📈

Gradual Change: -(으)ㅁ에 따라

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Advanced Grammar
📈
TL;DR 🦄
  • 📈 -(으)ㅁ에 따라 means as / with / in proportion to a change or development.
  • 🧾 It is a formal written pattern: first turn the action or state into a fact with -(으)ㅁ, then add 에 따라.
  • 🌊 It usually connects two moving pieces: as one thing increases, develops, decreases, deepens, or changes, another result follows.
🔊
🎧 Iru Helper Note — Type any Korean word or sentence from this lesson into
Korean Helper Widgets
Korean Helper Widgets to hear it read aloud. Try 기온이 상승함에 따라, 기술이 발전함에 따라, and 시간이 지남에 따라. Your ears deserve snacks too. 🎧🍪
 

🌈 The Big Picture

-(으)ㅁ에 따라 is the formal cousin of “as something changes, another thing changes too.”
 
It is common in reports, news, academic writing, presentations, and polished explanations:
  • 기온이 상승함에 따라 — as the temperature rises 🌡️
  • 기술이 발전함에 따라 — as technology develops 💻
  • 시간이 지남에 따라 — as time passes ⏳
 
The feeling is linked gradual change. The first clause is not just a condition; it is a moving trend, and the second clause follows that trend.
 
For a simpler noun-based “according to / depending on,” use N에 따라: 상황에 따라 = depending on the situation. For this lesson’s pattern, use a whole changing action or state: 상황이 변함에 따라 = as the situation changes.

🎨 The Core -(으)ㅁ에 따라 Family

1. Change verb + -(으)ㅁ에 따라

Use this when the first clause describes a change, increase, decrease, development, expansion, improvement, or passage of time.
  • 증가하다 = to increase → 증가함에 따라 = as it increases
  • 발전하다 = to develop → 발전함에 따라 = as it develops
  • 상승하다 = to rise → 상승함에 따라 = as it rises
  • 확대되다 = to expand → 확대됨에 따라 = as it expands
  • 개선되다 = to improve → 개선됨에 따라 = as it improves
 

2. Native-style change verbs

These are also natural with the pattern:
  • 늘어나다 = to increase / grow → 늘어남에 따라
  • 줄어들다 = to decrease → 줄어듦에 따라
  • 높아지다 = to become higher → 높아짐에 따라
  • 깊어지다 = to become deeper → 깊어짐에 따라
  • 많아지다 = to become more numerous → 많아짐에 따라
 

3. The classic time phrase

시간이 지남에 따라 means as time passes. It is a very common chunk, and it sounds polished without being stiff. ⏳

🛠️ How They Work in a Sentence

1. Gradual increase
  • 수요가 증가함에 따라 비용도 높아졌어요.
      • [su-yo-ga jeung-ga-ha-me tta-ra bi-yong-do no-pa-jyeo-sseo-yo]
      As demand increased, the cost also became higher. 💸
      수요 = demand, 비용 = cost, 높아지다 = to become higher.
 
2. Development and result
  • 기술이 발전함에 따라 생활이 편리해졌습니다.
      • [gi-su-ri bal-jeon-ha-me tta-ra saeng-hwa-ri pyeol-li-hae-jyeot-seum-ni-da]
      As technology developed, daily life became more convenient. 💻
      기술 = technology, 생활 = daily life, 편리해지다 = to become convenient.
 
3. Passage of time
  • 시간이 지남에 따라 기억이 흐려졌어요.
      • [si-ga-ni ji-na-me tta-ra gi-eo-gi heu-ryeo-jyeo-sseo-yo]
      As time passed, the memory became blurry. 🌫️
      시간 = time, 기억 = memory, 흐려지다 = to become blurry.

🧩 General Formation Rule

Verb/adjective stem + -(으)ㅁ에 따라

Use the formal noun form -(으)ㅁ, then add 에 따라.
 
  • Consonant-ending stem → -음에 따라
      • 깊다 → 깊음에 따라
  • Vowel-ending stem → -ㅁ에 따라
      • 변하다 → 변함에 따라
  • 하다 verbs → 함에 따라
      • 증가하다 → 증가함에 따라
  • 되다 verbs → 됨에 따라
      • 확대되다 → 확대됨에 따라
  • ㄹ-ending stems → ㄹ + ㅁ spelling
      • 줄어들다 → 줄어듦에 따라
 

Useful sentence frames

  • N이 증가함에 따라 N도 늘어요. — As N increases, N also increases.
  • N이 발전함에 따라 N이 달라져요. — As N develops, N changes.
  • N이 확대됨에 따라 N이 필요해져요. — As N expands, N becomes necessary.
  • 시간이 지남에 따라 N이 변해요. — As time passes, N changes.

📚 Cross-check note

This lesson was cross-checked against korean.go.kr: 따르다 is used for being based on a case, fact, or standard, and -(으)ㅁ forms noun-like formal facts. So -(으)ㅁ에 따라 naturally means a result follows the fact/process expressed before it. ✅

🪞 Synonym Alert

  • -(으)ㅁ에 따라 — formal “as / with / in accordance with a changing fact or process.”
  • N에 따라 — according to / depending on a noun, like 상황에 따라.
  • -아/어 가다 — shows a process continuing forward, like 좋아져 가다.
  • -면서 — “while / as,” often more conversational and focused on simultaneous action.
 
Quick contrast:
  • 기온에 따라 옷이 달라져요. — Clothes differ depending on temperature. 🧥
  • 기온이 상승함에 따라 냉방 수요가 늘어요. — As temperature rises, demand for cooling increases. ❄️

⚠️ Pitfalls to Dodge

  • ❌ 기온 상승에 따라 and 기온이 상승함에 따라 are identical in shape → ✅ the first uses noun phrase 상승; the second uses a full clause 기온이 상승함.
  • ❌ 상황에 따라 = always 상황이 변함에 따라 → ✅ 상황에 따라 means “depending on the situation”; 상황이 변함에 따라 means “as the situation changes.”
  • ❌ 줄어들음에 따라 → ✅ 줄어듦에 따라. 줄어들다 ends in ㄹ, so ㄹ + ㅁ compresses.
  • ❌ Using it for tiny casual actions → ✅ it sounds best for trends, changes, reports, research, and polished explanations.
  • ❌ Forgetting the second result clause → ✅ this pattern usually wants a “what happens as a result?” ending.
 
📈 Bottom line: -(으)ㅁ에 따라 is your formal “as the trend moves, the result moves too” pattern. It makes your Korean sound report-ready without wearing a tiny necktie. 🧾✨
 
Try this exercise
Instructions: Complete each sentence with the correct -(으)ㅁ에 따라 phrase. Read the sentence aloud, then open the Answer toggle to check the form and nuance.
1. 수요가 ＿＿＿＿ 비용도 높아져요.
[su-yo-ga ＿＿＿＿ bi-yong-do no-pa-jyeo-yo]
As demand increases, the cost also becomes higher. 💸
Answer
증가함에 따라 — 증가하다 becomes 증가함.
2. 기술이 ＿＿＿＿ 생활이 편리해져요.
[gi-su-ri ＿＿＿＿ saeng-hwa-ri pyeol-li-hae-jyeo-yo]
As technology develops, daily life becomes convenient. 💻
Answer
발전함에 따라.
3. 기온이 ＿＿＿＿ 냉방 수요가 늘어요.
[gi-o-ni ＿＿＿＿ naeng-bang su-yo-ga neu-reo-yo]
As temperature rises, demand for cooling increases. ❄️
Answer
상승함에 따라.
4. 시장이 ＿＿＿＿ 경쟁도 심해져요.
[si-jang-i ＿＿＿＿ gyeong-jaeng-do si-mae-jyeo-yo]
As the market expands, competition also becomes intense. 🏪
Answer
확대됨에 따라 — 확대되다 becomes 확대됨.
5. 제도가 ＿＿＿＿ 불편이 줄어요.
[je-do-ga ＿＿＿＿ bul-pyeo-ni ju-reo-yo]
As the system improves, inconvenience decreases. 🧰
Answer
개선됨에 따라.
6. 관심이 ＿＿＿＿ 참여자도 많아져요.
[gwan-si-mi ＿＿＿＿ cham-yeo-ja-do ma-na-jyeo-yo]
As interest increases, participants also become more numerous. 👥
Answer
늘어남에 따라.
7. 위험이 ＿＿＿＿ 책임도 커져요.
[wi-heo-mi ＿＿＿＿ chae-gim-do keo-jyeo-yo]
As risk decreases, responsibility also grows. 🛡️
Answer
줄어듦에 따라 — watch the ㄹ + ㅁ spelling.
8. 기준이 ＿＿＿＿ 준비도 달라져요.
[gi-ju-ni ＿＿＿＿ jun-bi-do dal-la-jyeo-yo]
As the standard becomes higher, preparation also changes. 🧾
Answer
높아짐에 따라.
9. 논의가 ＿＿＿＿ 차이가 분명해져요.
[no-nui-ga ＿＿＿＿ cha-i-ga bun-myeong-hae-jyeo-yo]
As the discussion deepens, the difference becomes clear. 💬
Answer
깊어짐에 따라.
10. 시간이 ＿＿＿＿ 기억도 변해요.
[si-ga-ni ＿＿＿＿ gi-eok-do byeon-hae-yo]
As time passes, memory also changes. ⏳
Answer
지남에 따라 — 시간이 지남에 따라 is a common polished chunk.
📚
Vocabulary Box
  • 수요 → demand
  • 증가하다 → to increase
  • 비용 → cost
  • 높아지다 → to become higher
  • 기술 → technology
  • 발전하다 → to develop
  • 생활 → daily life
  • 편리해지다 → to become convenient
  • 기온 → temperature
  • 상승하다 → to rise
  • 냉방 → cooling
  • 시장 → market
  • 확대되다 → to expand
  • 경쟁 → competition
  • 심해지다 → to become intense
  • 제도 → system
  • 개선되다 → to improve
  • 불편 → inconvenience
  • 줄다 → to decrease
  • 관심 → interest
  • 늘어나다 → to increase/grow
  • 참여자 → participant
  • 많아지다 → to become more numerous
  • 위험 → risk
  • 줄어들다 → to decrease
  • 책임 → responsibility
  • 커지다 → to become bigger
  • 기준 → standard
  • 준비 → preparation
  • 달라지다 → to become different
  • 논의 → discussion
  • 깊어지다 → to deepen
  • 차이 → difference
  • 분명해지다 → to become clear
  • 시간 → time
  • 지나다 → to pass
  • 기억 → memory
  • 변하다 → to change
Tip 💡 The first half moves; the second half follows.
🚀
Want more reps? Keep going into the Practice Hub when you're ready! 📈
 
📦
🎯 Practice Hub — Gradual Change: -(으)ㅁ에 따라
 
Welcome to the trend-tracking lab. 📈 You’ll practice turning changes into formal clauses, connecting those clauses to results, and avoiding sneaky mix-ups with N에 따라. By the end, your Korean can describe rising temperatures, changing markets, deepening discussions, and passing time without breaking a grammatical sweat. 🌡️🧾
 
🔊 Audio reminder: Use
Korean Helper Widgets
Korean Helper Widgets whenever you want to hear a completed sentence aloud.
 
📝 Instructions: Complete each blank, say the sentence aloud, then check the Answer toggle. Watch whether the first part is a noun-based standard or a changing clause.
 

Exercise 1 — Form the Trend Phrase 🔧

A. 증가하다 → 증가＿＿＿＿ 따라
[jeung-ga-ha-da → jeung-ga＿＿＿＿ tta-ra]
to increase → as it increases 📈
Answer
함에 — 증가함에 따라.
B. 발전하다 → 발전＿＿＿＿ 따라
[bal-jeon-ha-da → bal-jeon＿＿＿＿ tta-ra]
to develop → as it develops 💻
Answer
함에.
C. 상승하다 → 상승＿＿＿＿ 따라
[sang-seung-ha-da → sang-seung＿＿＿＿ tta-ra]
to rise → as it rises 🌡️
Answer
함에.
D. 확대되다 → 확대＿＿＿＿ 따라
[hwak-dae-doe-da → hwak-dae＿＿＿＿ tta-ra]
to expand → as it expands 🗺️
Answer
됨에 — 되다 becomes 됨.
E. 개선되다 → 개선＿＿＿＿ 따라
[gae-seon-doe-da → gae-seon＿＿＿＿ tta-ra]
to improve → as it improves 🧰
Answer
됨에.
F. 변하다 → 변＿＿＿＿ 따라
[byeon-ha-da → byeon＿＿＿＿ tta-ra]
to change → as it changes 🔄
Answer
함에.
G. 늘어나다 → 늘어＿＿＿＿ 따라
[neu-reo-na-da → neu-reo＿＿＿＿ tta-ra]
to increase/grow → as it grows 🌱
Answer
남에 — 늘어남에 따라.
H. 줄어들다 → 줄어＿＿＿＿ 따라
[ju-reo-deul-da → ju-reo＿＿＿＿ tta-ra]
to decrease → as it decreases 📉
Answer
듦에 — ㄹ + ㅁ compresses.
I. 높아지다 → 높아＿＿＿＿ 따라
[no-pa-ji-da → no-pa＿＿＿＿ tta-ra]
to become higher → as it becomes higher 🏔️
Answer
짐에.
J. 지나다 → 지나＿＿＿＿ 따라
[ji-na-da → ji-na＿＿＿＿ tta-ra]
to pass → as it passes ⏳
Answer
ㅁ에 — 지남에 따라.
🔧
Vocabulary Box
  • 증가하다 → to increase
  • 발전하다 → to develop
  • 상승하다 → to rise
  • 확대되다 → to expand
  • 개선되다 → to improve
  • 변하다 → to change
  • 늘어나다 → to increase/grow
  • 줄어들다 → to decrease
  • 높아지다 → to become higher
  • 지나다 → to pass
  • 따르다 → to follow / be based on
Tip 💡 Make the verb into a formal fact, then add 에 따라.
 

Exercise 2 — Trend + Result Sentences 🌊

A. 참여자가 ＿＿＿＿ 자료도 많아졌어요.
[cham-yeo-ja-ga ＿＿＿＿ ja-ryo-do ma-na-jyeo-sseo-yo]
As participants increased, the materials also became more numerous. 👥
Answer
늘어남에 따라.
B. 비용이 ＿＿＿＿ 선택이 달라졌어요.
[bi-yong-i ＿＿＿＿ seon-tae-gi dal-la-jyeo-sseo-yo]
As the cost became higher, the choice changed. 💸
Answer
높아짐에 따라.
C. 도시가 ＿＿＿＿ 교통 문제가 커졌어요.
[do-si-ga ＿＿＿＿ gyo-tong mun-je-ga keo-jyeo-sseo-yo]
As the city expanded, traffic problems grew. 🏙️
Answer
확대됨에 따라.
D. 기술이 ＿＿＿＿ 업무 방식도 변했어요.
[gi-su-ri ＿＿＿＿ eom-mu bang-sik-do byeon-hae-sseo-yo]
As technology developed, work methods also changed. 💻
Answer
발전함에 따라.
E. 기준이 ＿＿＿＿ 평가도 엄격해졌어요.
[gi-ju-ni ＿＿＿＿ pyeong-ga-do eom-gyeo-kae-jyeo-sseo-yo]
As the standard became higher, evaluation also became strict. 🧾
Answer
높아짐에 따라.
F. 경험이 ＿＿＿＿ 설명도 자연스러워졌어요.
[gyeong-heo-mi ＿＿＿＿ seol-myeong-do ja-yeon-seu-reo-wo-jyeo-sseo-yo]
As experience increased, the explanation also became natural. 🗣️
Answer
늘어남에 따라.
G. 위험이 ＿＿＿＿ 걱정도 줄었어요.
[wi-heo-mi ＿＿＿＿ geok-jeong-do ju-reo-sseo-yo]
As risk decreased, worry also decreased. 🛡️
Answer
줄어듦에 따라.
H. 관계가 ＿＿＿＿ 신뢰도 커졌어요.
[gwan-gye-ga ＿＿＿＿ sil-loe-do keo-jyeo-sseo-yo]
As the relationship deepened, trust also grew. 🤝
Answer
깊어짐에 따라.
I. 제도가 ＿＿＿＿ 불편도 줄었어요.
[je-do-ga ＿＿＿＿ bul-pyeon-do ju-reo-sseo-yo]
As the system improved, inconvenience also decreased. 🧰
Answer
개선됨에 따라.
J. 시간이 ＿＿＿＿ 생각도 변했어요.
[si-ga-ni ＿＿＿＿ saeng-gak-do byeon-hae-sseo-yo]
As time passed, thoughts also changed. ⏳
Answer
지남에 따라.
🌊
Vocabulary Box
  • 참여자 → participant
  • 늘어나다 → to increase/grow
  • 자료 → materials/data
  • 많아지다 → to become more numerous
  • 비용 → cost
  • 높아지다 → to become higher
  • 선택 → choice
  • 달라지다 → to become different
  • 도시 → city
  • 확대되다 → to expand
  • 교통 → traffic
  • 문제 → problem
  • 커지다 → to grow / become bigger
  • 기술 → technology
  • 발전하다 → to develop
  • 업무 방식 → work method
  • 변하다 → to change
  • 기준 → standard
  • 평가 → evaluation
  • 엄격해지다 → to become strict
  • 경험 → experience
  • 설명 → explanation
  • 자연스러워지다 → to become natural
  • 위험 → risk
  • 줄어들다 → to decrease
  • 걱정 → worry
  • 줄다 → to decrease
  • 관계 → relationship
  • 깊어지다 → to deepen
  • 신뢰 → trust
  • 제도 → system
  • 개선되다 → to improve
  • 불편 → inconvenience
  • 시간 → time
  • 지나다 → to pass
  • 생각 → thought
Tip 💡 The result clause should feel like it follows the trend.
 

Exercise 3 — Choose the Right Connector 🧭

A. 상황 ＿＿＿＿ 방법을 선택하세요.
[sang-hwang ＿＿＿＿ bang-beo-beul seon-tae-ka-se-yo]
Choose the method depending on the situation. 🧰
Answer
에 따라 — noun-based standard: 상황에 따라.
B. 상황이 변＿＿＿＿ 방법도 바뀌어요.
[sang-hwang-i byeon＿＿＿＿ bang-beop-do ba-kkwi-eo-yo]
As the situation changes, the method also changes. 🔄
Answer
함에 따라 — changing clause: 상황이 변함에 따라.
C. 규정 ＿＿＿＿ 서류를 제출하세요.
[gyu-jeong ＿＿＿＿ seo-ryu-reul je-chul-ha-se-yo]
Submit documents according to regulations. 📄
Answer
에 따라.
D. 규정이 강화＿＿＿＿ 준비가 필요해요.
[gyu-jeong-i gang-hwa＿＿＿＿ jun-bi-ga pi-ryo-hae-yo]
As regulations are strengthened, preparation is needed. 🧾
Answer
됨에 따라.
E. 계절 ＿＿＿＿ 메뉴가 달라져요.
[gye-jeol ＿＿＿＿ me-nyu-ga dal-la-jyeo-yo]
The menu differs depending on the season. 🍲
Answer
에 따라.
F. 날씨가 추워＿＿＿＿ 따뜻한 음식이 많아져요.
[nal-ssi-ga chu-wo＿＿＿＿ tta-tteu-tan eum-si-gi ma-na-jyeo-yo]
As the weather gets cold, warm food becomes more common. 🍲
Answer
짐에 따라 — 추워지다 → 추워짐에 따라.
G. 결과 ＿＿＿＿ 일정이 달라질 수 있어요.
[gyeol-gwa ＿＿＿＿ il-jeong-i dal-la-jil su i-sseo-yo]
The schedule may change depending on the result. 📊
Answer
에 따라.
H. 결과가 달라＿＿＿＿ 설명도 바뀌었어요.
[gyeol-gwa-ga dal-la＿＿＿＿ seol-myeong-do ba-kkwi-eo-sseo-yo]
As the result became different, the explanation also changed. 📊
Answer
짐에 따라.
I. 시간 ＿＿＿＿ 순서대로 정리하세요.
[si-gan ＿＿＿＿ sun-seo-dae-ro jeong-ni-ha-se-yo]
Organize it according to time order. ⏰
Answer
에 따라 — here 시간 is a noun standard.
J. 시간이 지나＿＿＿＿ 관점도 변했어요.
[si-ga-ni ji-na＿＿＿＿ gwan-jeom-do byeon-hae-sseo-yo]
As time passed, the viewpoint also changed. 👓
Answer
ㅁ에 따라 — 시간이 지남에 따라.
🧭
Vocabulary Box
  • 상황 → situation
  • 방법 → method
  • 선택하다 → to choose
  • 변하다 → to change
  • 바뀌다 → to change
  • 규정 → regulation
  • 서류 → documents
  • 제출하다 → to submit
  • 강화되다 → to be strengthened
  • 준비 → preparation
  • 필요하다 → to be needed
  • 계절 → season
  • 메뉴 → menu
  • 달라지다 → to become different
  • 날씨 → weather
  • 추워지다 → to become cold
  • 따뜻하다 → to be warm
  • 음식 → food
  • 많아지다 → to become more numerous
  • 결과 → result
  • 일정 → schedule
  • 설명 → explanation
  • 시간 → time
  • 순서대로 → in order
  • 정리하다 → to organize
  • 지나다 → to pass
  • 관점 → viewpoint
Tip 💡 Noun standard? Use N에 따라. Changing clause? Use -(으)ㅁ에 따라.
 

Exercise 4 — Formal Report Style 🧾

A. 사용량이 증가함에 따라 서버 비용이 ＿＿＿＿.
[sa-yong-nyang-i jeung-ga-ha-me tta-ra seo-beo bi-yong-i ＿＿＿＿]
As usage increased, server cost rose. 🖥️
Answer
상승했습니다.
B. 자료가 많아짐에 따라 분석 시간이 ＿＿＿＿.
[ja-ryo-ga ma-na-ji-me tta-ra bun-seok si-ga-ni ＿＿＿＿]
As data became more numerous, analysis time increased. 📊
Answer
늘어났습니다.
C. 시장이 확대됨에 따라 경쟁이 ＿＿＿＿.
[si-jang-i hwak-dae-doe-me tta-ra gyeong-jaeng-i ＿＿＿＿]
As the market expanded, competition intensified. 🏪
Answer
심해졌습니다.
D. 기술이 발전함에 따라 가능성이 ＿＿＿＿.
[gi-su-ri bal-jeon-ha-me tta-ra ga-neung-seong-i ＿＿＿＿]
As technology developed, possibilities expanded. 💻
Answer
넓어졌습니다.
E. 관심이 높아짐에 따라 문의도 ＿＿＿＿.
[gwan-si-mi no-pa-ji-me tta-ra mun-ui-do ＿＿＿＿]
As interest became higher, inquiries also increased. 📩
Answer
증가했습니다.
F. 위험이 줄어듦에 따라 부담이 ＿＿＿＿.
[wi-heo-mi ju-reo-deu-reu-me tta-ra bu-da-mi ＿＿＿＿]
As risk decreased, the burden became lighter. 🪶
Answer
가벼워졌습니다.
G. 논의가 깊어짐에 따라 핵심이 ＿＿＿＿.
[no-nui-ga gi-peo-ji-me tta-ra haek-si-mi ＿＿＿＿]
As discussion deepened, the core became clear. 🎯
Answer
분명해졌습니다.
H. 제도가 개선됨에 따라 만족도가 ＿＿＿＿.
[je-do-ga gae-seon-doe-me tta-ra man-jok-do-ga ＿＿＿＿]
As the system improved, satisfaction increased. 🙂
Answer
높아졌습니다.
I. 필요가 늘어남에 따라 인력도 ＿＿＿＿.
[pi-ryo-ga neu-reo-na-me tta-ra il-lyeok-do ＿＿＿＿]
As the need increased, staff also increased. 👥
Answer
늘어났습니다.
J. 시간이 지남에 따라 기억이 ＿＿＿＿.
[si-ga-ni ji-na-me tta-ra gi-eo-gi ＿＿＿＿]
As time passed, memory became blurry. 🌫️
Answer
흐려졌습니다.
🧾
Vocabulary Box
  • 사용량 → usage amount
  • 증가하다 → to increase
  • 서버 → server
  • 비용 → cost
  • 상승하다 → to rise
  • 자료 → data/materials
  • 많아지다 → to become more numerous
  • 분석 → analysis
  • 시간 → time
  • 늘어나다 → to increase
  • 시장 → market
  • 확대되다 → to expand
  • 경쟁 → competition
  • 심해지다 → to intensify
  • 기술 → technology
  • 발전하다 → to develop
  • 가능성 → possibility
  • 넓어지다 → to become wider
  • 관심 → interest
  • 높아지다 → to become higher
  • 문의 → inquiry
  • 위험 → risk
  • 줄어들다 → to decrease
  • 부담 → burden
  • 가벼워지다 → to become lighter
  • 논의 → discussion
  • 깊어지다 → to deepen
  • 핵심 → core
  • 분명해지다 → to become clear
  • 제도 → system
  • 개선되다 → to improve
  • 만족도 → satisfaction level
  • 필요 → need
  • 인력 → staff/workforce
  • 지나다 → to pass
  • 기억 → memory
  • 흐려지다 → to become blurry
Tip 💡 Formal reports often use -습니다 endings after this pattern.
 

Exercise 5 — Mixed Mastery + Pitfall Patrol 🛡️

A. ❌ 상황에 따라 문제가 커졌어요 → ✅ 상황이 변＿＿＿＿ 문제가 커졌어요.
[sang-hwang-i byeon＿＿＿＿ mun-je-ga keo-jyeo-sseo-yo]
Fix it to mean “as the situation changed.” 🔄
Answer
함에 따라 — 상황이 변함에 따라 문제가 커졌어요.
B. ❌ 줄어들음에 따라 → ✅ ＿＿＿＿
[ju-reo-deu-reu-me tta-ra → ＿＿＿＿]
Fix the spelling. 📉
Answer
줄어듦에 따라 — 줄어들다 is a ㄹ-ending stem.
C. ❌ 기술 발전함에 따라 → ✅ ＿＿＿＿
[gi-sul bal-jeon-ha-me tta-ra → ＿＿＿＿]
Add the subject particle. 💻
Answer
기술이 발전함에 따라.
D. Choose the changing-clause form:
① 기온에 따라 / ② 기온이 상승함에 따라
[gi-o-ne tta-ra / gi-o-ni sang-seung-ha-me tta-ra]
as temperature rises 🌡️
Answer
② 기온이 상승함에 따라.
E. Choose the noun-standard form:
① 결과에 따라 / ② 결과가 변함에 따라
[gyeol-gwa-e tta-ra / gyeol-gwa-ga byeon-ha-me tta-ra]
depending on the result 📊
Answer
① 결과에 따라.
F. 시간이 지남에 따라 관계가 깊어졌어요. means:
[si-ga-ni ji-na-me tta-ra gwan-gye-ga gi-peo-jyeo-sseo-yo]
Answer
As time passed, the relationship deepened. 🤝
G. 관심이 높아짐에 따라 참여자가 늘어났어요. means:
[gwan-si-mi no-pa-ji-me tta-ra cham-yeo-ja-ga neu-reo-na-sseo-yo]
Answer
As interest became higher, participants increased. 👥
H. 개선되다 → ＿＿＿＿
[gae-seon-doe-da → ＿＿＿＿]
as it improves 🧰
Answer
개선됨에 따라.
I. 많아지다 → ＿＿＿＿
[ma-na-ji-da → ＿＿＿＿]
as it becomes more numerous 🌱
Answer
많아짐에 따라.
J. 논의가 깊어짐에 따라 차이가 분명해졌어요. What changed?
[no-nui-ga gi-peo-ji-me tta-ra cha-i-ga bun-myeong-hae-jyeo-sseo-yo]
Answer
차이 became clear as 논의 deepened. 🎯
🛡️
Vocabulary Box
  • 상황 → situation
  • 변하다 → to change
  • 문제 → problem
  • 커지다 → to grow / become bigger
  • 줄어들다 → to decrease
  • 기술 → technology
  • 발전하다 → to develop
  • 기온 → temperature
  • 상승하다 → to rise
  • 결과 → result
  • 시간 → time
  • 지나다 → to pass
  • 관계 → relationship
  • 깊어지다 → to deepen
  • 관심 → interest
  • 높아지다 → to become higher
  • 참여자 → participant
  • 늘어나다 → to increase
  • 개선되다 → to improve
  • 많아지다 → to become more numerous
  • 논의 → discussion
  • 차이 → difference
  • 분명해지다 → to become clear
Tip 💡 Final boss check: if the meaning is “as X changes,” the first part usually needs a subject plus -(으)ㅁ에 따라.
 
🎉 You finished the trend grammar workout. Now you can describe polished cause-and-change relationships like 기술이 발전함에 따라, 관심이 높아짐에 따라, and 시간이 지남에 따라. Your Korean reports just leveled up. 📈✨