TL;DR ๐ฆ
- ๐งช ์คํ ๊ฐ๋ฅ์ฑ means whether a plan can actually be carried out with available people, time, technology, money, and conditions. (feasibility)
- โ๏ธ ํ๋น์ฑ means whether something is reasonable, valid, justified, or logically convincing. (validity / justification)
- ๐ธ ๊ฒฝ์ ์ฑ means whether the costs, benefits, efficiency, and financial logic make sense. (economic viability)
๐ง Iru Helper Note โ Phrases like ์ฌ์
์ ํ๋น์ฑ์ ๊ฒํ ํ๋ค (to review the validity of a project) sound very formal, so try them in Korean Helper Widgets. Your ears deserve a feasibility study too. ๐ง
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๐ The Big Picture
Before a policy, project, business idea, or research plan begins, Korean texts often ask: โCan we actually do this, and does it make sense?โ That is where ์คํ ๊ฐ๋ฅ์ฑ (feasibility), ํ๋น์ฑ (validity / justification), and ๊ฒฝ์ ์ฑ (economic viability) appear. ๐งญ
These words overlap, but they are not the same. ์คํ ๊ฐ๋ฅ์ฑ checks practical conditions: staff, time, budget, law, technology, and capacity. ํ๋น์ฑ checks the reason or logic: whether the plan is justified and appropriate. ๊ฒฝ์ ์ฑ checks money logic: whether the expected benefit is worth the cost. ๐ฐ
A proposal can be logically valid but hard to execute. It can be technically possible but economically weak. It can be cheap but socially unjustified. Advanced Korean analysis gets sharper when you separate these evaluation lenses. ๐
๐จ The Core Feasibility Family
- ์คํ ๊ฐ๋ฅ์ฑ = feasibility; the possibility of actually carrying out a plan.
- ํ๋น์ฑ = validity / reasonableness / justification. It asks whether the plan or claim makes sense.
- ๊ฒฝ์ ์ฑ = economic viability; whether costs and benefits are reasonable.
- ๊ฒํ = review / examination. A formal word for checking something carefully.
- ๋ถ์ = analysis. Used when examining data, causes, effects, or feasibility factors.
- ํ๊ฐ = evaluation. Used when judging value, quality, effect, or performance.
- ๋น์ฉ ๋๋น ํจ๊ณผ = cost-effectiveness. Literally โeffect compared to cost.โ
- ์ ์ฝ ์์ธ = constraint factor. Something that limits execution.
๐ ๏ธ How They Work in a Sentence
- ์ ๋ถ๋ ์ ๊ตํต ์ ์ฑ ์ ์คํ ๊ฐ๋ฅ์ฑ์ ๊ฒํ ํ๊ณ ์๋ค. (The government is reviewing the feasibility of the new transportation policy.) ๐
๊ตํต ์ ์ฑ
= transportation policy, ๊ฒํ ํ๋ค = to review, ์๋ค here shows an ongoing action.
- ์ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ ํ๋น์ฑ์ ๋์ด๋ ค๋ฉด ์ถฉ๋ถํ ์๋ฃ๊ฐ ํ์ํ๋ค. (To increase the validity of the research results, sufficient data is necessary.) ๐
์ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ = research results, ์ถฉ๋ถํ ์๋ฃ = sufficient data, ํ์ํ๋ค = to be necessary.
- ์ด ์ฌ์ ์ ๊ฒฝ์ ์ฑ์ด ๋ฎ์ ์ฅ๊ธฐ ์ถ์ง์ด ์ด๋ ต๋ค. (This project has low economic viability, so long-term implementation is difficult.) ๐๏ธ
์ฌ์
= project/business, ๋ฎ๋ค = to be low, ์ฅ๊ธฐ ์ถ์ง = long-term implementation.
๐งฉ General Formation Rule
Evaluation vocabulary often forms compact noun phrases:
- ์คํ (execution) + ๊ฐ๋ฅ์ฑ (possibility) โ ์คํ ๊ฐ๋ฅ์ฑ (feasibility)
- ๊ฒฝ์ (economy) + ์ฑ (quality/characteristic) โ ๊ฒฝ์ ์ฑ (economic viability)
- ํ๋น (valid/reasonable) + ์ฑ (quality/characteristic) โ ํ๋น์ฑ (validity)
- ๋น์ฉ (cost) + ํจ๊ณผ (effect) โ ๋น์ฉ ํจ๊ณผ (cost-effectiveness)
Helpful verb pairings:
- ์คํ ๊ฐ๋ฅ์ฑ์ ๊ฒํ ํ๋ค (to review feasibility)
- ํ๋น์ฑ์ ํ๊ฐํ๋ค (to evaluate validity)
- ๊ฒฝ์ ์ฑ์ ๋ถ์ํ๋ค (to analyze economic viability)
- ์ ์ฝ ์์ธ์ ํ์ ํ๋ค (to identify constraint factors)
- ๋์์ ๋น๊ตํ๋ค (to compare alternatives)
๐ Cross-check note
Key vocabulary and formal usage were cross-checked against ๊ตญ๋ฆฝ๊ตญ์ด์ / korean.go.kr and public Korean planning documents where ๊ธฐ์ ์ ํ๋น์ฑ, ๊ฒฝ์ ์ ํ๋น์ฑ, and ๊ฒํ ๋จ๊ณ appear in project-review contexts. โ
๐ช Synonym Alert
- ์คํ ๊ฐ๋ฅ์ฑ (feasibility) โ practical ability to carry out a plan.
- ์คํ ๊ฐ๋ฅ์ฑ (realizability) โ whether something can become real; close to feasibility, often broader.
- ํ๋น์ฑ (validity / justification) โ reasonableness, logic, or appropriateness.
- ์ ํฉ์ฑ (suitability / fit) โ whether something fits a purpose, condition, or standard.
- ๊ฒฝ์ ์ฑ (economic viability) โ money-side reasonableness, cost-benefit logic, or efficiency.
โ ๏ธ Pitfalls to Dodge
- โ ์คํ ๊ฐ๋ฅ์ฑ = โgood ideaโ โ โ it means the plan can realistically be carried out.
- โ ํ๋น์ฑ = โprofitableโ โ โ it means reasonable or justified; profitability is closer to ๊ฒฝ์ ์ฑ.
- โ ๊ฒฝ์ ์ฑ = โcheapโ โ โ it means economically reasonable, not just low-cost.
- โ ๊ฒํ and ๋ถ์ are identical โ โ ๊ฒํ is review; ๋ถ์ is deeper examination of parts, causes, or data.
- โ One positive factor proves feasibility โ โ feasibility depends on multiple constraints: budget, technology, time, law, people, and risk.
You now have the vocabulary to judge whether a plan is brilliant, buildable, and not secretly a budget-eating dragon. Practical, logical, economical โ the project-review trifecta. ๐งช๐ธ
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Try this exercise
Choose the best evaluation word for each sentence. Read the Korean first, decide whether the focus is feasibility, validity, economic viability, review, or constraint, then open the Answer toggle.
1. ์ ๋ฌธ๊ฐ๋ค์ ์ ๋์ ๊ณํ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ๊ฒํ ํ๋ค.
Experts reviewed the feasibility of the new urban plan. ๐๏ธ
Answer
์คํ ๊ฐ๋ฅ์ฑ โ The sentence asks whether the plan can actually be carried out.
2. ์๋ฃ๊ฐ ๋ถ์กฑํ๋ฉด ์ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด ์ฝํด์ง๋ค.
If data is insufficient, the validity of the research conclusion weakens. ๐
Answer
ํ๋น์ฑ โ The issue is whether the conclusion is justified and convincing.
3. ๋น์ฉ์ด ํจ๊ณผ๋ณด๋ค ํฌ๋ฉด ์ฌ์
์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด ๋ฎ๋ค๊ณ ๋ณผ ์ ์๋ค.
If the cost is greater than the effect, the projectโs economic viability can be seen as low. ๐ธ
Answer
๊ฒฝ์ ์ฑ โ This evaluates the cost-benefit side.
4. ๋ฒ์ ์ ํ์ ์ ์ฑ
์ถ์ง์ ์ค์ํ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ์์ธ์ด๋ค.
Legal limits are an important constraint factor for policy implementation. โ๏ธ
Answer
์ ์ฝ โ ์ ์ฝ ์์ธ means constraint factor.
5. ์ฌ๋ฌ ๋์์ ๋น๊ตํ ๋ค ์ต์ข
๋ฐฉ์์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ๋ค.
After comparing several alternatives, the final plan was reviewed. ๐งพ
Answer
๊ฒํ โ ๊ฒํ ํ๋ค means to review carefully.
6. ๊ธฐ์ ์ธ๋ ฅ์ด ๋ถ์กฑํ๋ฉด ์คํ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด ๋จ์ด์ง๋ค.
If technical personnel are insufficient, feasibility decreases. ๐งโ๐ป
Answer
๊ฐ๋ฅ์ฑ โ ์คํ ๊ฐ๋ฅ์ฑ is split here across the sentence.
7. ์ด ์ฃผ์ฅ์ ๋
ผ๋ฆฌ์ ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ ์ถฉ๋ถํด ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด ๋๋ค.
This argument has sufficient logical grounds, so its validity is high. ๐ง
Answer
ํ๋น์ฑ โ Logical grounds support ํ๋น์ฑ.
8. ์์ฐ ๋๋น ํจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ์ง๋ ๊ฒ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ๋ถ์์ ํด๋นํ๋ค.
Examining effect compared to budget belongs to economic analysis. ๐
Answer
๊ฒฝ์ ์ฑ โ Budget-versus-effect logic is ๊ฒฝ์ ์ฑ ๋ถ์.
9. ํ์ฅ ์กฐ๊ฑด์ ๋ง๋์ง ํ์ธํ๋ ๊ณผ์ ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ๋จ๊ณ์ ํฌํจ๋๋ค.
The process of checking whether it fits field conditions is included in the review stage. ๐ ๏ธ
Answer
๊ฒํ โ ๊ฒํ ๋จ๊ณ means the review stage.
10. ์ํ ์์๋ฅผ ๋ฏธ๋ฆฌ ํ์
ํด์ผ ๊ณํ์ ์คํ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ๋์ผ ์ ์๋ค.
Risk factors must be identified in advance to improve the planโs realizability. ๐ง
Answer
๊ฐ๋ฅ์ฑ โ ์คํ ๊ฐ๋ฅ์ฑ means realizability.
Vocabulary Box
- ์คํ ๊ฐ๋ฅ์ฑ โ feasibility
- ํ๋น์ฑ โ validity; reasonableness
- ๊ฒฝ์ ์ฑ โ economic viability
- ์ ์ฝ ์์ธ โ constraint factor
- ๊ฒํ ํ๋ค โ to review
- ๊ธฐ์ ์ธ๋ ฅ โ technical personnel
- ๋ ผ๋ฆฌ์ ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ โ logical grounds
- ์์ฐ ๋๋น ํจ๊ณผ โ effect compared to budget
- ๊ฒํ ๋จ๊ณ โ review stage
- ์คํ ๊ฐ๋ฅ์ฑ โ realizability
Tip ๐ก Ask three questions: Can we do it? Does it make sense? Is it worth the cost?
Want more reps? The Practice Hub below turns project-review vocabulary into clean analytical power. ๐งช
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๐ฏ Practice Hub โ Feasibility and Viability
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Welcome to your feasibility-and-viability practice zone. ๐งช This set helps you separate ์คํ ๊ฐ๋ฅ์ฑ (feasibility), ํ๋น์ฑ (validity), ๊ฒฝ์ ์ฑ (economic viability), and ๊ฒํ (review) so your Korean analysis sounds precise, not like a meeting slide pretending to be a plan.
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๐ Audio reminder: Use Korean Helper Widgets whenever long formal phrases need a listening check.
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๐ Instructions: Complete each sentence with the best project-review word or phrase. Focus on whether the sentence tests practical execution, logical justification, cost-benefit logic, review process, or limiting conditions.
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Exercise 1 โ Feasibility Checks ๐ ๏ธ
A. ์ ๋ฌธ ์ธ๋ ฅ์ด ๋ถ์กฑํ๋ฉด ์ฌ์
์ ์คํ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด ๋ฎ์์ง๋ค.
If specialized personnel are insufficient, the projectโs feasibility decreases. ๐งโ๐ผ
Answer
๊ฐ๋ฅ์ฑ โ ์คํ ๊ฐ๋ฅ์ฑ means feasibility in practical execution.
B. ๊ณํ์ ์ข์ง๋ง ์์ฐ์ด ์์ผ๋ฉด ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ๊ธฐ ์ด๋ ต๋ค.
The plan is good, but without budget, it is difficult to execute. ๐ฐ
Answer
์คํ โ The issue is carrying it out, not whether the idea sounds nice.
C. ๊ธฐ์ ์ ํ๊ณ๋ ํ๋ก์ ํธ ์ถ์ง์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ์์ธ์ด ๋ ์ ์๋ค.
Technical limitations can be a constraint factor in project implementation. ๐งช
Answer
์ ์ฝ โ ์ ์ฝ ์์ธ limits feasibility.
D. ํ์ฅ ์กฐ์ฌ๋ฅผ ํตํด ๊ณํ์ ์คํ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ํ์ธํ๋ค.
Through field research, the planโs realizability was confirmed. ๐
Answer
๊ฐ๋ฅ์ฑ โ ์คํ ๊ฐ๋ฅ์ฑ means whether something can become real.
E. ์ธํ๊ฐ ์ ์ฐจ๊ฐ ๋ณต์กํ๋ฉด ์คํ ์ผ์ ์ด ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋ ์ ์๋ค.
If permit procedures are complex, the execution schedule may be delayed. ๐ฐ๏ธ
Answer
์ง์ฐ โ ์ง์ฐ๋๋ค means to be delayed.
F. ์ฌ์
์ถ์ง ์ ์๋ ํ์ํ ์์์ ๋จผ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํด์ผ ํ๋ค.
Before project implementation, necessary resources must first be identified. ๐ฆ
Answer
ํ์
โ ํ์
ํ๋ค means to identify or grasp.
G. ์๋ฒ ์ด์์ ์คํ ๊ฐ๋ฅ์ฑ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ๋ ๋ฐ ๋์์ด ๋๋ค.
Pilot operation helps verify feasibility. ๐งช
Answer
๊ฒ์ฆ โ ๊ฒ์ฆํ๋ค means to verify.
H. ์๊ฐ๊ณผ ์ธ๋ ฅ์ด ์ถฉ๋ถํด์ผ ๊ณํ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ ์ ์๋ค.
Time and personnel must be sufficient for the plan to be carried out. โฑ๏ธ
Answer
์คํ โ ๊ณํ์ ์คํํ๋ค means to execute a plan.
I. ์ง์ญ ์ฃผ๋ฏผ์ ๋ฐ๋๋ ์ ์ฑ
์คํ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋ก ์์ฉํ ์ ์๋ค.
Local residentsโ opposition can act as an obstacle to policy execution. ๐๏ธ
Answer
์ฅ์ ๋ฌผ โ An obstacle that blocks execution is ์ฅ์ ๋ฌผ.
J. ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ผ์ ์ด ์์ผ๋ฉด ๊ณํ์ ์คํ๋ ฅ์ด ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋๋ค.
Without a concrete schedule, the planโs execution power weakens. ๐
Answer
์ฝํ โ ์ฝํ๋๋ค means to weaken.
Vocabulary Box
- ์ ๋ฌธ ์ธ๋ ฅ โ specialized personnel
- ์คํ ๊ฐ๋ฅ์ฑ โ feasibility
- ๊ธฐ์ ์ ํ๊ณ โ technical limitation
- ์ ์ฝ ์์ธ โ constraint factor
- ํ์ฅ ์กฐ์ฌ โ field research
- ์ง์ฐ๋๋ค โ to be delayed
- ์์์ ํ์ ํ๋ค โ to identify resources
- ๊ฒ์ฆํ๋ค โ to verify
- ์ฅ์ ๋ฌผ โ obstacle
- ์ฝํ๋๋ค โ to weaken
Tip ๐ก Feasibility is practical: people, money, time, technology, law, and risk all matter.
Exercise 2 โ Validity and Justification โ๏ธ
A. ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ ๋ถ์กฑํ ์ฃผ์ฅ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด ์ฝํ๋ค.
An argument with insufficient grounds has weak validity. ๐ง
Answer
ํ๋น์ฑ โ A claim needs logical or evidential support to have validity.
B. ์ ์ฑ
๋ชฉํ์ ์๋จ์ด ๋ง์ง ์์ผ๋ฉด ์ ์ฑ
์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ฑ์ด ๋จ์ด์ง๋ค.
If policy goals and means do not match, the policyโs suitability decreases. ๐งญ
Answer
์ ํฉ โ ์ ํฉ์ฑ means suitability or fit.
C. ์กฐ์ฌ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ์ด ๋ถ์คํ๋ฉด ์ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ์์ฌ๋ฐ์ ์ ์๋ค.
If the research method is poor, the validity of the research results may be questioned. ๐ฌ
Answer
ํ๋น์ฑ โ Research validity depends partly on method and data.
D. ์ ๊ท์ ๋ ๊ณต์ต์ด๋ผ๋ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์ ธ์ผ ํ๋ค.
The new regulation must have justification based on public interest. ๐๏ธ
Answer
๊ทผ๊ฑฐ โ ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ means basis or grounds.
E. ํ๋นํ ๊ฒฐ์ ์ ์ถฉ๋ถํ ์ ๋ณด์ ํฉ๋ฆฌ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ๊ธฐ๋ฐํ๋ค.
A valid decision is based on sufficient information and rational judgment. ๐งพ
Answer
ํ๋จ โ ํฉ๋ฆฌ์ ํ๋จ means rational judgment.
F. ์ฌํ์ ํฉ์๊ฐ ์์ผ๋ฉด ์ ๋ ๋์
์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ฑ์ด ์ฝํด์ง ์ ์๋ค.
Without social agreement, the legitimacy of introducing the system may weaken. ๐ค
Answer
์ ๋น โ ์ ๋น์ฑ means legitimacy.
G. ๋์์ ํ๋น์ฑ์ ํ๊ฐํ๋ ค๋ฉด ์ฅ๋จ์ ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํด์ผ ํ๋ค.
To evaluate the validity of an alternative, its pros and cons must be compared. โ๏ธ
Answer
๋น๊ต โ ๋น๊ตํ๋ค means to compare.
H. ๋ช
ํํ ๊ธฐ์ค์ด ์์ผ๋ฉด ํ๊ฐ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ฑ์ด ๋ฎ์์ง๋ค.
Without clear criteria, the consistency of evaluation results decreases. ๐
Answer
์ผ๊ด โ ์ผ๊ด์ฑ means consistency.
I. ์ ์ฑ
์ ํ๋น์ฑ์ ์ฌํ์ ํ์์๋ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋๋ค.
The validity of a policy is also connected to social need. ๐
Answer
์ฐ๊ฒฐ โ ์ฐ๊ฒฐ๋๋ค means to be connected.
J. ์ ์ ๊ฐ ํ๋ฆฌ๋ฉด ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์ ํ๋น์ฑ๋ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋ ์ ์๋ค.
If the premise is wrong, the validity of the conclusion can also be damaged. ๐งฉ
Answer
ํผ์ โ ํผ์๋๋ค means to be damaged or undermined.
Vocabulary Box
- ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ โ grounds; basis
- ํ๋น์ฑ โ validity; reasonableness
- ์ ํฉ์ฑ โ suitability; fit
- ์กฐ์ฌ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ โ research method
- ๊ณต์ต โ public interest
- ํฉ๋ฆฌ์ ํ๋จ โ rational judgment
- ์ ๋น์ฑ โ legitimacy
- ๋น๊ตํ๋ค โ to compare
- ์ผ๊ด์ฑ โ consistency
- ํผ์๋๋ค โ to be undermined
Tip ๐ก ํ๋น์ฑ asks whether the logic, grounds, and purpose hold up.
Exercise 3 โ Economic Viability and Cost Logic ๐ธ
A. ์์ต๋ณด๋ค ๋น์ฉ์ด ํฌ๋ฉด ์ฌ์
์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ฑ์ด ๋ฎ๋ค.
If costs are greater than revenue, the projectโs economic viability is low. ๐
Answer
๊ฒฝ์ โ ๊ฒฝ์ ์ฑ evaluates cost-benefit logic.
B. ์์ฐ ๋๋น ํจ๊ณผ๊ฐ ๋์ผ๋ฉด ๋น์ฉ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด ์ข๋ค๊ณ ๋ณผ ์ ์๋ค.
If the effect compared to budget is high, cost-effectiveness can be viewed as good. ๐
Answer
ํจ๊ณผ โ ๋น์ฉ ํจ๊ณผ means cost-effectiveness.
C. ๊ฒฝ์ ์ฑ ๋ถ์์์๋ ์ด๊ธฐ ๋น์ฉ๊ณผ ์ ์ง ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋ฅผ ํจ๊ป ๋ณธ๋ค.
In economic viability analysis, initial costs and maintenance costs are examined together. ๐งฐ
Answer
๋น์ฉ โ ์ ์ง ๋น์ฉ means maintenance cost.
D. ์ฌ์
์ ํธ์ต์ด ์ถฉ๋ถํ์ง ์์ผ๋ฉด ํฌ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๊ฐ ๋ฎ์์ง๋ค.
If project benefits are insufficient, investment value decreases. ๐ผ
Answer
๊ฐ์น โ ํฌ์ ๊ฐ์น means investment value.
E. ๊ณต๊ณต ์ฌ์
์ ๊ฒฝ์ ์ฑ๋ฟ ์๋๋ผ ์ฌํ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋ ๊ณ ๋ คํด์ผ ํ๋ค.
Public projects should consider not only economic viability but also social value. ๐ฑ
Answer
๊ฐ์น โ Economic viability is not the only evaluation lens.
F. ๋น์ฉ์ ์ค์ฌ๋ ํ์ง์ด ํฌ๊ฒ ๋จ์ด์ง๋ฉด ๊ฒฝ์ ์ฑ์ด ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋์ง ์๋๋ค.
Even if costs are reduced, economic viability does not improve if quality drops significantly. ๐งช
Answer
๊ฐ์ โ ๊ฐ์ ๋๋ค means to improve.
G. ์ฅ๊ธฐ ์ด์ ๋น์ฉ์ ๋ฌด์ํ๋ฉด ๊ฒฝ์ ์ฑ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๊ฐ ์๊ณก๋๋ค.
If long-term operating costs are ignored, the economic viability evaluation is distorted. ๐๏ธ
Answer
ํ๊ฐ โ ๊ฒฝ์ ์ฑ ํ๊ฐ means economic viability evaluation.
H. ๋์๋ณ ๋น์ฉ์ ๋น๊ตํ๋ฉด ํจ์จ์ ์ธ ์ ํ์ด ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ๋ค.
Comparing costs by alternative makes efficient choice possible. ๐งพ
Answer
๊ฐ๋ฅ โ ๊ฐ๋ฅํ๋ค means to be possible.
I. ๊ฒฝ์ ์ฑ์ด ๋์๋ ํ๊ฒฝ ํผํด๊ฐ ํฌ๋ฉด ์ถ์ง ์ฌ๋ถ๋ฅผ ๋ค์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํด์ผ ํ๋ค.
Even if economic viability is high, if environmental damage is large, whether to proceed should be reviewed again. ๐
Answer
๊ฒํ โ Economic logic alone does not end the review.
J. ํ์ ๋ ์์ฐ์์๋ ์์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด ํนํ ์ค์ํ๋ค.
With a limited budget, resource allocation is especially important. ๐ฆ
Answer
๋ฐฐ๋ถ โ ์์ ๋ฐฐ๋ถ means resource allocation.
Vocabulary Box
- ๊ฒฝ์ ์ฑ โ economic viability
- ์์ต โ revenue; profit
- ๋น์ฉ ํจ๊ณผ โ cost-effectiveness
- ์ด๊ธฐ ๋น์ฉ โ initial cost
- ์ ์ง ๋น์ฉ โ maintenance cost
- ํฌ์ ๊ฐ์น โ investment value
- ์ฌํ์ ๊ฐ์น โ social value
- ๊ฐ์ ๋๋ค โ to improve
- ๊ฒฝ์ ์ฑ ํ๊ฐ โ economic viability evaluation
- ์์ ๋ฐฐ๋ถ โ resource allocation
Tip ๐ก ๊ฒฝ์ ์ฑ is not โcheapnessโ; it is whether the economic logic is reasonable.
Exercise 4 โ Review Stages and Decision Process ๐
A. ์ฌ์
์ด๊ธฐ์๋ ์คํ ๊ฐ๋ฅ์ฑ๊ณผ ๊ฒฝ์ ์ฑ์ ํจ๊ป ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ๋ค.
In the early stage of a project, feasibility and economic viability are reviewed together. ๐
Answer
๊ฒํ โ ๊ฒํ ํ๋ค is the broad review action.
B. ๊ฒํ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์์๋ ์๋ฃ ์์ง๊ณผ ์ํ ๋ถ์์ด ์ด๋ฃจ์ด์ง๋ค.
In the review stage, data collection and risk analysis take place. ๐
Answer
๋จ๊ณ โ ๊ฒํ ๋จ๊ณ means review stage.
C. ์ต์ข
๊ฒฐ์ ์ ์๋ ์ฌ๋ฌ ๋์์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํด์ผ ํ๋ค.
Before the final decision, several alternatives must be compared. โ๏ธ
Answer
๋น๊ต โ Alternative comparison is essential before decisions.
D. ์ํ ์์ธ์ ์ ๋๋ก ํ์
ํ์ง ๋ชปํ๋ฉด ํ๋จ์ด ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋ ์ ์๋ค.
If risk factors are not properly identified, judgment may be distorted. ๐
Answer
์๊ณก โ ์๊ณก๋๋ค means to be distorted.
E. ์๋ฒ ์ฌ์
์ ๋ณธ๊ฒฉ ์ถ์ง ์ ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ๊ณผ์ ์ด๋ค.
A pilot project is a verification process before full-scale implementation. ๐งช
Answer
๊ฒ์ฆ โ Pilot projects test whether assumptions hold.
F. ์ ๋ฌธ๊ฐ ์๋ฌธ์ ๊ฒํ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ฑ์ ๋์ธ๋ค.
Expert consultation increases the reliability of review results. ๐ฉโ๐ซ
Answer
์ ๋ขฐ โ ์ ๋ขฐ์ฑ means reliability.
G. ์์ฌ ๊ฒฐ์ ์๋ ๋ถ์ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ฐํ์ผ๋ก ์ถ์ง ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋ฅผ ํ๋จํ๋ค.
The decision-maker judges whether to proceed based on the analysis results. ๐ฆ
Answer
์ฌ๋ถ โ ์ถ์ง ์ฌ๋ถ means whether to proceed.
H. ๊ฒํ ๊ณผ์ ์์ ์ดํด๊ด๊ณ์์ ์๊ฒฌ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํด์ผ ํ๋ค.
During the review process, stakeholdersโ opinions must be reflected. ๐ฃ๏ธ
Answer
๋ฐ์ โ ์๊ฒฌ์ ๋ฐ์ํ๋ค means to reflect opinions.
I. ์๋ฃ๊ฐ ๋ถ์ถฉ๋ถํ๋ฉด ์ถ๊ฐ ์กฐ์ฌ๋ฅผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ ์ ์๋ค.
If data is insufficient, additional research may be requested. ๐
Answer
์์ฒญ โ ์์ฒญํ๋ค means to request.
J. ์ต์ข
์์ ํ๋น์ฑ ๊ฒํ ๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ์ณ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋๋ค.
The final plan is selected after feasibility/validity review. โ
Answer
์ ์ โ ์ ์ ๋๋ค means to be selected.
Vocabulary Box
- ๊ฒํ ํ๋ค โ to review
- ๊ฒํ ๋จ๊ณ โ review stage
- ๋์ โ alternative
- ๋น๊ตํ๋ค โ to compare
- ์ํ ์์ธ โ risk factor
- ๊ฒ์ฆ ๊ณผ์ โ verification process
- ์ ๋ขฐ์ฑ โ reliability
- ์ถ์ง ์ฌ๋ถ โ whether to proceed
- ์๊ฒฌ์ ๋ฐ์ํ๋ค โ to reflect opinions
- ์ ์ ๋๋ค โ to be selected
Tip ๐ก ๊ฒํ is the careful checkpoint before commitment.
Exercise 5 โ Mixed Mastery + Pitfall Patrol ๐ก๏ธ
A. ์ข์ ์์ด๋์ด๋ผ๋ ์ธ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ์์ฐ์ด ๋ถ์กฑํ๋ฉด ์คํ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด ๋ฎ๋ค.
Even a good idea has low feasibility if personnel and budget are insufficient. ๐งโ๐ผ
Answer
๊ฐ๋ฅ์ฑ โ โ good idea = feasible โ โ
feasibility needs practical resources.
B. ๋
ผ๋ฆฌ์ ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ ์ถฉ๋ถํ์ง๋ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ๋ฌธ์ ๋ค.
Whether logical grounds are sufficient is a matter of validity. ๐ง
Answer
ํ๋น์ฑ โ This is not money logic; it is justification and reasonableness.
C. ๋น์ฉ๋ณด๋ค ํจ๊ณผ๊ฐ ์์ผ๋ฉด ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ฑ์ด ๋ฎ๋ค๊ณ ํ๋จํ ์ ์๋ค.
If the effect is smaller than the cost, economic viability can be judged low. ๐ธ
Answer
๊ฒฝ์ โ ๊ฒฝ์ ์ฑ checks cost-benefit logic.
D. ๊ฐ์ฅ ์ผ ๋์์ด ํญ์ ๊ฒฝ์ ์ฑ์ด ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ๊ฒ์ ์๋๋ค.
The cheapest alternative is not always the one with high economic viability. ๐ท๏ธ
Answer
๋์ โ โ economic viability = cheap โ โ
quality, benefit, maintenance cost, and risk also matter.
E. ๊ฒํ ๋ ๋จ์ ํ์ธ๋ณด๋ค ๋ ์ฒด๊ณ์ ์ธ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ๊ณผ์ ์ด๋ค.
Review is a more systematic examination process than a simple check. ๐
Answer
๊ฒ์ฌ โ This catches the nuance: ๊ฒํ involves careful examination, not a quick glance.
F. ํ๋น์ฑ์ด ๋์๋ ์คํ ์กฐ๊ฑด์ด ๋ถ์กฑํ๋ฉด ์ถ์ง์ด ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ ์ ์๋ค.
Even if validity is high, implementation may be difficult if execution conditions are insufficient. ๐ง
Answer
๊ณค๋ โ A plan can be reasonable but still hard to execute.
G. ๊ฒฝ์ ์ฑ์ด ์ข์๋ ๊ณต์ต์ ํด์น๋ฉด ์ ์ฑ
์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ฑ์ด ์ฝํด์ง๋ค.
Even if economic viability is good, if it harms public interest, policy legitimacy weakens. ๐๏ธ
Answer
์ ๋น โ ์ ๋น์ฑ is legitimacy, separate from profit.
H. ์ํ ์์ธ์ ๋ฌด์ํ๋ฉด ์คํ ๊ฐ๋ฅ์ฑ ํ๊ฐ๊ฐ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋ ์ ์๋ค.
If risk factors are ignored, the feasibility evaluation may be distorted. ๐
Answer
์๊ณก โ Ignoring constraints distorts feasibility analysis.
I. ๊ฒํ ๋จ๊ณ์์๋ ๋์ ๋น๊ต์ ์๋ฃ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด ์ค์ํ๋ค.
In the review stage, comparison of alternatives and data analysis are important. ๐
Answer
๋ถ์ โ ์๋ฃ ๋ถ์ means data analysis.
J. ์ข์ ํ๋จ์ ์คํ ๊ฐ๋ฅ์ฑ, ํ๋น์ฑ, ๊ฒฝ์ ์ฑ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ์ผ๋ก ๋ณธ๋ค.
Good judgment examines feasibility, validity, and economic viability comprehensively. ๐งญ
Answer
์ข
ํฉ โ ์ข
ํฉ์ ์ผ๋ก ๋ณด๋ค means to view comprehensively.
Vocabulary Box
- ์คํ ๊ฐ๋ฅ์ฑ โ feasibility
- ํ๋น์ฑ โ validity; justification
- ๊ฒฝ์ ์ฑ โ economic viability
- ๋์ โ alternative
- ๊ฒํ โ review
- ๊ณค๋ํ๋ค โ to be difficult
- ์ ๋น์ฑ โ legitimacy
- ์๊ณก๋๋ค โ to be distorted
- ์๋ฃ ๋ถ์ โ data analysis
- ์ข ํฉ์ ์ผ๋ก ๋ณด๋ค โ to view comprehensively
Tip ๐ก The final test: a plan should be doable, justified, economically sensible, and socially defensible.
ย
๐ Excellent work โ you can now evaluate plans like a calm review committee: ์คํ ๊ฐ๋ฅ์ฑ asks โCan we do it?โ, ํ๋น์ฑ asks โDoes it make sense?โ, and ๊ฒฝ์ ์ฑ asks โIs the money logic sane?โ ๐งช๐ธ