄μ is spoken only; μ ν¬ κΈ°κ΄μ is written only
β£ They refer to different types of organizations
Answer
β‘ β λ³Έ κΈ°κ΄μ (this institution) = very formal, third-person-like, used in formal announcements/documents. μ ν¬ κΈ°κ΄μ = first-person collective, standard spoken formal organizational voice.
8. To say "from our side / on our part," you say:
β "μ ν¬λ..."
β‘ "μ ν¬ μΈ‘μμλ..."
β’ "μ ν¬ μ
μ₯μ..."
β£ "μ ν¬ κΈ°κ΄μμ..."
Answer
β‘ β μ ν¬ μΈ‘μμλ = from our side / on our part. μΈ‘ = side. Used when emphasizing organizational perspective vs. the other party's.
9. When a journalist asks for information your organization hasn't publicly released yet, you say:
β "λͺ¨λ₯΄κ² μ΅λλ€."
β‘ "λ΄λΆ κ²ν μ€μΈ μ¬μμ
λλ€. μΆν 곡μ μ±λμ ν΅ν΄ μλ΄ λλ¦¬κ² μ΅λλ€."
β’ "λμ€μ μλ €λ릴κ²μ."
β£ "κ·Έ μ 보λ μμ΄μ."
Answer
β‘ β λ΄λΆ κ²ν μ€μΈ μ¬μμ
λλ€ (under internal review) + μΆν 곡μ μ±λμ ν΅ν΄ μλ΄ λλ¦¬κ² μ΅λλ€ (will be announced through official channels) = the professional non-disclosure response.
10. "κ°μΈμ μΈ κ²¬ν΄λ‘λ" is essential when:
β Giving the official org position
β‘ Separating your personal opinion from the organization's official stance
β’ Speaking in a casual internal meeting
β£ Avoiding answering altogether
Answer
β‘ β κ°μΈμ μΈ κ²¬ν΄λ‘λ = as my personal view β the essential caveat that separates what YOU think from what the ORGANIZATION officially states.
11β50. (Extended drilling)
11. λΉμ¬ is used in which context?
β Spoken meetings
β‘ Formal written documents β contracts, press releases, official correspondence
β’ Internal memos
β£ All contexts equally
Answer
β‘ β λΉμ¬ (ηΆη€Ύ) = our company (formal written). In speech, use μ ν¬ νμ¬. In formal written documents (κ³μ½μ, 보λμλ£), use λΉμ¬.
12. "μ ν¬λ μ΄ λ¬Έμ λ₯Ό μ΅μ°μ κ³Όμ λ‘ μΌκ³ μμ΅λλ€" means:
β The organization has many priorities
β‘ We (as an organization) are treating this as our top priority
β’ The problem is being ignored
β£ We will address this next year
Answer
β‘ β μ ν¬λ μ΄ λ¬Έμ λ₯Ό μ΅μ°μ κ³Όμ λ‘ μΌκ³ μμ΅λλ€ = we are treating this problem as our top priority. μ΅μ°μ κ³Όμ = top priority.
13. κ΄κ³ λΆμ means:
β External organization
β‘ The relevant/related department β the department responsible for this matter
β’ The board of directors
β£ The partner organization
Answer
β‘ β κ΄κ³ λΆμ = the relevant department, the responsible department. κ΄κ³ = related/relevant; λΆμ = department.
14. The MOST important reason to use organizational speech forms when representing your organization is:
β It sounds more professional
β‘ Your words are your organization's official position β personal forms create liability and misrepresent the org
β’ Korean requires it grammatically
β£ It impresses the audience
Answer
β‘ β When you speak for an organization, your words ARE the organization's position. Using μ λ signals personal opinion, not official stance β potentially misleading and creating personal liability.
15. κΈ°κ΄ means:
β Company only
β‘ Institution / organization β broader than νμ¬ (company); includes government agencies, NGOs, universities
β’ Department
β£ Government
Answer
β‘ β κΈ°κ΄ = institution, organization. Broader than νμ¬ (company). Includes: μ λΆ κΈ°κ΄ (government agencies), κ΅μ‘ κΈ°κ΄ (educational institutions), 곡곡 κΈ°κ΄ (public institutions).
16. "μ΄λ μ ν¬μ 곡μ λ°©μΉ¨μ λ°λ₯Έ κ²μ
λλ€" means:
β This is our personal preference
β‘ This is in accordance with our official policy/guidelines
β’ We decided this recently
β£ This is an industry standard
Answer
β‘ β 곡μ λ°©μΉ¨μ λ°λ₯Έ κ²μ
λλ€ = in accordance with our official policy. λ°λ₯Έ = following/in accordance with. Signals the decision is policy-driven, not personal.
17. μΆν in μΆν 곡μ μ±λμ ν΅ν΄ μλ΄ λλ¦¬κ² μ΅λλ€ means:
β Immediately
β‘ In due course / at a later date
β’ This week
β£ Urgently
Answer
β‘ β μΆν = at a later date, in due course. μΆν 곡μ μ±λμ ν΅ν΄ = through official channels in due course / when the time comes.
18. The difference between μ
μ₯ and λ°©μΉ¨ in organizational speech is:
β They are identical
β‘ μ
μ₯ = position/standpoint (on an issue); λ°©μΉ¨ = policy/guiding principle (how we operate). μ
μ₯ is issue-specific; λ°©μΉ¨ is systemic.
β’ λ°©μΉ¨ is spoken only
β£ μ
μ₯ is more formal
Answer
β‘ β μ
μ₯ = position on a specific issue (μ ν¬ μ
μ₯μμλ). λ°©μΉ¨ = organizational policy/guiding principle (μ ν¬μ 곡μ λ°©μΉ¨μ). λ°©μΉ¨ implies systemic, ongoing policy; μ
μ₯ is issue-specific.
19. "μ ν¬ μΈ‘μμλ μ΅μ μ λ€νκ³ μμ΅λλ€" means:
β I personally am doing my best
β‘ On our (organization's) part, we are doing our best
β’ The other side should do their best
β£ We have already solved the problem
Answer
β‘ β μ ν¬ μΈ‘μμλ (on our side/part) + μ΅μ μ λ€νκ³ μμ΅λλ€ (are doing our best) = organizational commitment statement.
20. The complete formula for handling a sensitive question on behalf of an organization is:
β λͺ¨λ₯΄κ² μ΅λλ€
β‘ "μ ν¬ κΈ°κ΄μ 곡μ μ
μ₯μ νμ¬λ‘μλ λ§μλ릴 μ μλ λ²μκ° μ νμ μ
λλ€. λ΄λΆ κ²ν μ€μΈ μ¬μμ΄λ©°, μΆν 곡μ μ±λμ ν΅ν΄ μλ΄ λλ¦¬κ² μ΅λλ€."
β’ "κ°μΈμ μΌλ‘λ ~μ΄λΌκ³ μκ°ν΄μ."
β£ "λμ€μμ."
Answer
β‘ β Official stance + disclosure limitation + internal review + official channel = the complete sensitive-issue organizational response formula.
21β50. (Final drill)
21. μ
μ₯ in organizational speech means:
β Entry / entrance
β‘ Position / standpoint β the organization's stance on an issue
β’ Opinion
β£ Agreement
Answer
β‘ β μ
μ₯ = position, standpoint. μ ν¬ μ
μ₯μμλ = from our organization's standpoint. (Note: μ
μ₯ also means "entry" in physical contexts β context distinguishes.)
22. When you must speak on behalf of your organization at a press conference WITHOUT prepared remarks, you open with:
β "μ λ μ€λ..."
β‘ "μ ν¬ κΈ°κ΄μ λννμ¬ λ§μλλ¦¬κ² μ΅λλ€. μ ν¬ κΈ°κ΄μ 곡μ μ
μ₯μ..."
β’ "μ κ°μΈ μ견μΌλ‘λ..."
β£ "μ ν¬κ° λμ€μ μλ΄ν΄ λλ¦¬κ² μ΅λλ€."
Answer
β‘ β μ ν¬ κΈ°κ΄μ λννμ¬ λ§μλλ¦¬κ² μ΅λλ€ (speaking on behalf of our organization) + μ ν¬ κΈ°κ΄μ 곡μ μ
μ₯μ (our official position) = the press conference opener.
23. λννμ¬ in μ ν¬ κΈ°κ΄μ λννμ¬ λ§μλλ¦¬κ² μ΅λλ€ means:
β As the representative of
β‘ On behalf of / representing
β’ As a member of
β£ Under the direction of
Answer
β‘ β λννμ¬ = on behalf of / representing. μ ν¬ κΈ°κ΄μ λννμ¬ λ§μλλ¦¬κ² μ΅λλ€ = I will speak on behalf of our organization.
24. "μ ν¬λ ~μ/λ₯Ό μμΉμΌλ‘ νκ³ μμ΅λλ€" is MOST useful for:
β Announcing a new decision
β‘ Stating standing organizational principles β how we always operate
β’ Making a one-time commitment
β£ Summarizing a meeting
Answer
β‘ β ~μ/λ₯Ό μμΉμΌλ‘ νκ³ μμ΅λλ€ = we operate on the principle of ~. States ongoing, standing organizational principles, not one-time decisions.
25. λ²μ in λ§μλ릴 μ μλ λ²μκ° μ νμ μ
λλ€ means:
β Importance
β‘ Scope / range β "the scope of what we can say is limited"
β’ Accuracy
β£ Time
Answer
β‘ β λ²μ = scope, range. λ§μλ릴 μ μλ λ²μ = the scope of what we can say. μ νμ = limited.
26. To introduce an organizational principle, you say:
β "μ°λ¦¬λ ~ν΄μ."
β‘ "μ ν¬λ ~μ/λ₯Ό μμΉμΌλ‘ νκ³ μμ΅λλ€."
β’ "κ°μΈμ μΌλ‘ ~λΌκ³ μκ°ν΄μ."
β£ "μ λ ~κ° μ€μνλ€κ³ λ΄μ."
Answer
β‘ β μ ν¬λ ~μ/λ₯Ό μμΉμΌλ‘ νκ³ μμ΅λλ€ = we operate on the principle of ~. The standing principle statement in formal organizational speech.
27. The Korean term for "official channels" is:
β 곡μ νμ¬
①곡μ μ±λ
⒠곡μ μ
μ₯
⣠곡μ λ°©μΉ¨
Answer
β‘ β 곡μ μ±λ = official channels. μΆν 곡μ μ±λμ ν΅ν΄ μλ΄ λλ¦¬κ² μ΅λλ€ = we will provide guidance through official channels in due course.
28. "μ΄λ μ ν¬μ 곡μ λ°©μΉ¨μ
λλ€" vs. "μ ν¬μ κΈ°μ‘°λ ~μ
λλ€" β when do you use each?
β They are interchangeable
①곡μ λ°©μΉ¨ = specific, codified policy; κΈ°μ‘° = underlying direction/orientation (broader, softer)
β’ λ°©μΉ¨ is spoken only; κΈ°μ‘° is written only
β£ κΈ°μ‘° is more formal than λ°©μΉ¨
Answer
β‘ β 곡μ λ°©μΉ¨ = a specific, defined policy. κΈ°μ‘° = underlying tone/direction/stance β more strategic and broader. Use λ°©μΉ¨ for specific rules; κΈ°μ‘° for organizational direction.
29. "μ ν¬ κΈ°κ΄μ λννμ¬" ensures that:
β The speaker is the organization's president
β‘ The audience understands the speaker is functioning as the organization's representative
β’ The speech is informal
β£ The information can be disputed later
Answer
β‘ β μ ν¬ κΈ°κ΄μ λννμ¬ = on behalf of our organization. Signals the institutional, not personal, nature of the speech.
30. The most complete organizational statement formula combines:
β μ λ + μκ°ν΄μ
β‘ [μ ν¬ κΈ°κ΄μ 곡μ μ
μ₯] + [곡μ λ°©μΉ¨ reference] + [νμ¬ λ²μ μ ν acknowledgment] + [μΆν 곡μ μ±λ μλ΄]
β’ κ°μΈμ μΌλ‘λ + μκ°ν©λλ€
β£ μ ν¬ νμ¬κ° + κ²°μ νμ΄μ
Answer
β‘ β Official position + policy reference + disclosure limitation + official channel follow-up = the complete formal organizational statement.
31β50. (Final drill)
31. κ²ν in λ΄λΆ κ²ν μ€μΈ μ¬μμ
λλ€ means:
β Decision
β‘ Review / examination β "currently under internal review"
β’ Meeting
β£ Approval
Answer
β‘ β κ²ν = review, examination. λ΄λΆ κ²ν μ€μΈ μ¬μ = a matter currently under internal review/examination.
32. "μ ν¬ μΈ‘μμλ" differs from "μ ν¬ κΈ°κ΄μ" in that:
β They are identical
β‘ μ ν¬ μΈ‘μμλ emphasizes "from our side" in contrast to another party; μ ν¬ κΈ°κ΄μ is a neutral organizational subject
β’ μ ν¬ μΈ‘μμλ is more formal
β£ μ ν¬ κΈ°κ΄μ is written only
Answer
β‘ β μ ν¬ μΈ‘μμλ = from our side (implies there are two sides). μ ν¬ κΈ°κ΄μ = our organization (neutral subject). μΈ‘μμλ is used in contrast/negotiation contexts.
33. 곡μ in organizational speech means:
β Organized
β‘ Official / formal β sanctioned by the organization
β’ Public
β£ Final
Answer
β‘ β 곡μ (ε
¬εΌ) = official, formal, sanctioned. 곡μ μ
μ₯ = official position; 곡μ λ°©μΉ¨ = official policy; 곡μ μ±λ = official channels.
34. When is κ°μΈμ μΈ κ²¬ν΄λ‘λ MOST important?
β When you speak at an internal team meeting
β‘ When your personal view differs from the organizational position β you MUST signal which is which
β’ When you are the organization's official spokesperson
β£ When making a formal announcement
Answer
β‘ β κ°μΈμ μΈ κ²¬ν΄λ‘λ = as my personal view. Most critical when your personal opinion differs from the official position β without this signal, the audience may take your personal view as the org's stance.
35. μμΉ means:
β Example
β‘ Principle / guiding rule
β’ Goal
β£ Result
Answer
β‘ β μμΉ = principle, guiding rule. μ ν¬λ ν¬λͺ
μ±μ μμΉμΌλ‘ νκ³ μμ΅λλ€ = we operate on the principle of transparency.
36. "곡μ μ±λμ ν΅ν΄ μλ΄ λλ¦¬κ² μ΅λλ€" limits personal liability because:
β It sounds more formal
β‘ It routes information disclosure through the organization's approved processes, not the speaker's personal authority
β’ It avoids the question
β£ It delegates to another person
Answer
β‘ β 곡μ μ±λμ ν΅ν΄ = through official channels. Means: any disclosure will come from approved organizational processes (press release, official statement) β not from this individual's personal authority.
37. The phrase for "our current stance" that signals strategic direction is:
β μ ν¬μ 곡μ μ
μ₯μ
β‘ νμ¬ μ ν¬μ κΈ°μ‘°λ
β’ μ ν¬μ 곡μ λ°©μΉ¨μ
β£ μ ν¬ μΈ‘μμλ
Answer
β‘ β νμ¬ μ ν¬μ κΈ°μ‘°λ = our current stance/orientation. κΈ°μ‘° = underlying direction/tone β signals strategic direction more than a specific policy.
38. "κ΄κ³ λΆμμ νμ ν μλ΄ λλ¦¬κ² μ΅λλ€" communicates:
β We will decide on our own
β‘ We will consult internally and notify you β transparent about the internal process
β’ We can answer now
β£ The answer is no
Answer
β‘ β κ΄κ³ λΆμμ νμ ν (after consulting with the relevant department) + μλ΄ λλ¦¬κ² μ΅λλ€ (we will inform you) = transparent about the internal consultation process.
39. When representing a government agency (κΈ°κ΄) vs. a company (νμ¬), the key difference is:
β Only companies use organizational speech
β‘ κΈ°κ΄ is used for government/public institutions; νμ¬ for private companies β but the speech patterns are the same
β’ Government speech uses λΉμ¬
β£ Companies use λ³Έμ¬ only
Answer
β‘ β κΈ°κ΄ = institution (government, NGO, public body). νμ¬ = company (private/commercial). Both use the same organizational speech patterns (곡μ μ
μ₯, 곡μ λ°©μΉ¨, etc.).
40. The complete formula for speaking on behalf of an organization in a formal meeting is:
β μ λ β μ μκ°μ β κ°μ¬ν©λλ€
β‘ μ ν¬ κΈ°κ΄μ λννμ¬ λ§μλλ¦¬κ² μ΅λλ€ + μ ν¬μ 곡μ μ
μ₯/λ°©μΉ¨ + νμ¬ λ²μ μ ν (if needed) + μΆν 곡μ μ±λ μλ΄ (if needed)
β’ μ ν¬ β μ’μ κ² β κ°μ¬ν©λλ€
β£ κ°μΈμ μΌλ‘λ β κ°μ¬ν©λλ€
Answer
β‘ β λννμ¬ opener + official position/policy + disclosure limitation + official channel follow-up = the complete formal organizational speech formula.
41. 보λμλ£ means:
β Meeting notes
β‘ Press release β the formal written document where λΉμ¬ is most commonly used
β’ Annual report
β£ Internal memo
Answer
β‘ β 보λμλ£ = press release. λΉμ¬ is most common in press releases (보λμλ£), contracts (κ³μ½μ), and official documents.
42. "μ ν¬λ μ΄ λ¬Έμ λ₯Ό μμ€ν λ°μλ€μ΄κ³ μμ΅λλ€" means:
β We are ignoring the problem
β‘ We are taking this matter very seriously (μμ€ν = gravely/seriously)
β’ We have solved the problem
β£ We will address this later
Answer
β‘ β μ ν¬λ μ΄ λ¬Έμ λ₯Ό μμ€ν λ°μλ€μ΄κ³ μμ΅λλ€ = we are taking this matter very seriously. μμ€ν = gravely, seriously, with gravity. Used for serious incidents requiring organizational response.
43. μ νμ means:
β Unlimited
β‘ Limited / restricted
β’ Specific
β£ Final
Answer
β‘ β μ νμ = limited, restricted. λ§μλ릴 μ μλ λ²μκ° μ νμ μ
λλ€ = the scope of what we can say is limited.
44. When a reporter presses you for details you cannot disclose, the BEST response is:
β Give the information anyway
β‘ "λ΄λΆ κ²ν μ€μΈ μ¬μμΌλ‘, μΆν 곡μ μ±λμ ν΅ν΄ μλ΄ λλ¦¬κ² μ΅λλ€."
β’ "λͺ¨λ₯΄κ² μ΅λλ€."
β£ "그건 λΉλ°μ΄μμ."
Answer
β‘ β λ΄λΆ κ²ν μ€μΈ μ¬μ (under internal review) + μΆν 곡μ μ±λμ ν΅ν΄ μλ΄ λλ¦¬κ² μ΅λλ€ (official channel follow-up) = the professional, non-confrontational non-disclosure.
45. μ¬μ means:
β Decision
β‘ Matter / issue / case β the thing being discussed/reviewed
β’ Problem
β£ Question
Answer
β‘ β μ¬μ = matter, issue, case. λ΄λΆ κ²ν μ€μΈ μ¬μ = a matter currently under internal review.
46. "μ ν¬ κΈ°κ΄μ μ
μ₯μμ 보면" is used when:
β You want to give your personal opinion
β‘ You want to offer the organizational standpoint on an issue β "from our organization's perspective"
β’ You want to summarize the meeting
β£ You are making a commitment
Answer
β‘ β μ ν¬ κΈ°κ΄μ μ
μ₯μμ 보면 = from our organization's perspective/standpoint. Signals the organizational viewpoint as distinct from other parties'.
47. The MOST formal organizational subject in written Korean is:
β μ ν¬λ
β‘ λΉμ¬λ
β’ μ ν¬ νμ¬λ
β£ μ°λ¦¬ νμ¬λ
Answer
β‘ β λΉμ¬λ = our company (most formal written). μ ν¬ νμ¬λ = standard spoken formal. μ°λ¦¬ νμ¬λ = casual/informal. Hierarchy: λΉμ¬ > μ ν¬ νμ¬ > μ°λ¦¬ νμ¬.
48. To close an official organizational statement, you say:
β "κ°μ¬ν©λλ€."
β‘ "μ ν¬λ μμΌλ‘λ μ΅μ μ λ€ν κ²μ μ½μλ립λλ€. κ°μ¬ν©λλ€."
β’ "μ΄μμ
λλ€."
β£ "λμ
λλ€."
Answer
β‘ β μ ν¬λ μμΌλ‘λ μ΅μ μ λ€ν κ²μ μ½μλ립λλ€ (we commit to doing our best going forward) + κ°μ¬ν©λλ€ = the warm, forward-looking close for an official organizational statement.
49. "μ ν¬μ 곡μ λ°©μΉ¨μ λ°λ₯Έ κ²μ
λλ€" after a decision signals:
β A new, unprecedented decision
β‘ The decision follows established organizational policy β policy-grounded, not arbitrary
β’ A personal decision
β£ A temporary measure
Answer
β‘ β 곡μ λ°©μΉ¨μ λ°λ₯Έ κ²μ
λλ€ = in accordance with our official policy. Frames decisions as policy-driven and institutionally grounded, not individual or arbitrary.
50. The complete organizational speech system requires mastering:
β Only the right vocabulary
β‘ First-person collective shift (μ ν¬) + official position framing + disclosure limitation language + proper personal/organizational separation (κ°μΈμ μΈ κ²¬ν΄λ‘λ)
β’ Only formal grammar endings
β£ Reading from prepared statements only
Answer
β‘ β First-person shift + official framing + disclosure limits + personal/org separation = the four pillars of Korean organizational speech mastery.
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