📏

In proportion to: -(으)ㄴ/는 만큼

Agent Progress
Built
Build Order
62
Keywords
만큼
Lesson #
S
Done
Section
Advanced Grammar
🎯
TL;DR 🦄
  • 📐 -(으)ㄴ/는 만큼 means in proportion to / to the extent that / given that, and it makes the second clause match the scale or weight of the first clause.
  • ⚖️ Use it for formal, logical writing when the first clause gives a measurable basis: risk, responsibility, evidence, cost, effort, scale, difficulty, or role.
  • 🧭 Advanced writing move: choose -(으)ㄴ/는 만큼 instead of plain -기 때문에 when the result should feel proportional, not merely causal.
🔊
🎧 Iru Helper Note — Use
Korean Helper Widgets
Korean Helper Widgets to hear full sentences from this lesson. Try typing 위험이 큰 만큼 대비도 철저해야 한다 (To the extent that the risk is great, preparation must be thorough) or 전문가인 만큼 근거를 정확히 제시해야 한다 (Given that one is an expert, evidence must be presented accurately).
 

🌈 The Big Picture

만큼 is a grammar scale. ⚖️ In this advanced connector, the first clause sets a degree, basis, or responsibility, and the second clause gives a response that should match it.
 
This is why -(으)ㄴ/는 만큼 often appears in reports, essays, presentations, and careful explanations. It does not simply shout “because!” It says, “Given this much is true, the next statement should be adjusted accordingly.” Very elegant. Very clipboard-and-coffee. ☕
 
Compare the feeling:
  • 위험이 크기 때문에 대비해야 한다. — Because the risk is great, we must prepare. ⚠️
  • 위험이 큰 만큼 대비도 철저해야 한다. — To the extent that the risk is great, preparation must also be thorough. 🛡️
 
The second sentence sounds more measured. It implies matching weight: bigger risk → stricter preparation, heavier responsibility → more careful decisions, stronger evidence → stronger conclusion.

🎨 The Core Proportion Family

1. Ongoing trend or general action: V-는 만큼 📈

Use this when the first clause describes an ongoing trend, repeated action, or general process.
  • 늘어나다 (to increase) → 늘어나는 만큼 (as it increases)
  • 증가하다 (to increase) → 증가하는 만큼 (as it increases)
  • 감소하다 (to decrease) → 감소하는 만큼 (as it decreases)
  • 복잡해지다 (to become complicated) → 복잡해지는 만큼 (as it becomes complicated)
 

2. Completed action or established change: V-(으)ㄴ 만큼 📌

Use this when the first clause has already happened, accumulated, or become established.
  • 준비하다 (to prepare) → 준비한 만큼 (in proportion to what was prepared)
  • 줄어들다 (to decrease) → 줄어든 만큼 (as it has decreased)
  • 쌓이다 (to accumulate) → 쌓인 만큼 (as it has accumulated)
  • 공개하다 (to disclose) → 공개한 만큼 (given that it was disclosed)
 

3. State, seriousness, or difficulty: A-(으)ㄴ 만큼 🌡️

Use this when the first clause describes a quality, degree, seriousness, difficulty, or burden.
  • 크다 (to be large/great) → 큰 만큼 (to the extent that it is great)
  • 많다 (to be much/many) → 많은 만큼 (to the extent that there is much/many)
  • 어렵다 (to be difficult) → 어려운 만큼 (to the extent that it is difficult)
  • 무겁다 (to be heavy) → 무거운 만큼 (to the extent that it is heavy)
 

4. Role, status, or identity: N인 만큼 🧑‍💼

Use this when a role or identity creates an expected responsibility.
  • 전문가인 만큼 (given that one is an expert)
  • 대표인 만큼 (given that one is the representative)
  • 공식 자료인 만큼 (given that it is official data)
  • 최종 보고서인 만큼 (given that it is the final report)

🛠️ How They Work in a Sentence

Pattern A — trend → proportional burden 📊

  • 자료가 늘어나는 만큼 분석 시간도 증가한다.
      • As the data increases, analysis time also increases. 📊
      자료 = data, 늘어나다 = to increase, 분석 시간 = analysis time, 증가하다 = to increase. The second clause grows with the first.
 

Pattern B — seriousness → matching care ⚖️

  • 책임이 무거운 만큼 결정도 신중해야 한다.
      • To the extent that responsibility is heavy, decisions must also be careful. ⚖️
      책임 = responsibility, 무겁다 = to be heavy, 결정 = decision, 신중하다 = to be prudent/careful.
 

Pattern C — role/status → expected standard 🧑‍🏫

  • 전문가인 만큼 근거를 정확히 제시해야 한다.
      • Given that one is an expert, evidence must be presented accurately. 🧑‍🏫
      전문가 = expert, 근거 = evidence/grounds, 정확히 = accurately, 제시하다 = to present.

🧩 General Formation Rule

Action verbs

  • Present/general action: verb stem + -는 만큼
    • 증가하다 → 증가하는 만큼
    • 감소하다 → 감소하는 만큼
    • 복잡해지다 → 복잡해지는 만큼
  • Completed action: verb stem + -(으)ㄴ 만큼
    • 준비하다 → 준비한 만큼
    • 줄어들다 → 줄어든 만큼
    • 쌓이다 → 쌓인 만큼
 

Descriptive verbs/adjectives

  • vowel stem + ㄴ 만큼: 크다 → 큰 만큼
  • consonant stem + 은 만큼: 많다 → 많은 만큼
  • ㅂ irregular: 어렵다 → 어려운 만큼, 무겁다 → 무거운 만큼
 

Nouns

  • noun + 인 만큼: 전문가인 만큼, 대표인 만큼, 공식 자료인 만큼
✍️
Spacing note: In this connector, 만큼 follows a modifier form and is written separately: ✅ 큰 만큼, ✅ 증가하는 만큼, ✅ 전문가인 만큼. After a plain comparison noun, attach it: ✅ 전문가만큼 (as much/as well as an expert). For “given that one is an expert,” use ✅ 전문가인 만큼.

📚 Cross-check note

The spacing and meaning of 만큼 were checked against korean.go.kr. National Institute of Korean Language guidance distinguishes dependent-noun 만큼, written separately after modifier endings such as -은, -는, and -을, from particle 만큼, attached after nouns. This lesson uses the dependent-noun pattern for degree, basis, and proportional reasoning. ✅

🪞 Synonym Alert

These expressions overlap, but they do different jobs:
  • -(으)ㄴ/는 만큼 — in proportion to / to the extent that / given that; measured and evidence-based 📐
  • -에 비례하여 — in proportion to; more technical or statistical 📊
  • -에 따라 — depending on / according to; neutral change by condition 🧭
  • -(으)ㄹ수록 — the more A, the more B; correlation pattern 📈
  • -기 때문에 — because; direct reason 💬
  • -(으)니만큼 — since/given that; often a little more emphatic or formal than -(으)ㄴ/는 만큼 🖋️
 
Quick contrast:
  • 자료가 늘어나는 만큼 분석 시간도 증가한다. — As the data increases, analysis time also increases.
  • 자료의 양에 비례하여 분석 시간이 증가한다. — Analysis time increases in proportion to the amount of data.
  • 자료가 늘어날수록 분석 시간이 증가한다. — The more the data increases, the more analysis time increases.

⚠️ Pitfalls to Dodge

  • ❌ Treating -(으)ㄴ/는 만큼 as plain “because” every time → ✅ Use it when degree, scale, evidence, or responsibility matters.
  • ❌ 전문가 만큼 for “given that someone is an expert” → ✅ 전문가인 만큼.
  • ❌ 위험이 크는 만큼 → ✅ 위험이 큰 만큼 because 크다 is descriptive.
  • ❌ 책임이 무겁은 만큼 → ✅ 책임이 무거운 만큼 because 무겁다 is ㅂ-irregular.
  • ❌ Pairing it with an unrelated result → ✅ The second clause should match the first clause’s scale: more data → more analysis time, heavier responsibility → more careful decisions.
 
🎉 You now have a polished formal connector for proportional logic. Use -(으)ㄴ/는 만큼 when the first clause sets the scale and the second clause answers with matching weight. 📐✨
 

Try this exercise

Instructions: Complete each sentence with the most natural -(으)ㄴ/는 만큼 form. Read the sentence aloud, then ask: “What scale does the first clause create?” 📏
1. 자료가 늘어나＿＿＿＿ 분석 시간도 증가한다.
As the data increases, analysis time also increases. 📊
Answer
늘어나는 만큼 — ongoing trend: 늘어나다 (to increase) → 늘어나는 만큼.
2. 위험이 크＿＿＿＿ 대비도 철저해야 한다.
To the extent that the risk is great, preparation must also be thorough. ⚠️
Answer
큰 만큼 — descriptive verb: 크다 (to be great/large) → 큰 만큼.
3. 예산이 줄어들＿＿＿＿ 우선순위를 명확히 해야 한다.
As the budget has decreased, priorities must be made clear. 💰
Answer
줄어든 만큼 — completed change: 줄어들다 (to decrease) → 줄어든 만큼.
4. 전문가＿＿＿＿ 근거를 정확히 제시해야 한다.
Given that one is an expert, evidence must be presented accurately. 🧑‍🏫
Answer
전문가인 만큼 — noun status: N인 만큼.
5. 문제가 복잡하＿＿＿＿ 설명도 정확해야 한다.
To the extent that the issue is complicated, the explanation must be accurate. 🧾
Answer
복잡한 만큼 — descriptive verb: 복잡하다 (to be complicated) → 복잡한 만큼.
6. 수요가 증가하＿＿＿＿ 비용도 높아진다.
As demand increases, costs also rise. 📈
Answer
증가하는 만큼 — ongoing action/trend.
7. 책임이 무겁＿＿＿＿ 결정도 신중해야 한다.
To the extent that responsibility is heavy, decisions must be careful. ⚖️
Answer
무거운 만큼 — ㅂ irregular: 무겁다 (to be heavy) → 무거운 만큼.
8. 경험이 쌓이＿＿＿＿ 판단도 깊어진다.
As experience accumulates, judgment also deepens. 🧠
Answer
쌓이는 만큼 — ongoing accumulation: 쌓이다 (to accumulate).
9. Choose the natural sentence:
① 위험이 크는 만큼 대비해야 한다.
② 위험이 큰 만큼 대비해야 한다.
Answer
② — 크다 (to be great/large) is descriptive, so use 큰 만큼.
10. Fix the mistake: ❌ 대표 만큼 발언에 책임을 져야 한다. → ✅ ＿＿＿＿
Answer
대표인 만큼 발언에 책임을 져야 한다. — for role/status, use N인 만큼.
📚
Vocabulary Box
  • 자료 → data
  • 늘어나다 → to increase
  • 분석 시간 → analysis time
  • 위험 → risk
  • 대비 → preparation
  • 예산 → budget
  • 우선순위 → priority
  • 전문가 → expert
  • 근거 → evidence/grounds
  • 복잡하다 → to be complicated
  • 수요 → demand
  • 비용 → cost
  • 책임 → responsibility
  • 경험 → experience
  • 판단 → judgment
Tip 💡 The first clause sets the scale; the second clause should match it.
🚀
Want more reps? The Practice Hub below trains proportional trends, formal responsibility sentences, role/status logic, and pitfall repair. 📐
 
📦
🎯 Practice Hub — In proportion to: -(으)ㄴ/는 만큼
 
Welcome to the proportional-logic lab. 📐 You’ll practice using -(으)ㄴ/는 만큼 when data grows, risk rises, responsibility gets heavier, or formal evidence needs a matching conclusion. Think of it as the grammar version of a balanced scale: heavier first clause, stronger second clause. ⚖️
 
🔊 Audio reminder: Use
Korean Helper Widgets
Korean Helper Widgets to hear each completed sentence and notice how 만큼 links the two ideas.
 
📝 Instructions: Fill the blank or choose the best option. Say the completed sentence aloud, then open the Answer toggle to check the form and the proportional logic.
 

Exercise 1 — Ongoing Trends: -는 만큼 📈

A. 자료가 늘어나＿＿＿＿ 분석 시간도 증가한다.
As data increases, analysis time also increases. 📊
Answer
늘어나는 만큼 — ongoing trend + proportional result.
B. 수요가 증가하＿＿＿＿ 비용도 높아진다.
As demand increases, costs also rise. 💸
Answer
증가하는 만큼 — 증가하다 (to increase) → 증가하는 만큼.
C. 오류가 감소하＿＿＿＿ 정확도도 높아진다.
As errors decrease, accuracy also rises. ✅
Answer
감소하는 만큼 — ongoing decrease.
D. 절차가 복잡해지＿＿＿＿ 설명도 자세해야 한다.
As procedures become complicated, explanations must also be detailed. 🧾
Answer
복잡해지는 만큼 — ongoing change.
E. 근거가 쌓이＿＿＿＿ 주장도 설득력을 얻는다.
As evidence accumulates, the argument gains persuasive power. 🧱
Answer
쌓이는 만큼 — ongoing accumulation.
F. 변화가 빨라지＿＿＿＿ 대응도 신속해야 한다.
As change becomes faster, response must also be swift. ⚡
Answer
빨라지는 만큼 — 빨라지다 (to become faster) uses -는 만큼.
G. 논의가 깊어지＿＿＿＿ 결론도 분명해진다.
As discussion deepens, the conclusion also becomes clearer. 🧠
Answer
깊어지는 만큼 — ongoing deepening.
H. 사용자가 늘어나＿＿＿＿ 서버 부담도 커진다.
As users increase, server burden also grows. 🖥️
Answer
늘어나는 만큼 — more users → greater burden.
I. 기준이 엄격해지＿＿＿＿ 검토 과정도 길어진다.
As the standard becomes stricter, the review process also gets longer. 📋
Answer
엄격해지는 만큼 — ongoing tightening.
J. 자료가 많아지＿＿＿＿ 분류 기준도 필요하다.
As data becomes more plentiful, classification standards are needed. 🗂️
Answer
많아지는 만큼 — increasing amount creates a matching need.
📚
Vocabulary Box
  • 자료 → data
  • 늘어나다 → to increase
  • 분석 시간 → analysis time
  • 수요 → demand
  • 비용 → cost
  • 오류 → error
  • 감소하다 → to decrease
  • 정확도 → accuracy
  • 절차 → procedure
  • 복잡해지다 → to become complicated
  • 근거 → evidence
  • 쌓이다 → to accumulate
  • 변화 → change
  • 빨라지다 → to become faster
  • 논의 → discussion
  • 깊어지다 → to deepen
  • 사용자 → user
  • 기준 → standard
  • 엄격해지다 → to become stricter
Tip 💡 Ongoing trend? Use -는 만큼.
 

Exercise 2 — Established Facts: -(으)ㄴ 만큼 📌

A. 규모가 커지＿＿＿＿ 관리 기준도 강화해야 한다.
As the scale has grown, management standards must be strengthened. 🏗️
Answer
커진 만큼 — completed change.
B. 예산이 줄어들＿＿＿＿ 계획도 조정해야 한다.
As the budget has decreased, the plan must also be adjusted. 💰
Answer
줄어든 만큼 — completed decrease.
C. 경험이 쌓이＿＿＿＿ 판단도 깊어졌다.
As experience has accumulated, judgment has deepened. 🧠
Answer
쌓인 만큼 — accumulated state.
D. 준비를 충분히 하＿＿＿＿ 발표도 안정적이었다.
As preparation was sufficient, the presentation was stable. 🎤
Answer
한 만큼 — from 준비를 하다 (to prepare).
E. 문제를 확인하＿＿＿＿ 해결 방향도 명확해졌다.
As the issue was confirmed, the solution direction became clear. 🧭
Answer
확인한 만큼 — completed confirmation.
F. 사례를 분석하＿＿＿＿ 차이도 분명히 보였다.
As the cases were analyzed, the differences also became clear. 🔍
Answer
분석한 만큼 — completed analysis.
G. 내용을 기록하＿＿＿＿ 검토도 쉬워졌다.
As the content was recorded, review became easier. 📝
Answer
기록한 만큼 — recorded evidence supports easier review.
H. 의견을 반영하＿＿＿＿ 결과도 달라졌다.
As opinions were reflected, the result also changed. 💬
Answer
반영한 만큼 — completed incorporation.
I. 자료를 공개하＿＿＿＿ 검증 가능성도 높아졌다.
As the data was disclosed, verifiability also increased. 🔓
Answer
공개한 만큼 — disclosure creates a matching increase in verifiability.
J. 시간을 투자하＿＿＿＿ 완성도도 높아졌다.
As time was invested, completeness also improved. ⏳
Answer
투자한 만큼 — effort invested becomes the basis.
📚
Vocabulary Box
  • 규모 → scale
  • 관리 기준 → management standard
  • 예산 → budget
  • 계획 → plan
  • 경험 → experience
  • 판단 → judgment
  • 준비 → preparation
  • 발표 → presentation
  • 문제 → issue/problem
  • 해결 방향 → solution direction
  • 사례 → case/example
  • 차이 → difference
  • 기록하다 → to record
  • 반영하다 → to reflect/incorporate
  • 공개하다 → to disclose
  • 투자하다 → to invest
Tip 💡 Already happened? Use -(으)ㄴ 만큼.
 

Exercise 3 — Seriousness, Difficulty, and Responsibility ⚖️

A. 위험이 크＿＿＿＿ 대비도 철저해야 한다.
To the extent that the risk is great, preparation must be thorough. ⚠️
Answer
큰 만큼.
B. 책임이 무겁＿＿＿＿ 결정도 신중해야 한다.
To the extent that responsibility is heavy, decisions must be prudent. 🧑‍⚖️
Answer
무거운 만큼 — ㅂ irregular.
C. 문제가 복잡하＿＿＿＿ 설명도 정확해야 한다.
To the extent that the issue is complicated, the explanation must be accurate. 🧾
Answer
복잡한 만큼.
D. 목표가 높＿＿＿＿ 전략도 구체적이어야 한다.
To the extent that the goal is high, the strategy must be concrete. 🎯
Answer
높은 만큼.
E. 내용이 어렵＿＿＿＿ 예시도 충분해야 한다.
To the extent that the content is difficult, examples must be sufficient. 🧩
Answer
어려운 만큼 — ㅂ irregular.
F. 효과가 크＿＿＿＿ 부작용도 검토해야 한다.
To the extent that the effect is large, side effects must also be reviewed. 💊
Answer
큰 만큼.
G. 근거가 부족하＿＿＿＿ 주장을 조심해야 한다.
To the extent that evidence is insufficient, the claim must be made carefully. 🧱
Answer
부족한 만큼.
H. 차이가 분명하＿＿＿＿ 해석도 달라져야 한다.
To the extent that the difference is clear, interpretation must also change. 🔍
Answer
분명한 만큼.
I. 기준이 엄격하＿＿＿＿ 검토도 공정해야 한다.
To the extent that the standard is strict, review must also be fair. 📋
Answer
엄격한 만큼.
J. 자료가 많＿＿＿＿ 분류 기준도 필요하다.
To the extent that there is much data, classification standards are needed. 🗂️
Answer
많은 만큼.
📚
Vocabulary Box
  • 위험 → risk
  • 대비 → preparation
  • 책임 → responsibility
  • 결정 → decision
  • 복잡하다 → to be complicated
  • 정확하다 → to be accurate
  • 목표 → goal
  • 전략 → strategy
  • 예시 → example
  • 효과 → effect
  • 부작용 → side effect
  • 부족하다 → to be insufficient
  • 해석 → interpretation
  • 엄격하다 → to be strict
  • 공정하다 → to be fair
  • 많다 → to be much/many
Tip 💡 Serious state + matching response = excellent territory for -(으)ㄴ 만큼.
 

Exercise 4 — Role and Status: N인 만큼 🧑‍💼

A. 전문가＿＿＿＿ 근거를 정확히 제시해야 한다.
Given that one is an expert, evidence must be presented accurately. 🧑‍🏫
Answer
전문가인 만큼.
B. 대표＿＿＿＿ 발언에 책임을 져야 한다.
Given that one is the representative, one must take responsibility for statements. 🎙️
Answer
대표인 만큼.
C. 공식 자료＿＿＿＿ 출처를 밝혀야 한다.
Given that it is official data, the source must be identified. 🏛️
Answer
공식 자료인 만큼.
D. 최종 보고서＿＿＿＿ 표현도 간결해야 한다.
Given that it is the final report, the wording must be concise. 📄
Answer
최종 보고서인 만큼.
E. 공개 발표＿＿＿＿ 질문에 대비해야 한다.
Given that it is a public presentation, one must prepare for questions. 🎤
Answer
공개 발표인 만큼.
F. 중요한 결정＿＿＿＿ 절차를 기록해야 한다.
Given that it is an important decision, the procedure must be recorded. 📝
Answer
중요한 결정인 만큼.
G. 공동 연구＿＿＿＿ 역할을 명확히 나누어야 한다.
Given that it is joint research, roles must be divided clearly. 🤝
Answer
공동 연구인 만큼.
H. 핵심 근거＿＿＿＿ 오류가 없어야 한다.
Given that it is key evidence, there must be no errors. 🔑
Answer
핵심 근거인 만큼.
I. 새로운 기준＿＿＿＿ 적용 범위를 설명해야 한다.
Given that it is a new standard, the scope of application must be explained. 🧭
Answer
새로운 기준인 만큼.
J. 비교 연구＿＿＿＿ 차이를 분명히 보여야 한다.
Given that it is comparative research, the differences must be shown clearly. 🔍
Answer
비교 연구인 만큼.
📚
Vocabulary Box
  • 전문가 → expert
  • 대표 → representative
  • 공식 자료 → official data
  • 출처 → source
  • 최종 보고서 → final report
  • 표현 → wording/expression
  • 공개 발표 → public presentation
  • 중요한 결정 → important decision
  • 공동 연구 → joint research
  • 역할 → role
  • 핵심 근거 → key evidence
  • 새로운 기준 → new standard
  • 적용 범위 → scope of application
  • 비교 연구 → comparative research
Tip 💡 Role/status noun + 인 만큼.
 

Exercise 5 — Mixed Mastery + Pitfall Patrol 🛡️

A. Choose the proportional sentence:
① 자료가 늘어나는 만큼 분석 시간도 증가한다.
② 자료처럼 분석 시간도 증가한다.
As data increases, analysis time also increases. 📊
Answer
① — -는 만큼 shows proportional scaling; 처럼 means “like,” not “in proportion to.”
B. Fix it: ❌ 전문가 만큼 근거를 제시해야 한다. → ✅
Intended meaning: Given that one is an expert, evidence must be presented. 🧑‍🏫
Answer
전문가인 만큼 근거를 제시해야 한다. — status meaning needs N인 만큼.
C. Fix it: ❌ 위험이 크는 만큼 대비해야 한다. → ✅
To the extent that the risk is great, one must prepare. ⚠️
Answer
위험이 큰 만큼 대비해야 한다. — 크다 is descriptive, so use 큰 만큼.
D. Choose the more technical synonym for “in proportion to”:
① -에 비례하여
② -기 때문에
Which one suits statistical writing? 📈
Answer
① -에 비례하여 — more technical/statistical. -기 때문에 is plain “because.”
E. Choose the best version for an ongoing trend:
① 오류가 감소한 만큼 정확도도 높아진다.
② 오류가 감소하는 만큼 정확도도 높아진다.
As errors decrease, accuracy rises. ✅
Answer
② — ongoing trend: 감소하는 만큼.
F. Choose the best version for completed preparation:
① 준비한 만큼 발표도 안정적이었다.
② 준비하는 만큼 발표도 안정적이었다.
As preparation was done, the presentation was stable. 🎤
Answer
① — completed preparation: 준비한 만큼.
G. Fix it: ❌ 책임이 무겁은 만큼 결정도 신중해야 한다. → ✅
To the extent that responsibility is heavy, decisions must be prudent. ⚖️
Answer
책임이 무거운 만큼 결정도 신중해야 한다. — 무겁다 is ㅂ-irregular.
H. Choose the sentence with matching logic:
① 기준이 엄격한 만큼 검토도 공정해야 한다.
② 기준이 엄격한 만큼 바다가 넓다.
To the extent that standards are strict, review must be fair. 📋
Answer
① — the second clause matches the first clause’s scale. The sea sentence is unrelated. 🌊
I. Translate the logic: “As the scale has grown, the procedures became more complicated.”
규모가 커지＿＿＿＿ 절차도 복잡해졌다. 🏗️
Answer
규모가 커진 만큼 절차도 복잡해졌다.
J. Translate the logic: “Given that it is official data, the source must be clear.”
공식 자료＿＿＿＿ 출처가 명확해야 한다. 🏛️
Answer
공식 자료인 만큼 출처가 명확해야 한다.
🛡️
Pitfall Patrol
  • N인 만큼 → given that it is N
  • A-(으)ㄴ 만큼 → to the extent that it is A
  • V-는 만큼 → as V happens / as V increases
  • V-(으)ㄴ 만큼 → as V has happened / in proportion to what was done
  • -에 비례하여 → technical “in proportion to”
  • -기 때문에 → direct “because”
  • 처럼 → like / as, not proportional scale
Tip 💡 Ask: “Does the second clause answer the scale of the first clause?” If yes, -(으)ㄴ/는 만큼 is probably smiling at you. 📐
 
🎉 Proportional logic mastered. You can now write formal Korean sentences that scale cleanly: data increases, costs rise; responsibility grows, caution deepens; evidence accumulates, arguments strengthen. Tiny 만큼, big academic energy. 📐✨