💼

Formal Business Endings: 하십시오체 Mastery

Keywords
격식체
Lesson #
S
Done
Section
Intermediate Grammar
💼
TL;DR 🦄
  • 하십시오체 [ha-sip-si-o-che] is the formal polite style used in business, presentations, announcements, interviews, customer service, and official instructions.
  • The core business endings are -ㅂ니다/습니다 for statements, -ㅂ니까/습니까? for questions, and -(으)십시오 for formal requests or instructions.
  • For polished business speech, also learn -겠습니다 for formal intention/promise and -(으)시- when the subject deserves respect.
🔊
🎧 Iru Helper Note Use
Korean Helper Widgets
Korean Helper Widgets
to compare 확인해요 [hwa-gi-nae-yo], 확인합니다 [hwa-gi-nam-ni-da], and 확인해 주십시오 [hwa-gi-nae ju-sip-si-o]. Listen for how 하십시오체 sounds crisp, official, and business-ready.
 

🌈 The Big Picture

하십시오체 is Korean’s formal polite “business suit” style. It is respectful toward the listener and gives your sentence a polished, official feel. You hear it in:
  • presentations and speeches 🎤
  • business meetings and interviews 👔
  • announcements and public notices 📢
  • customer-service scripts 🛎️
  • formal emails, reports, and company instructions 📄
 
Compare the same idea in two polite styles:
  • 회의가 시작돼요. [hoe-ui-ga si-jak-dwae-yo] — The meeting starts. (polite, conversational)
  • 회의가 시작됩니다. [hoe-ui-ga si-jak-doem-ni-da] — The meeting starts. (formal, official)
 
Both are polite. 해요체 is warm and everyday; 하십시오체 is formal and professional.

🎨 The Core Business Ending Family

1. Formal statements: -ㅂ니다/습니다

Use this for business statements, reports, and formal explanations.
  • vowel stem + ㅂ니다
    • 가다 → 갑니다 [gam-ni-da] — go/goes
    • 보다 → 봅니다 [bom-ni-da] — see/watch
  • consonant stem + 습니다
    • 먹다 → 먹습니다 [meok-sseum-ni-da] — eat/eats
    • 읽다 → 읽습니다 [ik-sseum-ni-da] — read/reads
  • 하다 → 합니다 [ham-ni-da]
    • 확인하다 → 확인합니다 — confirm/check
    • 진행하다 → 진행합니다 — proceed/carry out
 

2. Formal questions: -ㅂ니까/습니까?

Use this for formal questions in interviews, meetings, and official situations.
  • 지금 시작합니까? [ji-geum si-jak-ham-ni-kka] — Do we start now?
  • 자료를 받으셨습니까? [ja-ryo-reul ba-deu-syeot-sseum-ni-kka] — Did you receive the materials?
  • 질문이 있습니까? [jil-mu-ni it-sseum-ni-kka] — Are there any questions?
 

3. Formal requests/instructions: -(으)십시오

Use this for official instructions, announcements, and formal service language.
  • vowel stem + 십시오
    • 가다 → 가십시오 — Please go.
    • 기다리다 → 기다리십시오 — Please wait.
  • consonant stem + 으십시오
    • 읽다 → 읽으십시오 — Please read.
    • 앉다 → 앉으십시오 — Please sit.
  • favor/request frame:
    • 확인해 주십시오. — Please check/confirm.
    • 연락해 주십시오. — Please contact us/me.
 

4. Formal intention/promise: -겠습니다

Use -겠습니다 when you politely announce what you will do, especially in business.
  • 제가 확인하겠습니다. [je-ga hwa-gi-na-ge-sseum-ni-da] — I will check.
  • 곧 연락드리겠습니다. [got yeol-lak-deu-ri-ge-sseum-ni-da] — I will contact you soon.
  • 발표를 시작하겠습니다. [bal-pyo-reul si-jak-ha-ge-sseum-ni-da] — I will begin the presentation.
 

5. Formal respectful subject: -(으)시- + business ending

When the subject is a client, teacher, boss, guest, or respected person, combine honorific -(으)시- with formal endings.
  • 대표님이 오십니다. [dae-pyo-ni-mi o-sim-ni-da] — The CEO/representative is coming.
  • 고객님께서 기다리십니다. [go-gaeng-nim-kke-seo gi-da-ri-sim-ni-da] — The customer is waiting.
  • 자료를 받으셨습니까? [ja-ryo-reul ba-deu-syeot-sseum-ni-kka] — Did you receive the materials?

🛠️ How It Works in Business Sentences

  • 회의는 3시에 시작됩니다. [hoe-ui-neun se-si-e si-jak-doem-ni-da] — The meeting starts at 3. 💼
  • 자료를 이메일로 보내 드리겠습니다. [ja-ryo-reul i-me-il-lo bo-nae deu-ri-ge-sseum-ni-da] — I will send the materials by email. 📧
  • 잠시만 기다려 주십시오. [jam-si-man gi-da-ryeo ju-sip-si-o] — Please wait just a moment. ⏳
  • 문의 사항이 있으시면 연락해 주십시오. [mun-ui sa-hang-i i-sseu-si-myeon yeol-lak-hae ju-sip-si-o] — If you have questions, please contact us. ☎️
  • 오늘 안건을 설명드리겠습니다. [o-neul an-geo-neul seol-myeong-deu-ri-ge-sseum-ni-da] — I will explain today’s agenda. 📋
 
Notice the business rhythm:
  1. State facts clearly with -ㅂ니다/습니다.
  1. Ask formal questions with -ㅂ니까/습니까?.
  1. Give formal instructions with -(으)십시오.
  1. Promise action with -겠습니다.

🧩 Formation Rules

A. Statements

  • vowel stem + ㅂ니다
    • 가다 → 갑니다
    • 오다 → 옵니다
    • 마시다 → 마십니다
  • consonant stem + 습니다
    • 받다 → 받습니다
    • 읽다 → 읽습니다
    • 있다 → 있습니다
  • 하다 → 합니다
    • 확인하다 → 확인합니다
    • 준비하다 → 준비합니다
 

B. Questions

  • vowel stem + ㅂ니까?
    • 가다 → 갑니까?
    • 오다 → 옵니까?
  • consonant stem + 습니까?
    • 받다 → 받습니까?
    • 있다 → 있습니까?
  • 하다 → 합니까?
    • 확인하다 → 확인합니까?
 

C. Requests / instructions

  • vowel stem + 십시오
    • 가다 → 가십시오
    • 기다리다 → 기다리십시오
  • consonant stem + 으십시오
    • 읽다 → 읽으십시오
    • 앉다 → 앉으십시오
  • 하다 → 하십시오
    • 확인하다 → 확인하십시오
 

D. Formal “I will”: -겠습니다

Attach to the verb stem.
  • 하다 → 하겠습니다
  • 보내다 → 보내겠습니다
  • 확인하다 → 확인하겠습니다
  • 안내하다 → 안내하겠습니다

🔊 Pronunciation & Sound Notes

Formal endings often sound different from how they look:
  • 갑니다 is pronounced roughly [감니다 / gam-ni-da].
  • 합니다 is pronounced roughly [함니다 / ham-ni-da].
  • 읽습니다 is commonly pronounced [익씀니다 / ik-sseum-ni-da].
  • 있습니다 is pronounced [읻씀니다 / it-sseum-ni-da].
 
Do not panic: the spelling stays the same. The pronunciation just follows Korean sound-change rules.

🧭 Business Usage Map

Use -ㅂ니다/습니다 for:
  • reporting facts: 매출이 증가했습니다. — Sales increased.
  • announcements: 회의가 시작됩니다. — The meeting starts.
  • presentations: 다음 내용을 설명합니다. — I explain the next content.
 
Use -ㅂ니까/습니까? for:
  • interviews: 경험이 있습니까? — Do you have experience?
  • formal checks: 자료를 받으셨습니까? — Did you receive the materials?
  • meeting questions: 의견이 있습니까? — Are there any opinions?
 
Use -(으)십시오 for:
  • instructions: 문서를 확인하십시오. — Please check the document.
  • notices: 안내문을 읽으십시오. — Please read the notice.
  • formal service scripts: 잠시 기다려 주십시오. — Please wait a moment.
 
Use -겠습니다 for:
  • promises: 다시 연락드리겠습니다. — I will contact you again.
  • presentation moves: 지금부터 설명드리겠습니다. — I will now explain.
  • polite decisions: 제가 담당하겠습니다. — I will take charge.

📚 Cross-check note

The 하십시오체 business endings -ㅂ니다/습니다, -ㅂ니까/습니까?, -(으)십시오, and formal intention -겠습니다 align with standard Korean descriptions of formal polite listener-honorific speech and were cross-checked against prior lessons in this course.

🪞 Synonym & Usage Alert

Related terms:
  • 하십시오체 — formal polite style; the main target of this lesson.
  • 합쇼체 — another label often used for this formal style.
  • 격식체 — formal style.
  • 해요체 — everyday polite style; polite but less formal.
  • 존댓말 — broad everyday word for polite/respectful speech.
 
Important distinction:
  • 확인합니다 = I/they check; formal statement.
  • 확인합니까? = Do you/they check? formal question.
  • 확인하십시오 = Please check; formal instruction.
  • 확인하겠습니다 = I will check; formal promise/intention.

⚠️ Pitfalls to Dodge

  • 먹습니다요 → ✅ 먹습니다 or 먹어요. Do not stack -습니다 and .
  • 갑니다? for a formal question → ✅ 갑니까?.
  • 가습니다 → ✅ 갑니다. Vowel stems use ㅂ니다.
  • 읽십시오 → ✅ 읽으십시오. Consonant stems use 으십시오.
  • ❌ Using 하십시오 for a warm personal favor when it sounds too stiff → ✅ use 해주세요 or 해 주시겠어요? in normal conversation.
  • ❌ Honorific-ing yourself: 제가 확인하시겠습니다 → ✅ 제가 확인하겠습니다.
  • ❌ Forgetting honorifics for respected subjects in business: 대표님이 옵니다 can be grammatical, but 대표님이 오십니다 sounds more respectful.

You now have the business-ending toolkit: 합니다 for statements, 합니까? for questions, 하십시오 for formal instructions, and 하겠습니다 for polished intention. Tiny office blazer equipped. 💼✨
 

Try this exercise

Instructions: Fill each blank with the correct 하십시오체 business ending. Say it aloud, then open the Answer toggle.
1. 회의가 지금 시작____.
[hoe-ui-ga ji-geum si-jak ____]
The meeting starts now. 💼
Answer
합니다시작하다 → 시작합니다.
2. 자료를 받____?
[ja-ryo-reul bat ____]
Did/Do you receive the materials? 📄
Answer
습니까받다 is a consonant stem: 받습니까?
3. 잠시 기다리____.
[jam-si gi-da-ri ____]
Please wait a moment. ⏳
Answer
십시오기다리다 → 기다리십시오.
4. 제가 확인하____.
[je-ga hwa-gin-ha ____]
I will check. ✅
Answer
겠습니다 — formal promise/intention: 확인하겠습니다.
5. 질문이 있____?
[jil-mu-ni it ____]
Are there any questions? ❓
Answer
습니까있다 → 있습니까?
6. 안내문을 읽____.
[an-nae-mu-neul ilg ____]
Please read the notice. 📋
Answer
으십시오 — consonant stem + 으십시오: 읽으십시오.
7. 대표님이 곧 오____.
[dae-pyo-ni-mi got o ____]
The CEO/representative is coming soon. 👔
Answer
십니다 — honorific 오시다 + formal statement: 오십니다.
8. 다시 연락드리____.
[da-si yeol-lak-deu-ri ____]
I will contact you again. ☎️
Answer
겠습니다연락드리겠습니다.
9. 이 문서를 확인____.
[i mun-seo-reul hwa-gin ____]
Please check this document. 🗂️
Answer
하십시오확인하다 → 확인하십시오.
10. 오늘 안건을 설명____.
[o-neul an-geo-neul seol-myeong ____]
I explain today’s agenda. 📌
Answer
합니다설명하다 → 설명합니다.
📚
Vocabulary Box
  • 회의 → meeting
  • 시작하다 → to start
  • 자료 → materials/data
  • 받다 → to receive
  • 잠시 → a moment
  • 기다리다 → to wait
  • 확인하다 → to check/confirm
  • 질문 → question
  • 대표님 → CEO/representative, respectfully
  • 연락드리다 → to contact, humbly/politely
  • 문서 → document
  • 안건 → agenda item
Tip 💡 합니다 states, 합니까? asks, 하십시오 instructs, and 하겠습니다 promises.

🚀
Want more reps? The Practice Hub below turns formal business endings into automatic professional Korean. 💼
 
📦
🎯 Practice Hub — Formal Business Endings: 하십시오체 Mastery
 
Welcome to the business Korean command center. 💼 This Practice Hub trains you to choose formal statements, questions, instructions, and promises without mixing endings. The goal is clean, confident, professional Korean.
 
🔊 Audio reminder: Use
Korean Helper Widgets
Korean Helper Widgets
whenever you want to hear the crisp sound of -ㅂ니다/습니다, -ㅂ니까/습니까?, and -(으)십시오.
 
📝 Instructions: Fill each blank. Check whether the sentence is a statement, question, instruction, or formal promise.
 

Exercise 1 — Formal Statements: -ㅂ니다/습니다 🧾

A. 회의가 시작____.
[hoe-ui-ga si-jak ____]
The meeting starts. 💼
Answer
합니다시작하다 → 시작합니다.
B. 저는 보고서를 쓰____.
[jeo-neun bo-go-seo-reul sseu ____]
I write the report. 📄
Answer
ㅂ니다쓰다 → 씁니다.
C. 팀이 자료를 준비____.
[ti-mi ja-ryo-reul jun-bi ____]
The team prepares the materials. 📁
Answer
합니다준비하다 → 준비합니다.
D. 고객이 이메일을 받____.
[go-gae-gi i-me-il-eul bat ____]
The customer receives the email. 📧
Answer
습니다받다 → 받습니다.
E. 저는 매출을 확인____.
[jeo-neun mae-chu-reul hwa-gin ____]
I check the sales. 📊
Answer
합니다확인하다 → 확인합니다.
F. 문제가 있____.
[mun-je-ga it ____]
There is a problem. ⚠️
Answer
습니다있다 → 있습니다.
G. 회의실이 크____.
[hoe-ui-si-ri keu ____]
The meeting room is big. 🏢
Answer
ㅂ니다크다 → 큽니다.
H. 프로젝트가 끝나____.
[peu-ro-jek-teu-ga kkeut-na ____]
The project ends. ✅
Answer
ㅂ니다끝나다 → 끝납니다.
I. 직원이 안내문을 읽____.
[ji-go-woni an-nae-mu-neul ilg ____]
The employee reads the notice. 📋
Answer
습니다읽다 → 읽습니다.
J. 이것은 회사 규정____.
[i-geo-seun hoe-sa gyu-jeong ____]
This is company policy. 🏛️
Answer
입니다 — noun + 입니다.
📚
Vocabulary Box
  • 회의 → meeting
  • 보고서 → report
  • 자료 → materials/data
  • 고객 → customer/client
  • 매출 → sales/revenue
  • 문제 → problem
  • 회의실 → meeting room
  • 프로젝트 → project
  • 직원 → employee
  • 규정 → rule/policy
Tip 💡 Formal statements end in : 합니다, 있습니다, 입니다.
 

Exercise 2 — Formal Questions: -ㅂ니까/습니까? ❓

A. 지금 회의를 시작____?
[ji-geum hoe-ui-reul si-jak ____]
Do we start the meeting now? 💼
Answer
합니까시작하다 → 시작합니까?
B. 자료를 받____?
[ja-ryo-reul bat ____]
Did/Do you receive the materials? 📄
Answer
습니까받다 → 받습니까?
C. 질문이 있____?
[jil-mu-ni it ____]
Are there any questions? ❓
Answer
습니까있다 → 있습니까?
D. 일정이 맞____?
[il-jeong-i mat ____]
Does the schedule work/match? 🗓️
Answer
습니까맞다 → 맞습니까?
E. 보고서를 쓰____?
[bo-go-seo-reul sseu ____]
Do you write the report? 📄
Answer
ㅂ니까쓰다 → 씁니까?
F. 이 내용을 이해____?
[i nae-yong-eul i-hae ____]
Do you understand this content? 🧠
Answer
합니까이해하다 → 이해합니까?
G. 회의실이 비어 있____?
[hoe-ui-si-ri bi-eo it ____]
Is the meeting room empty? 🚪
Answer
습니까있다 → 있습니까?
H. 내일 출근____?
[nae-il chul-geun ____]
Do you come to work tomorrow? 🏢
Answer
합니까출근하다 → 출근합니까?
I. 이분이 담당자____?
[i-bu-ni dam-dang-ja ____]
Is this person the person in charge? 👤
Answer
입니까 — noun + 입니까?
J. 파일을 열____?
[pa-i-reul yeol ____]
Do you open the file? 🗂️
Answer
ㅂ니까열다 drops ㄹ before ㅂ니까: 엽니까?
📚
Vocabulary Box
  • 시작하다 → to start
  • 받다 → to receive
  • 질문 → question
  • 일정 → schedule
  • 맞다 → to fit/be correct
  • 이해하다 → to understand
  • 비어 있다 → to be empty
  • 출근하다 → to go to work
  • 담당자 → person in charge
  • 파일 → file
Tip 💡 Formal questions end in 까?, not 다?.
 

Exercise 3 — Formal Requests & Instructions: -(으)십시오 📋

A. 잠시 기다리____.
[jam-si gi-da-ri ____]
Please wait a moment. ⏳
Answer
십시오기다리다 → 기다리십시오.
B. 안내문을 읽____.
[an-nae-mu-neul ilg ____]
Please read the notice. 📋
Answer
으십시오 — consonant stem + 으십시오: 읽으십시오.
C. 여기에 이름을 쓰____.
[yeo-gi-e i-reu-meul sseu ____]
Please write your name here. 🪪
Answer
십시오쓰다 → 쓰십시오.
D. 회의실로 가____.
[hoe-ui-sil-lo ga ____]
Please go to the meeting room. 🚶
Answer
십시오가다 → 가십시오.
E. 자리에 앉____.
[ja-ri-e anj ____]
Please sit in your seat. 🪑
Answer
으십시오앉다 → 앉으십시오.
F. 이 문서를 확인____.
[i mun-seo-reul hwa-gin ____]
Please check this document. 🗂️
Answer
하십시오확인하다 → 확인하십시오.
G. 서명을 하____.
[seo-myeong-eul ha ____]
Please sign. ✍️
Answer
십시오하다 → 하십시오.
H. 문의 사항은 이메일로 보내____.
[mun-ui sa-hang-eun i-me-il-lo bo-nae ____]
Please send inquiries by email. 📧
Answer
십시오보내다 → 보내십시오.
I. 필요한 정보를 입력____.
[pi-ryo-han jeong-bo-reul ip-ryeok ____]
Please enter the necessary information. ⌨️
Answer
하십시오입력하다 → 입력하십시오.
J. 문을 열____.
[mu-neul yeol ____]
Please open the door. 🚪
Answer
십시오 — ㄹ-drop: 열다 → 여십시오.
📚
Vocabulary Box
  • 기다리다 → to wait
  • 안내문 → notice/information sheet
  • 이름 → name
  • 회의실 → meeting room
  • 자리 → seat/place
  • 확인하다 → to check
  • 서명 → signature
  • 문의 사항 → inquiry/questions
  • 정보 → information
  • 입력하다 → to enter/input
Tip 💡 -(으)십시오 is formal and official. In normal conversation, -아/어 주세요 is often warmer.
 

Exercise 4 — Formal Promise/Intention: -겠습니다 🤝

A. 제가 확인하____.
[je-ga hwa-gin-ha ____]
I will check. ✅
Answer
겠습니다확인하겠습니다.
B. 자료를 보내____.
[ja-ryo-reul bo-nae ____]
I will send the materials. 📧
Answer
겠습니다보내겠습니다.
C. 다시 연락드리____.
[da-si yeol-lak-deu-ri ____]
I will contact you again. ☎️
Answer
겠습니다연락드리겠습니다.
D. 오늘 내용을 설명하____.
[o-neul nae-yong-eul seol-myeong-ha ____]
I will explain today’s content. 📌
Answer
겠습니다설명하겠습니다.
E. 제가 담당하____.
[je-ga dam-dang-ha ____]
I will take charge. 👤
Answer
겠습니다담당하겠습니다.
F. 문제를 해결하____.
[mun-je-reul hae-gyeol-ha ____]
I will solve the problem. 🛠️
Answer
겠습니다해결하겠습니다.
G. 먼저 발표하____.
[meon-jeo bal-pyo-ha ____]
I will present first. 🎤
Answer
겠습니다발표하겠습니다.
H. 일정을 조정하____.
[il-jeong-eul jo-jeong-ha ____]
I will adjust the schedule. 🗓️
Answer
겠습니다조정하겠습니다.
I. 파일을 다시 올리____.
[pa-i-reul da-si ol-li ____]
I will upload the file again. ⬆️
Answer
겠습니다올리겠습니다.
J. 곧 안내하____.
[got an-nae-ha ____]
I will guide/inform you soon. 🧭
Answer
겠습니다안내하겠습니다.
📚
Vocabulary Box
  • 확인하다 → to check
  • 보내다 → to send
  • 연락드리다 → to contact, politely/humbly
  • 설명하다 → to explain
  • 담당하다 → to be in charge
  • 해결하다 → to solve
  • 발표하다 → to present
  • 조정하다 → to adjust
  • 올리다 → to upload/raise
  • 안내하다 → to guide/inform
Tip 💡 -겠습니다 makes your intention sound formal, responsible, and professional.
 

Exercise 5 — Mixed Mastery + Pitfall Patrol 🛡️

A.먹습니다요 → ✅ ____
Answer
먹습니다 — do not stack -습니다 and .
B.갑니다? → ✅ ____?
Answer
갑니까? — formal questions use -ㅂ니까/습니까?.
C.가습니다 → ✅ ____
Answer
갑니다 — vowel stem + ㅂ니다.
D.읽십시오 → ✅ ____
Answer
읽으십시오 — consonant stem + 으십시오.
E. 확인합니다 — statement, question, instruction, or promise?
Answer
Statement — 확인합니다 means “I/they check” formally.
F. 확인합니까? — statement, question, instruction, or promise?
Answer
Question — 합니까? asks formally.
G. 확인하십시오 — statement, question, instruction, or promise?
Answer
Instruction/request — 하십시오 means “please do/check” formally.
H. 확인하겠습니다 — statement, question, instruction, or promise?
Answer
Promise/intention — “I will check” in formal business speech.
I.제가 확인하시겠습니다 → ✅ 제가 ____
Answer
확인하겠습니다 — do not use subject honorific -(으)시- for yourself.
J. 대표님이 오____.
[dae-pyo-ni-mi o ____]
The CEO/representative is coming. 👔
Answer
십니다 — respected subject: 오시다 → 오십니다.
📚
Vocabulary Box
  • 먹다 → to eat
  • 가다 → to go
  • 읽다 → to read
  • 확인하다 → to check
  • 대표님 → CEO/representative, respectfully
  • -ㅂ니다/습니다 → formal statement
  • -ㅂ니까/습니까? → formal question
  • -(으)십시오 → formal request/instruction
  • -겠습니다 → formal intention/promise
  • -(으)시- → subject honorific
Tip 💡 Business Korean is not just “more polite.” It is precise: statement, question, instruction, or promise.
 
🎉 Mastery complete. You can now make Korean sentences sound ready for meetings, interviews, announcements, and polished business communication. Suit jacket: on. 💼✨