⚖️

Market Monopoly and Fair Trade

Agent Progress
Built
Keywords
독과점 / 공정 거래 / 경쟁 촉진 / 소비자 보호
Lesson #
S
Done
Section
Advanced Vocabulary
⚖️
TL;DR 🦄
  • 🏢 독과점 means monopoly/oligopoly: one company or a few companies dominate a market.
  • ⚖️ 공정 거래 means fair trade/fair business dealing: competition happens by rules, not by bullying smaller rivals.
  • 🛡️ 소비자 보호 means consumer protection: prices, choices, safety, and information should not be sacrificed when firms get too powerful.
🔊
🎧 Iru Helper Note — Open
Korean Helper Widgets
Korean Helper Widgets whenever you want to hear a Korean word or sentence. Type terms like 독과점 (monopoly/oligopoly) or 경쟁 촉진 (promoting competition) into the widget and let your ears join the antitrust committee. ⚖️
 

🌈 The Big Picture

Markets are healthiest when companies compete to offer better prices, quality, service, and ideas. In Korean economic and policy vocabulary, this competition ecosystem is often discussed with words like 시장 (market), 경쟁 (competition), and 소비자 (consumer). 🛒
When one firm becomes too dominant, Korean often uses 독점 (monopoly) or the broader term 독과점 (monopoly and oligopoly; market dominance by one or a few firms). This is not automatically illegal in every context, but it can create problems when it leads to 불공정 거래 (unfair trade practices) or harms 소비자 후생 (consumer welfare). 🏢
The policy solution is usually described with phrases such as 공정 거래 질서 (fair trade order), 경쟁 촉진 (promoting competition), 시장 지배력 남용 방지 (preventing abuse of market dominance), and 소비자 보호 (consumer protection). Think of this vocabulary family as Korean’s “keep-the-market-from-turning-into-a-boss-fight” toolkit. 🛡️

🎨 The Core Market Monopoly and Fair Trade Family

  • 독점 (monopoly) = one seller or provider dominates the market. 독 means alone/exclusive, and 점 here relates to occupying/holding a position.
  • 과점 (oligopoly) = a small number of firms dominate the market. It often appears in policy or economics writing with 독점.
  • 독과점 (monopoly and oligopoly; monopolistic or oligopolistic dominance) = a compact policy term that covers both one-firm dominance and few-firm dominance.
  • 공정 거래 (fair trade/fair business dealings) = transactions or market behavior based on fair competition and transparent rules.
  • 불공정 거래 행위 (unfair trade practice) = conduct that distorts fair competition, such as abuse of bargaining power, collusion, discriminatory treatment, or unfair exclusion.
  • 경쟁 촉진 (promotion of competition) = policies or actions that make it easier for companies to compete fairly.
  • 소비자 보호 (consumer protection) = protecting consumers from harm such as inflated prices, limited choice, misleading information, unsafe products, or unfair contracts.
  • 시장 지배력 (market dominance/market power) = the ability of a firm to strongly influence price, supply, or trading conditions.
  • 남용 (abuse/misuse) = using power in an unfair or harmful way.
  • 규제 (regulation) = legal or administrative controls used to prevent harm and maintain fair order.

🛠️ How They Work in a Sentence

  • 정부는 독과점 구조를 완화하고 경쟁을 촉진하려고 합니다. (The government aims to ease the monopoly/oligopoly structure and promote competition.) 🏛️
      • Notes: 정부 = government, 구조 = structure, 완화하다 = to ease/mitigate, 촉진하다 = to promote.
  • 공정 거래 질서는 소비자 선택권을 넓히는 데 중요합니다. (A fair trade order is important for expanding consumer choice.) 🛒
      • Notes: 질서 = order/system, 선택권 = right/ability to choose, 넓히다 = to broaden.
  • 기업이 시장 지배력을 남용하면 소비자 후생이 악화될 수 있습니다. (If a company abuses market dominance, consumer welfare can deteriorate.) ⚠️
      • Notes: 기업 = company, 남용하다 = to abuse/misuse, 악화되다 = to deteriorate.

🧩 General Formation Rule

Economic policy Korean often builds precise nouns by combining policy target + action noun:
  • 경쟁 (competition) + 촉진 (promotion) → 경쟁 촉진 (promotion of competition)
  • 소비자 (consumer) + 보호 (protection) → 소비자 보호 (consumer protection)
  • 시장 (market) + 지배력 (dominance/power) → 시장 지배력 (market dominance)
  • 불공정 (unfair) + 거래 행위 (trade practice/conduct) → 불공정 거래 행위 (unfair trade practice)
These phrases are usually formal, report-friendly, and common in news, policy, business, law, and economics writing. 📰

📚 Cross-check note

Key terms such as 공정 거래 질서 (fair trade order) and 경쟁법 (competition law) were cross-checked against Korean.go.kr / 국립국어원 terminology results and common standard Korean usage. ✅

🪞 Synonym Alert

  • 독점 (monopoly) vs. 독과점 (monopoly/oligopoly dominance) — 독과점 is broader and more policy-oriented.
  • 공정 거래 (fair trade/fair dealing) vs. 공정 경쟁 (fair competition) — 공정 거래 focuses on transactions and market conduct; 공정 경쟁 focuses on the competitive process.
  • 규제 (regulation) vs. 감시 (monitoring/supervision) — 규제 controls behavior; 감시 watches for problems.
  • 소비자 보호 (consumer protection) vs. 소비자 권익 보호 (protection of consumer rights and interests) — the second is more formal and legalistic.

⚠️ Pitfalls to Dodge

  • ❌ 독점 = every large company → ✅ 독점 means monopoly, not simply “big company.” A large company may still face competition. 🏢
  • ❌ 공정 거래 = international “fair trade coffee” only → ✅ In Korean policy language, 공정 거래 usually means fair business dealings/competition rules, not just ethical trade labels. ☕
  • ❌ 소비자 보호 = only product safety → ✅ It can include price, choice, information, contracts, and rights. 🛡️
  • ❌ 규제 always negative → ✅ 규제 can be criticized as excessive, but it can also protect fair competition and consumers. ⚖️
  • ❌ 경쟁 촉진 = forcing companies to fight → ✅ It means creating conditions where fair competition can happen. 🌱
🎉 Once you can hear the difference between 독과점, 공정 거래, 경쟁 촉진, and 소비자 보호, Korean business articles start sounding less like fog and more like a neatly labeled market map. 🗺️
 

Try this exercise

Instructions: Complete each Korean sentence with the best market-policy term. Say the full sentence aloud, check the English meaning, then open the Answer toggle to confirm the vocabulary logic. ⚖️
1. 한 기업이 시장을 거의 혼자 장악하면 ＿＿＿＿ 문제가 생길 수 있습니다.
A problem of monopoly/oligopoly dominance can arise when one company almost controls the market alone. 🏢
Answer
독과점 — The clue is one company controlling the market, so the broad policy term is 독과점 (monopoly/oligopoly dominance).
2. 정부는 새로운 기업이 시장에 들어오도록 ＿＿＿＿ 정책을 마련했습니다.
The government prepared a policy to promote competition by helping new firms enter the market. 🚪
Answer
경쟁 촉진 — Helping new firms enter the market supports 경쟁 촉진 (promoting competition).
3. 가격과 선택권을 지키기 위해 ＿＿＿＿가 중요합니다.
Consumer protection is important in order to protect prices and choice. 🛒
Answer
소비자 보호 — Prices and choice point to 소비자 보호 (consumer protection).
4. 불투명한 계약 조건은 ＿＿＿＿ 질서를 해칠 수 있습니다.
Nontransparent contract terms can damage the fair trade order. 📄
Answer
공정 거래 — The natural phrase is 공정 거래 질서 (fair trade order).
5. 시장 지배력이 큰 기업은 그 힘을 ＿＿＿＿하지 않아야 합니다.
A company with strong market dominance should not abuse that power. 💪
Answer
남용 — 시장 지배력 남용 means abuse of market dominance.
6. 여러 회사가 가격을 몰래 맞추는 행위는 ＿＿＿＿을 해칩니다.
Secretly coordinating prices among several companies harms fair competition. 🤝
Answer
공정 경쟁 — The focus is the competitive process, so 공정 경쟁 (fair competition) fits well.
7. 소비자가 충분한 정보를 얻어야 ＿＿＿＿이 보장됩니다.
Consumer rights and interests are protected when consumers receive enough information. 🔎
Answer
소비자 권익 — 소비자 권익 means consumer rights and interests.
8. 특정 기업만 유리하게 대우하는 것은 ＿＿＿＿ 거래 행위가 될 수 있습니다.
Treating only a certain company favorably can become an unfair trade practice. ⚠️
Answer
불공정 — 불공정 거래 행위 means unfair trade practice.
9. 시장이 한쪽으로 쏠리면 ＿＿＿＿가 약해질 수 있습니다.
If the market tilts toward one side, competition can weaken. ⚖️
Answer
경쟁 — The thing that weakens in a tilted market is 경쟁 (competition).
10. 과도한 ＿＿＿＿는 혁신을 위축시킬 수 있지만, 필요한 ＿＿＿＿는 소비자를 보호합니다.
Excessive regulation can discourage innovation, but necessary regulation protects consumers. 🧭
Answer
규제 — The sentence contrasts excessive and necessary 규제 (regulation).
📚
Vocabulary Box
  • 독과점 → monopoly/oligopoly dominance
  • 경쟁 촉진 → promotion of competition
  • 소비자 보호 → consumer protection
  • 공정 거래 질서 → fair trade order
  • 시장 지배력 → market dominance
  • 남용 → abuse/misuse
  • 공정 경쟁 → fair competition
  • 소비자 권익 → consumer rights and interests
  • 불공정 거래 행위 → unfair trade practice
  • 규제 → regulation
Tip 💡 When you see 촉진, think “make something happen more actively.”
🎯
Want more reps? Visit the Practice Hub when you're ready! 🚀
 
📦
🎯 Practice Hub — Market Monopoly and Fair Trade
 
Welcome to your market-policy workout! ⚖️ This hub helps you recognize and use high-frequency Korean terms about monopoly power, fair dealing, competition policy, and consumer protection. By the end, business news will feel less like a wall of fog and more like a tidy marketplace with signs. 🛒
 
🔊 Audio reminder: Use
Korean Helper Widgets
Korean Helper Widgets whenever you want to hear a sentence or term aloud.
 
📝 Instructions: Fill each blank with the best Korean term. Read the completed sentence once for meaning, then open the Answer toggle to check the vocabulary logic and policy nuance.
 

Exercise 1 — Core Market Terms 🏢

A. 한 회사가 상품 공급을 거의 모두 통제하면 ＿＿＿＿이라고 부를 수 있습니다.
If one company controls almost all product supply, it can be called a monopoly. 📦
Answer
독점 — One company dominating the market is 독점 (monopoly).
B. 소수의 기업이 시장을 나누어 지배하면 ＿＿＿＿ 구조가 형성됩니다.
When a small number of companies divide and dominate a market, an oligopolistic structure forms. 🧩
Answer
과점 — A few firms dominating a market is 과점 (oligopoly).
C. 정책 보고서는 ＿＿＿＿ 문제를 시장 경쟁의 핵심 위험으로 보았습니다.
The policy report viewed monopoly/oligopoly problems as a key risk to market competition. 📑
Answer
독과점 — This combines 독점 and 과점 into one broader policy term.
D. 공정한 가격 비교가 가능해야 소비자의 ＿＿＿＿이 넓어집니다.
Consumer choice expands when fair price comparison is possible. 🛍️
Answer
선택권 — 소비자 선택권 means consumer choice/right to choose.
E. 시장에 참여하는 회사가 많아지면 ＿＿＿＿이 활발해집니다.
Competition becomes active when more companies participate in the market. 🏁
Answer
경쟁 — More participants usually strengthen 경쟁 (competition).
F. 특정 회사의 힘이 너무 커지면 ＿＿＿＿이 발생할 수 있습니다.
If a certain company’s power becomes too strong, market dominance can arise. 💪
Answer
시장 지배력 — This means market dominance/market power.
G. 소비자의 가격 부담이 커지면 ＿＿＿＿이 악화됩니다.
Consumer welfare deteriorates when consumers’ price burden increases. 💸
Answer
소비자 후생 — 후생 means welfare, especially in policy/economics contexts.
H. 시장 질서를 바로잡기 위해 정부가 ＿＿＿＿를 강화했습니다.
The government strengthened regulation to correct market order. 🧭
Answer
규제 — 규제 means regulation.
I. 감독 기관은 담합 의혹을 ＿＿＿＿하고 있습니다.
The supervisory authority is monitoring suspicions of collusion. 👀
Answer
감시 — 감시하다 means to monitor/watch over.
J. 새 업체의 진입은 시장 ＿＿＿＿에 도움이 됩니다.
The entry of new businesses helps market revitalization. 🌱
Answer
활성화 — 시장 활성화 means market revitalization/activation.
📚
Vocabulary Box
  • 독점 → monopoly
  • 과점 → oligopoly
  • 독과점 → monopoly/oligopoly dominance
  • 선택권 → right/ability to choose
  • 경쟁 → competition
  • 시장 지배력 → market dominance
  • 소비자 후생 → consumer welfare
  • 규제 → regulation
  • 감시 → monitoring/supervision
  • 활성화 → revitalization/activation
Tip 💡 Core market terms often combine a noun like 시장 with an abstract noun like 지배력 or 활성화.
 

Exercise 2 — Fair Trade and Unfair Conduct ⚖️

A. 투명한 계약은 ＿＿＿＿ 질서를 유지하는 데 필요합니다.
Transparent contracts are necessary for maintaining a fair trade order. 📄
Answer
공정 거래 — The full phrase is 공정 거래 질서 (fair trade order).
B. 거래 상대에게 부당한 조건을 강요하면 ＿＿＿＿ 행위가 될 수 있습니다.
Forcing unfair conditions on a trading partner can become an unfair act. ⚠️
Answer
불공정 — 불공정 행위 means unfair conduct.
C. 기업들이 몰래 가격을 맞추는 ＿＿＿＿은 경쟁을 해칩니다.
Collusion, where firms secretly coordinate prices, harms competition. 🤫
Answer
담합 — 담합 means collusion, often price-fixing or coordinated market behavior.
D. 우월한 지위를 이용해 납품업체를 압박하면 ＿＿＿＿ 남용이 문제 됩니다.
If a company pressures suppliers by using a superior position, abuse of bargaining power becomes an issue. 🏭
Answer
거래상 지위 — 거래상 지위 남용 is a formal phrase for abusing one’s position in a business relationship.
E. 특정 업체만 차별적으로 대우하면 ＿＿＿＿이 훼손됩니다.
If only a certain firm is treated discriminatorily, fairness is damaged. ⚖️
Answer
공정성 — 공정성 means fairness.
F. 허위 광고는 소비자의 판단을 흐리게 하는 ＿＿＿＿ 정보입니다.
False advertising is misleading information that clouds consumer judgment. 📢
Answer
오인성 — 오인성 정보 means misleading information; 오인 is misunderstanding/misrecognition.
G. 공급업체를 부당하게 배제하는 전략은 시장 ＿＿＿＿를 제한할 수 있습니다.
A strategy that unfairly excludes suppliers can restrict market access. 🚧
Answer
접근 — 시장 접근 means market access.
H. 계약 조건을 명확히 공개하면 거래의 ＿＿＿＿이 높아집니다.
Clearly disclosing contract terms increases transparency in transactions. 🔍
Answer
투명성 — 투명성 means transparency.
I. 공정한 기준 없이 가격을 다르게 적용하면 ＿＿＿＿ 대우라는 비판을 받을 수 있습니다.
Applying different prices without fair standards can be criticized as discriminatory treatment. 🧾
Answer
차별적 — 차별적 대우 means discriminatory treatment.
J. 공정 거래법은 시장의 ＿＿＿＿을 지키기 위한 장치입니다.
The Fair Trade Act is a mechanism for protecting market order. 🏛️
Answer
질서 — 시장 질서 means market order.
📚
Vocabulary Box
  • 공정 거래 → fair trade/fair business dealing
  • 불공정 → unfair
  • 담합 → collusion
  • 거래상 지위 → position in a business relationship
  • 공정성 → fairness
  • 오인성 → misleading quality
  • 접근 → access
  • 투명성 → transparency
  • 차별적 → discriminatory
  • 질서 → order/system
Tip 💡 불- often turns a term negative: 공정 (fair) → 불공정 (unfair).
 

Exercise 3 — Competition Policy Verbs 🌱

A. 정부는 신규 사업자의 진입을 ＿＿＿＿하려고 합니다.
The government aims to promote the entry of new businesses. 🚪
Answer
촉진 — 진입 촉진 means promotion of entry.
B. 플랫폼 기업의 수수료 부담을 ＿＿＿＿해야 한다는 주장이 나왔습니다.
An argument emerged that the fee burden of platform companies should be eased. 📱
Answer
완화 — 완화하다 means to ease/mitigate.
C. 거대 기업의 시장 지배력 남용을 ＿＿＿＿하는 제도가 필요합니다.
A system is needed to prevent abuse of market dominance by giant firms. 🛡️
Answer
방지 — 방지하다 means to prevent.
D. 소비자 피해가 커지기 전에 위험 신호를 ＿＿＿＿해야 합니다.
Risk signals should be detected before consumer harm grows. 🚨
Answer
포착 — 포착하다 means to detect/capture a sign or trend.
E. 공정한 거래 환경을 ＿＿＿＿하려면 정보 공개가 필요합니다.
Information disclosure is needed to create a fair trading environment. 🌿
Answer
조성 — 환경을 조성하다 means to create/foster an environment.
F. 불공정 계약은 시장 참여자의 신뢰를 ＿＿＿＿시킵니다.
Unfair contracts weaken the trust of market participants. 🧊
Answer
약화 — 약화시키다 means to weaken.
G. 새로운 경쟁자가 등장하면 기존 기업의 독점력이 ＿＿＿＿될 수 있습니다.
If a new competitor appears, an existing firm’s monopoly power can be reduced. 📉
Answer
감소 — 감소되다 means to decrease/be reduced.
H. 규제 기관은 위반 행위를 조사하고 필요한 조치를 ＿＿＿＿합니다.
The regulatory agency investigates violations and implements necessary measures. 🏛️
Answer
시행 — 시행하다 means to implement/enforce.
I. 가격 비교 서비스는 소비자의 정보 접근성을 ＿＿＿＿합니다.
Price comparison services improve consumers’ access to information. 🔎
Answer
개선 — 개선하다 means to improve.
J. 공정한 경쟁 규칙은 혁신을 ＿＿＿＿할 수 있습니다.
Fair competition rules can encourage innovation. 💡
Answer
장려 — 장려하다 means to encourage/promote.
📚
Vocabulary Box
  • 촉진 → promotion/facilitation
  • 완화 → easing/mitigation
  • 방지 → prevention
  • 포착 → detection/capture
  • 조성 → creation/fostering
  • 약화 → weakening
  • 감소 → decrease/reduction
  • 시행 → implementation/enforcement
  • 개선 → improvement
  • 장려 → encouragement
Tip 💡 Many policy verbs appear as noun + 하다: 촉진하다, 개선하다, 시행하다.
 

Exercise 4 — Consumer Protection and Market Effects 🛡️

A. 충분한 상품 정보는 ＿＿＿＿ 보호의 기본입니다.
Sufficient product information is a foundation of consumer protection. 🏷️
Answer
소비자 — 소비자 보호 means consumer protection.
B. 독과점이 심해지면 가격 ＿＿＿＿이 줄어들 수 있습니다.
If monopoly/oligopoly dominance becomes severe, price competition can decrease. 💸
Answer
경쟁 — The phrase is 가격 경쟁 (price competition).
C. 소비자가 회사를 바꾸기 어려우면 ＿＿＿＿ 비용이 높다고 말합니다.
If consumers find it difficult to change companies, switching costs are high. 🔁
Answer
전환 — 전환 비용 means switching cost.
D. 선택지가 줄어들면 소비자의 ＿＿＿＿이 제한됩니다.
When options decrease, consumer choice is restricted. 🛍️
Answer
선택권 — This means right/ability to choose.
E. 허위 표시가 많아지면 소비자의 ＿＿＿＿ 판단이 어려워집니다.
If false labeling increases, consumers’ rational judgment becomes difficult. 🧠
Answer
합리적 — 합리적 판단 means rational judgment.
F. 공정한 환불 기준은 소비자 ＿＿＿＿ 보호에 도움이 됩니다.
Fair refund standards help protect consumer rights and interests. 💳
Answer
권익 — 소비자 권익 means consumer rights and interests.
G. 가격이 지나치게 오르면 소비자 ＿＿＿＿이 커집니다.
If prices rise excessively, the consumer burden grows. 🧾
Answer
부담 — 부담 means burden.
H. 비교 가능한 정보가 많을수록 시장의 ＿＿＿＿이 높아집니다.
The more comparable information there is, the higher the market’s transparency becomes. 🔍
Answer
투명성 — Transparent information helps consumers compare choices.
I. 소비자 피해를 줄이려면 약관의 ＿＿＿＿을 쉽게 설명해야 합니다.
To reduce consumer harm, the content of terms and conditions should be explained clearly. 📜
Answer
내용 — 약관의 내용 means the content of terms and conditions.
J. 공정한 경쟁은 장기적으로 소비자 ＿＿＿＿을 높입니다.
Fair competition raises consumer welfare in the long term. 🌤️
Answer
후생 — 소비자 후생 is a formal economics term for consumer welfare.
📚
Vocabulary Box
  • 소비자 → consumer
  • 가격 경쟁 → price competition
  • 전환 비용 → switching cost
  • 선택권 → right/ability to choose
  • 합리적 → rational
  • 권익 → rights and interests
  • 부담 → burden
  • 투명성 → transparency
  • 약관 → terms and conditions
  • 후생 → welfare
Tip 💡 Consumer-policy Korean often pairs 소비자 with 보호, 권익, 선택권, and 후생.
 

Exercise 5 — Mixed Mastery + Pitfall Patrol 🛡️

A. 대기업이라는 이유만으로 ＿＿＿＿이라고 단정할 수는 없습니다.
You cannot conclude that something is a monopoly merely because it is a large company. 🏢
Answer
독점 — ❌ Big company = monopoly → ✅ 독점 requires market dominance, not just size.
B. 공정 거래는 윤리적 커피 표시만이 아니라 시장의 ＿＿＿＿과 관련됩니다.
Fair trade is not only about ethical coffee labels; it relates to market order. ☕
Answer
질서 — ❌ 공정 거래 = fair-trade coffee only → ✅ In policy Korean, it often means fair market/business order.
C. 소비자 보호는 제품 안전뿐 아니라 가격, 정보, 선택권까지 ＿＿＿＿합니다.
Consumer protection includes not only product safety but also prices, information, and choice. 🛒
Answer
포함 — ❌ Consumer protection = product safety only → ✅ It can include multiple consumer interests.
D. 필요한 ＿＿＿＿는 공정 경쟁을 지키는 역할을 할 수 있습니다.
Necessary regulation can play a role in protecting fair competition. ⚖️
Answer
규제 — ❌ Regulation is always negative → ✅ Necessary regulation can support fair competition.
E. 경쟁 촉진은 기업을 억지로 싸우게 하는 것이 아니라 경쟁 조건을 ＿＿＿＿하는 것입니다.
Promoting competition is not forcing companies to fight; it is improving competitive conditions. 🌱
Answer
개선 — ❌ 경쟁 촉진 = forcing conflict → ✅ It means improving conditions for fair competition.
F. 시장 지배력을 부당하게 이용하면 ＿＿＿＿이라는 비판을 받을 수 있습니다.
If market dominance is used unfairly, it can be criticized as abuse. ⚠️
Answer
남용 — 남용 is misuse/abuse of power, authority, or dominance.
G. 몇몇 기업이 가격을 맞추면 ＿＿＿＿으로 의심받을 수 있습니다.
If several firms coordinate prices, it may be suspected as collusion. 🤝
Answer
담합 — 담합 is a key unfair-competition term; price coordination is a classic clue.
H. 신규 기업의 시장 진입을 막으면 ＿＿＿＿이 약화될 수 있습니다.
If new firms are blocked from entering the market, competition can weaken. 🚧
Answer
경쟁 — Entry barriers often weaken 경쟁 and strengthen dominant firms.
I. 공정 경쟁과 공정 거래는 비슷하지만, 전자는 경쟁 과정에 더 초점을 ＿＿＿＿.
Fair competition and fair trade are similar, but the former focuses more on the competitive process. 🔍
Answer
둡니다 — 초점을 두다 means to focus on. Here, 공정 경쟁 focuses on process, while 공정 거래 focuses on conduct/transactions.
J. 독과점, 공정 거래, 경쟁 촉진, 소비자 보호는 모두 시장의 ＿＿＿＿을 높이기 위한 어휘입니다.
Monopoly/oligopoly, fair trade, promotion of competition, and consumer protection are all vocabulary for raising the health of the market. 🌤️
Answer
건전성 — 시장 건전성 means market soundness/health — a polished closing term for this whole topic.
📚
Vocabulary Box
  • 독점 → monopoly
  • 질서 → order/system
  • 포함 → inclusion; to include
  • 규제 → regulation
  • 개선 → improvement
  • 남용 → abuse/misuse
  • 담합 → collusion
  • 경쟁 → competition
  • 초점을 두다 → to focus on
  • 건전성 → soundness/health
Tip 💡 Pitfall patrol: do not equate company size with monopoly, regulation with harm, or consumer protection with safety alone.
 
🎉 Excellent work — you can now discuss market power, fairness, competition, and consumer rights in polished Korean policy vocabulary. Next time an article mentions 독과점 규제 or 공정 거래 질서, you will not blink first. ⚖️