Iru Helper Note
Social issues are discussed widely in Korean โ on the news, in cafes, between friends. The key is framing: Koreans often use softened, observational language rather than strong declaratives when discussing sensitive topics.
์์ฆ ์ฌํ์ ์ผ๋ก ๊ด์ฌ์ด ๋ง์ ๋ฌธ์ ๊ฐ ๋ญ์์?
(What social issues are getting a lot of attention these days?)
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๐๏ธ What You'll Learn Today
From inequality to mental health to environmental concerns, social issues are a central part of Korean public discourse. Whether you're watching the news, talking with Korean friends, or participating in community discussions, the ability to discuss these topics โ thoughtfully and with appropriate nuance โ will mark you as a sophisticated Korean speaker. This lesson covers the key vocabulary and framing for discussing social issues without overstepping or appearing uninformed.
๐ Social Issues Vocabulary
Expression | Meaning | Notes |
์ฌํ์ ๋ฌธ์ | Social issue/problem | Broad term for social concerns |
๋ถํ๋ฑ | Inequality | ๋ถ = un-; ํ๋ฑ = equality |
๋น๋ถ ๊ฒฉ์ฐจ | Wealth gap / income disparity | ๋น = poor; ๋ถ = rich |
๊ณ ์ฉ ๋ถ์ | Employment insecurity | ๊ณ ์ฉ = employment; ๋ถ์ = insecurity |
์ ์ถ์ ๋ฌธ์ | Low birth rate issue | Major Korean policy concern |
์ ์ ๊ฑด๊ฐ | Mental health | Growing topic in Korea |
ํ๊ฒฝ ๋ฌธ์ | Environmental issue | ํ๊ฒฝ = environment |
์ฐจ๋ณ | Discrimination | ์ฐจ๋ณํ๋ค = to discriminate |
์ทจ์ฝ ๊ณ์ธต | Vulnerable groups | ์ทจ์ฝ = vulnerable; ๊ณ์ธต = social class |
์ฌํ ์์ ๋ง | Social safety net | ์์ ๋ง = safety net |
~์ ๋ํ ์ธ์์ด ๋์์ง๋ค | Awareness of ~ is growing | Key pattern for issue awareness |
ํด๊ฒฐ์ฑ
์ด ํ์ํ๋ค | A solution is needed | ํด๊ฒฐ์ฑ
= solution |
~์ด/๊ฐ ์ฌ๊ฐํ ๋ฌธ์ ์์ | ~ is a serious problem | Framing urgency |
๋ชฉ์๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋์ด๋ค | To raise one's voice / speak up | Speaking out on an issue |
๐ก Key pattern: [Issue] + ์ด/๊ฐ + ์ฌ๊ฐํ ๋ฌธ์ ์์. + [Issue] + ์ ๋ํ ์ธ์์ด ๋์์ง๊ณ ์์ง๋ง, ํด๊ฒฐ์ฑ
์ด ํ์ํด์. โ "~ is a serious problem. Awareness is growing, but a solution is needed." This balanced structure is the standard social commentary pattern in Korean.
๐ฌ Conversations in Action
Dialogue 1 โ Everyday Concerns
A: ์์ฆ ์ฌํ์ ์ผ๋ก ๊ด์ฌ์ด ๋ง์ ๋ฌธ์ ๊ฐ ๋ญ์์? (What social issues are getting a lot of attention these days?)
B: ์ ๋ ๋น๋ถ ๊ฒฉ์ฐจ๊ฐ ์ฌ๊ฐํ ๋ฌธ์ ์ธ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์. ํด๊ฒฐ์ฑ
์ด ํ์ํ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์. (I think the wealth gap is a serious problem. I think a solution is needed.)
A: ์ ์ถ์ ๋ฌธ์ ๋ ์์ฃ . (There's also the low birth rate issue.)
B: ๋ง์์. ๊ณ ์ฉ ๋ถ์๋ ์ฐ๊ฒฐ๋ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์. (Right. I think employment insecurity is connected too.)
Dialogue 2 โ Growing Awareness
A: ์ ์ ๊ฑด๊ฐ์ ๋ํ ์ธ์์ด ๋ง์ด ๋์์ง ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์. (I think awareness of mental health has grown a lot.)
B: ๋ค, ์์ ๋ณด๋ค ๋ง์ด ๋์์ก์ด์. ์ทจ์ฝ ๊ณ์ธต์ ์ํ ์ฌํ ์์ ๋ง๋ ์ค์ํ์ฃ . (Yes, it's improved a lot compared to before. The social safety net for vulnerable groups is important too.)
A: ์ฐจ๋ณ ๋ฌธ์ ๋ ์์ง ๋ง์ด ๋จ์ ์์ด์. (There's still a lot of the discrimination problem remaining.)
B: ๋ง์์. ๋ชฉ์๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋์ด๋ ์ฌ๋๋ค์ด ๋์ด๋๊ณ ์์ด์. (Right. The number of people speaking up is increasing.)
๐ Cultural Note โ Discussing Social Issues in Korea
Korea has a vibrant culture of social commentary โ but how directly you engage depends heavily on context. Among friends or in casual settings, discussing ๋น๋ถ ๊ฒฉ์ฐจ or ์ ์ถ์ is normal and expected. In more formal settings, framing with ~์ธ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์ (I think it seems like ~) or ~์ ๋ํ ์ธ์์ด ๋์์ง๊ณ ์์ด์ (awareness is growing) keeps the tone observational rather than confrontational. The topic of ์ ์ ๊ฑด๊ฐ has shifted dramatically in recent years โ it's now discussed more openly, particularly among younger Koreans โ and mentioning this awareness shift shows cultural knowledge.
<summary>Try This Speaking Exercise
Practice discussing social issues with nuance in Korean.
A. Name a social issue and say it's serious.
<summary>Answer
๋น๋ถ ๊ฒฉ์ฐจ๊ฐ ์ฌ๊ฐํ ๋ฌธ์ ์ธ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์. (I think the wealth gap is a serious problem.)
</summary>
B. Say awareness of an issue is growing.
<summary>Answer
์ ์ ๊ฑด๊ฐ์ ๋ํ ์ธ์์ด ๋์์ง๊ณ ์์ด์. (Awareness of mental health is growing.)
</summary>
C. Say a solution is needed.
<summary>Answer
์ ์ถ์ ๋ฌธ์ ์ ๋ํ ํด๊ฒฐ์ฑ
์ด ํ์ํด์. (A solution to the low birth rate problem is needed.)
</summary>
D. Mention the social safety net.
<summary>Answer
์ทจ์ฝ ๊ณ์ธต์ ์ํ ์ฌํ ์์ ๋ง์ด ์ค์ํด์. (The social safety net for vulnerable groups is important.)
</summary>
E. Say people are speaking up more.
<summary>Answer
์ด ๋ฌธ์ ์ ๋ํด ๋ชฉ์๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋์ด๋ ์ฌ๋๋ค์ด ๋์ด๋๊ณ ์์ด์. (The number of people raising their voices about this issue is increasing.)
</summary>
F. Connect two issues as related.
<summary>Answer
๊ณ ์ฉ ๋ถ์๊ณผ ์ ์ถ์ ๋ฌธ์ ๋ ์ฐ๊ฒฐ๋ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์. (I think employment insecurity and the low birth rate are connected.)
</summary>
G. Say discrimination is still a problem.
<summary>Answer
์ฐจ๋ณ ๋ฌธ์ ๋ ์์ง๋ ๋ง์ด ๋จ์ ์์ด์. (The discrimination problem still remains a lot.)
</summary>
H. Say something has improved compared to before.
<summary>Answer
์์ ๋ณด๋ค ๋ง์ด ๋์์ก์ง๋ง, ์์ง ๊ฐ ๊ธธ์ด ๋ฉ์ด์. (It's improved a lot compared to before, but there's still a long way to go.)
</summary>
I. Ask what social issues someone is concerned about.
<summary>Answer
์์ฆ ์ด๋ค ์ฌํ ๋ฌธ์ ์ ๊ด์ฌ์ด ์์ด์? (What social issues are you interested in lately?)
</summary>
J. Give a balanced view on a social issue.
<summary>Answer
ํ๊ฒฝ ๋ฌธ์ ์ ๋ํ ์ธ์์ด ๋์์ง๊ณ ์์ง๋ง, ๋ ๋ง์ ํด๊ฒฐ์ฑ
์ด ํ์ํ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์. (Awareness of environmental issues is growing, but I think more solutions are needed.)
</summary>
Expression Reference
Expression | Nuance/Key |
์ฌํ์ ๋ฌธ์ | Social issue |
๋ถํ๋ฑ | Inequality |
๋น๋ถ ๊ฒฉ์ฐจ | Wealth gap |
๊ณ ์ฉ ๋ถ์ | Employment insecurity |
์ ์ถ์ ๋ฌธ์ | Low birth rate issue |
์ ์ ๊ฑด๊ฐ | Mental health |
์ฐจ๋ณ | Discrimination |
์ทจ์ฝ ๊ณ์ธต | Vulnerable groups |
์ฌํ ์์ ๋ง | Social safety net |
๋ชฉ์๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋์ด๋ค | To speak up |
</summary>
Want more reps?
Pick one social issue and describe it using the full pattern: [issue]์ด/๊ฐ ์ฌ๊ฐํ ๋ฌธ์ ์ธ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์ โ ~์ ๋ํ ์ธ์์ด ๋์์ง๊ณ ์์ง๋ง โ ํด๊ฒฐ์ฑ
์ด ํ์ํ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์. Three sentences, one complete social commentary. Can you add ๋ชฉ์๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋์ด๋ค as a fourth?
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๐ฆ Practice Hub โ Social Issues
Exercise 1 โ Choose the Right Expression
A. You want to say there is a social problem: (a) ์ฌํ์ ๋ฌธ์ ๊ฐ ์์ด์ (b) ์ฌํ์ ๋ฌธ์ ๊ฐ ์์ด์ (c) ์ฌํ์ ๋ฌธ์ ๊ฐ ์ข์์
<summary>Answer
(a) ์ฌํ์ ๋ฌธ์ ๊ฐ ์์ด์ โ ์ฌํ์ ๋ฌธ์ = social problem/issue.
B. You want to say the wealth gap is serious: (a) ๋น๋ถ ๊ฒฉ์ฐจ๊ฐ ์ฌ๊ฐํ ๋ฌธ์ ์ธ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์ (b) ๋น๋ถ ๊ฒฉ์ฐจ๊ฐ ์์ด์ (c) ๋น๋ถ ๊ฒฉ์ฐจ๊ฐ ๊ด์ฐฎ์์
<summary>Answer
(a) ๋น๋ถ ๊ฒฉ์ฐจ๊ฐ ์ฌ๊ฐํ ๋ฌธ์ ์ธ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์ โ ๋น๋ถ ๊ฒฉ์ฐจ = wealth gap.
C. You want to say awareness of mental health is growing: (a) ์ ์ ๊ฑด๊ฐ์ ๋ํ ์ธ์์ด ๋ฎ์์ง๊ณ ์์ด์ (b) ์ ์ ๊ฑด๊ฐ์ ๋ํ ์ธ์์ด ๋์์ง๊ณ ์์ด์ (c) ์ ์ ๊ฑด๊ฐ์ ๊ด์ฌ์ด ์์ด์
<summary>Answer
(b) ์ ์ ๊ฑด๊ฐ์ ๋ํ ์ธ์์ด ๋์์ง๊ณ ์์ด์ โ ์ธ์์ด ๋์์ง๋ค = awareness grows.
D. You want to say a solution is needed: (a) ํด๊ฒฐ์ฑ
์ด ํ์ํด์ (b) ํด๊ฒฐ์ฑ
์ด ์์ด์ (c) ํด๊ฒฐ์ฑ
์ด ํ์ ์์ด์
<summary>Answer
(a) ํด๊ฒฐ์ฑ
์ด ํ์ํด์ โ ํด๊ฒฐ์ฑ
= solution.
E. The Korean term for the social safety net: (a) ์ฌํ ์์ ๋ง (b) ์ฌํ ๋ถ์๋ง (c) ์ฌํ ์ํ๋ง
<summary>Answer
(a) ์ฌํ ์์ ๋ง โ ์์ ๋ง = safety net.
F. You want to say people are speaking up: (a) ๋ชฉ์๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฎ์ถ๋ ์ฌ๋๋ค์ด ๋์ด๋๊ณ ์์ด์ (b) ๋ชฉ์๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋์ด๋ ์ฌ๋๋ค์ด ๋์ด๋๊ณ ์์ด์ (c) ๋ชฉ์๋ฆฌ๊ฐ ์์ด์ง๊ณ ์์ด์
<summary>Answer
(b) ๋ชฉ์๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋์ด๋ ์ฌ๋๋ค์ด ๋์ด๋๊ณ ์์ด์ โ ๋ชฉ์๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋์ด๋ค = to raise one's voice.
G. The Korean term for employment insecurity: (a) ๊ณ ์ฉ ์์ (b) ๊ณ ์ฉ ๋ถ์ (c) ๊ณ ์ฉ ํ๋ณต
<summary>Answer
(b) ๊ณ ์ฉ ๋ถ์ โ ๋ถ์ = insecurity/anxiety.
H. You want to say something has improved compared to before: (a) ์์ ๋ณด๋ค ๋ง์ด ๋์์ก์ด์ (b) ์์ ๋ณด๋ค ๋ง์ด ๋๋น ์ก์ด์ (c) ์์ ์ด๋ ๋๊ฐ์์
<summary>Answer
(a) ์์ ๋ณด๋ค ๋ง์ด ๋์์ก์ด์ โ ๋์์ง๋ค = to improve.
I. You want to say discrimination is still a problem: (a) ์ฐจ๋ณ์ด ์์ด์ก์ด์ (b) ์ฐจ๋ณ ๋ฌธ์ ๋ ์์ง๋ ๋ง์ด ๋จ์ ์์ด์ (c) ์ฐจ๋ณ์ด ๊ด์ฐฎ์์
<summary>Answer
(b) ์ฐจ๋ณ ๋ฌธ์ ๋ ์์ง๋ ๋ง์ด ๋จ์ ์์ด์ โ ์์ง๋ = still; ๋จ์ ์๋ค = remains.
J. The Korean term for vulnerable groups: (a) ๊ฐํ ๊ณ์ธต (b) ์ทจ์ฝ ๊ณ์ธต (c) ๋ถ์ ํ ๊ณ์ธต
<summary>Answer
(b) ์ทจ์ฝ ๊ณ์ธต โ ์ทจ์ฝ = vulnerable; ๊ณ์ธต = social class/group.
Quick Reference
Expression | Meaning |
์ฌํ์ ๋ฌธ์ | Social issue |
๋ถํ๋ฑ | Inequality |
๋น๋ถ ๊ฒฉ์ฐจ | Wealth gap |
๊ณ ์ฉ ๋ถ์ | Employment insecurity |
์ ์ถ์ ๋ฌธ์ | Low birth rate issue |
์ ์ ๊ฑด๊ฐ | Mental health |
์ฐจ๋ณ | Discrimination |
์ทจ์ฝ ๊ณ์ธต | Vulnerable groups |
์ฌํ ์์ ๋ง | Social safety net |
๋ชฉ์๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋์ด๋ค | To speak up |
Pitfall: ๋ฌธ์ ๊ฐ ์์ด์ vs. ๋ฌธ์ ์์
๋น๋ถ ๊ฒฉ์ฐจ๊ฐ ๋ฌธ์ ๊ฐ ์์ด์ = awkward (literally "the wealth gap has a problem"). ๋น๋ถ ๊ฒฉ์ฐจ๊ฐ ๋ฌธ์ ์์ = the wealth gap is a problem. ๋น๋ถ ๊ฒฉ์ฐจ๊ฐ ์ฌ๊ฐํ ๋ฌธ์ ์์ = the wealth gap is a serious problem. Use ~์ด/๊ฐ ๋ฌธ์ ์์ or ~์ด/๊ฐ ์ฌ๊ฐํ ๋ฌธ์ ์ธ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์ โ not ~์ ๋ฌธ์ ๊ฐ ์์ด์ for social issues.
Exercise 2 โ Korean โ English Translation
A. ๋น๋ถ ๊ฒฉ์ฐจ๊ฐ ์ฌ๊ฐํ ๋ฌธ์ ์ธ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์.
<summary>Answer
I think the wealth gap is a serious problem.
B. ์ ์ ๊ฑด๊ฐ์ ๋ํ ์ธ์์ด ๋ง์ด ๋์์ง ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์.
<summary>Answer
I think awareness of mental health has grown a lot.
C. ์ ์ถ์ ๋ฌธ์ ์ ๋ํ ํด๊ฒฐ์ฑ
์ด ํ์ํด์.
<summary>Answer
A solution to the low birth rate problem is needed.
D. ์ทจ์ฝ ๊ณ์ธต์ ์ํ ์ฌํ ์์ ๋ง์ด ๋ ๊ฐํ๋ผ์ผ ํ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์.
<summary>Answer
I think the social safety net for vulnerable groups needs to be strengthened more.
E. ๊ณ ์ฉ ๋ถ์๊ณผ ์ ์ถ์ ๋ฌธ์ ๋ ์ฐ๊ฒฐ๋ผ ์๋ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์.
<summary>Answer
I think employment insecurity and the low birth rate problem are connected.
F. ์ฐจ๋ณ ๋ฌธ์ ๋ ์์ง๋ ๋ง์ด ๋จ์ ์์ด์.
<summary>Answer
The discrimination problem still remains a lot.
G. ์์ ๋ณด๋ค ๋ง์ด ๋์์ก์ง๋ง, ์์ง ๊ฐ ๊ธธ์ด ๋ฉ์ด์.
<summary>Answer
It's improved a lot compared to before, but there's still a long way to go.
H. ์ด ๋ฌธ์ ์ ๋ํด ๋ชฉ์๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋์ด๋ ์ฌ๋๋ค์ด ๋์ด๋๊ณ ์์ด์.
<summary>Answer
The number of people raising their voices about this issue is increasing.
I. ํ๊ฒฝ ๋ฌธ์ ์ ๋ํ ์ธ์์ด ๋์์ง๊ณ ์์ง๋ง, ํด๊ฒฐ์ฑ
์ด ํ์ํด์.
<summary>Answer
Awareness of environmental issues is growing, but a solution is needed.
J. ์์ฆ ์ฌํ์ ์ผ๋ก ๊ด์ฌ์ด ๋ง์ ๋ฌธ์ ๊ฐ ๋ญ์์?
<summary>Answer
What social issues are getting a lot of attention these days?
Vocabulary Cheat Sheet
Word | Meaning |
์ฌ๊ฐํ๋ค | Serious, severe |
๊ฐํ๋๋ค | To be strengthened |
์ฐ๊ฒฐ๋๋ค | To be connected |
์์ง๋ | Still |
๋จ์ ์๋ค | To remain |
๊ฐ ๊ธธ์ด ๋ฉ๋ค | There's a long way to go |
๋ชฉ์๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋์ด๋ค | To speak up / raise voice |
๋์์ง๋ค | To improve |
ํด๊ฒฐ์ฑ
| Solution |
์ธ์ | Awareness, perception |
Grammar Tip: ~๋ผ์ผ ํ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์
๊ฐํ๋ผ์ผ ํ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์ = "I think it needs to be strengthened." ~์/์ด์ผ ํ๋ค = must/need to. Add ~๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์ to soften the obligation: ~์/์ด์ผ ํ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์ = "I think it needs to ~." Use this pattern when suggesting social changes without being prescriptive: ๋ ๋ง์ ์ง์์ด ํ์ํด์ผ ํ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์ (I think more support is needed).
Exercise 3 โ Complete the Sentence
A. ๋น๋ถ ___ ๊ฐ ์ฌ๊ฐํ ๋ฌธ์ ์ธ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์. (I think the wealth gap is a serious problem.)
<summary>Answer
๊ฒฉ์ฐจ โ ๋น๋ถ ๊ฒฉ์ฐจ.
B. ์ ์ ๊ฑด๊ฐ์ ๋ํ ___ ์ด ๋์์ง๊ณ ์์ด์. (Awareness of mental health is growing.)
<summary>Answer
์ธ์ โ ์ธ์์ด ๋์์ง๊ณ ์์ด์.
C. ์ ์ถ์ ๋ฌธ์ ์ ๋ํ ___ ์ด ํ์ํด์. (A solution to the low birth rate problem is needed.)
<summary>Answer
ํด๊ฒฐ์ฑ
โ ํด๊ฒฐ์ฑ
์ด ํ์ํด์.
D. ์ทจ์ฝ ___ ์ ์ํ ์ง์์ด ์ค์ํด์. (Support for vulnerable groups is important.)
<summary>Answer
๊ณ์ธต โ ์ทจ์ฝ ๊ณ์ธต์ ์ํ.
E. ์ฌํ ___ ์ด ๋ ๊ฐํ๋ผ์ผ ํ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์. (I think the social safety net needs to be strengthened more.)
<summary>Answer
์์ ๋ง โ ์ฌํ ์์ ๋ง.
F. ___ ๋ฌธ์ ๋ ์์ง๋ ๋จ์ ์์ด์. (The discrimination problem still remains.)
<summary>Answer
์ฐจ๋ณ โ ์ฐจ๋ณ ๋ฌธ์ .
G. ์ด ๋ฌธ์ ์ ๋ํด ___ ๋ฅผ ๋์ด๋ ์ฌ๋๋ค์ด ๋์ด๋๊ณ ์์ด์. (The number of people speaking up about this issue is increasing.)
<summary>Answer
๋ชฉ์๋ฆฌ โ ๋ชฉ์๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋์ด๋ค.
H. ๊ณ ์ฉ ___ ์ด ์ ์ถ์๊ณผ ์ฐ๊ฒฐ๋ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์. (I think employment insecurity is connected to the low birth rate.)
<summary>Answer
๋ถ์ โ ๊ณ ์ฉ ๋ถ์.
I. ์์ ๋ณด๋ค ๋ง์ด ๋์์ก์ง๋ง, ์์ง ___ ์ด ๋ฉ์ด์. (It's improved a lot compared to before, but there's still a long way to go.)
<summary>Answer
๊ฐ ๊ธธ โ ๊ฐ ๊ธธ์ด ๋ฉ์ด์.
J. ์์ฆ ___ ์ ์ผ๋ก ๊ด์ฌ์ด ๋ง์ ๋ฌธ์ ๊ฐ ๋ญ์์? (What social issues are getting a lot of attention these days?)
<summary>Answer
์ฌํ โ ์ฌํ์ ์ผ๋ก.
Sentence Starters
Starter | Use for |
~์ด/๊ฐ ์ฌ๊ฐํ ๋ฌธ์ ์ธ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์ | Naming a serious issue |
~์ ๋ํ ์ธ์์ด ๋์์ง๊ณ ์์ด์ | Awareness growing |
~์ ๋ํ ํด๊ฒฐ์ฑ
์ด ํ์ํด์ | Solution needed |
์ทจ์ฝ ๊ณ์ธต์ ์ํ ~์ด ์ค์ํด์ | Supporting vulnerable groups |
๋ชฉ์๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋์ด๋ ์ฌ๋๋ค์ด ๋์ด๋๊ณ ์์ด์ | People speaking up |
์์ ๋ณด๋ค ๋ง์ด ๋์์ก์ง๋ง... | Improvement + but still |
์์ง ๊ฐ ๊ธธ์ด ๋ฉ์ด์ | Still a long way to go |
~์ด/๊ฐ ์ฐ๊ฒฐ๋ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์ | Two issues are connected |
Production Tip
The complete social commentary structure: (1) [Issue]์ด/๊ฐ ์ฌ๊ฐํ ๋ฌธ์ ์ธ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์ (2) ~์ ๋ํ ์ธ์์ด ๋์์ง๊ณ ์์ง๋ง (3) ์์ง ํด๊ฒฐ์ฑ
์ด ํ์ํ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์ (4) ์์ ๋ณด๋ค ๋์์ก์ง๋ง ๊ฐ ๊ธธ์ด ๋ฉ์ด์. This 4-step pattern signals a balanced, thoughtful perspective on any social issue.
Exercise 4 โ Dialogue Completion
A. A: ์์ฆ ์ด๋ค ์ฌํ ๋ฌธ์ ๊ฐ ์ฌ๊ฐํด์? B: ___ ๊ฒฉ์ฐจ๊ฐ ์ฌ๊ฐํ ๋ฌธ์ ์ธ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์.
<summary>Answer
๋น๋ถ โ ๋น๋ถ ๊ฒฉ์ฐจ.
B. A: ์ ์ ๊ฑด๊ฐ ์ด๋ป๊ฒ ์๊ฐํด์? B: ์ ์ ๊ฑด๊ฐ์ ๋ํ ___ ์ด ๋ง์ด ๋์์ง ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์.
<summary>Answer
์ธ์ โ ์ธ์์ด ๋์์ง ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์.
C. A: ์ ์ถ์ ๋ฌธ์ ํด๊ฒฐ์ด ๊ฐ๋ฅํ ๊น์? B: ___ ์ด ํ์ํ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์.
<summary>Answer
ํด๊ฒฐ์ฑ
โ ํด๊ฒฐ์ฑ
์ด ํ์ํ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์.
D. A: ์ทจ์ฝ ๊ณ์ธต์ ์ํด ์ด๋ป๊ฒ ํด์ผ ํ ๊น์? B: ___ ์์ ๋ง์ด ๋ ๊ฐํ๋ผ์ผ ํ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์.
<summary>Answer
์ฌํ โ ์ฌํ ์์ ๋ง.
E. A: ์ฐจ๋ณ ๋ฌธ์ ๊ฐ ๋ง์ด ํด๊ฒฐ๋๋์? B: ์์ ๋ณด๋ค๋ ๋์์ก์ง๋ง, ์์ง ___ ์ด ๋ฉ์ด์.
<summary>Answer
๊ฐ ๊ธธ โ ๊ฐ ๊ธธ์ด ๋ฉ์ด์.
F. A: ์ด ๋ฌธ์ ์ ๊ด์ฌ ์๋ ์ฌ๋์ด ์์ด์? B: ๋ค, ___ ๋ฅผ ๋์ด๋ ์ฌ๋๋ค์ด ๋์ด๋๊ณ ์์ด์.
<summary>Answer
๋ชฉ์๋ฆฌ โ ๋ชฉ์๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋์ด๋.
G. A: ๊ณ ์ฉ ๋ถ์์ด๋ ์ ์ถ์์ด ๊ด๋ จ ์์ด์? B: ๋ค, ___ ๋ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์.
<summary>Answer
์ฐ๊ฒฐ โ ์ฐ๊ฒฐ๋ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์.
H. A: ํ๊ฒฝ ๋ฌธ์ ์ธ์์ด ๋ง์์ก์ฃ ? B: ๋ค, ___ ์ ๋ํ ์ธ์์ด ๋์์ง๊ณ ์์ด์.
<summary>Answer
ํ๊ฒฝ ๋ฌธ์ โ ํ๊ฒฝ ๋ฌธ์ ์ ๋ํ ์ธ์.
I. A: ์์ฆ ๊ฐ์ฅ ํฐ ์ฌํ ๋ฌธ์ ๊ฐ ๋ญ์์? B: ___ ๋ถ์๊ณผ ๋น๋ถ ๊ฒฉ์ฐจ๊ฐ ๊ฐ์ฅ ์ฌ๊ฐํ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์.
<summary>Answer
๊ณ ์ฉ โ ๊ณ ์ฉ ๋ถ์.
J. A: ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์ด๋ป๊ฒ ํด์ผ ํ ๊น์? B: ๋ ๋ง์ ์ฌ๋์ด ___ ๋ฅผ ๋์ด๊ณ ํด๊ฒฐ์ฑ
์ ์ฐพ์์ผ ํ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์.
<summary>Answer
๋ชฉ์๋ฆฌ โ ๋ชฉ์๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋์ด๋ค.
Useful Phrases
Phrase | Use |
~์ด/๊ฐ ์ฌ๊ฐํ ๋ฌธ์ ์ธ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์ | Issue framing |
~์ ๋ํ ์ธ์์ด ๋์์ง๊ณ ์์ด์ | Awareness growing |
ํด๊ฒฐ์ฑ
์ด ํ์ํด์ | Solution needed |
์ฌํ ์์ ๋ง์ด ํ์ํด์ | Safety net needed |
๋ชฉ์๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋์ด๋ค | To speak up |
์์ ๋ณด๋ค ๋์์ก์ง๋ง... | Improvement + but |
์์ง ๊ฐ ๊ธธ์ด ๋ฉ์ด์ | Long way to go |
~์ด/๊ฐ ์ฐ๊ฒฐ๋ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์ | Issues are connected |
Conversation Tip
When discussing social issues in Korean, pairing a concern with a counterbalance shows maturity: ๋น๋ถ ๊ฒฉ์ฐจ๊ฐ ์ฌ๊ฐํ ๋ฌธ์ ์ด์ง๋ง, ์์ ๋ณด๋ค๋ ๋์์ง๊ณ ์์ด์ (the wealth gap is a serious problem, but it's improving compared to before). This balanced framing is valued in Korean social discourse and prevents conversations from becoming too one-sided or heavy.
Exercise 5 โ Free Speaking Practice
A. ์์ฆ ์ฌ๋ฌ๋ถ์ด ๊ฐ์ฅ ๊ด์ฌ ์๋ ์ฌํ ๋ฌธ์ ๋ ๋ญ์์? ์ ๊ทธ ๋ฌธ์ ๊ฐ ์ค์ํ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์? (What social issue are you most interested in lately? Why do you think that issue is important?)
<summary>Starter
์ ๊ฐ ๊ฐ์ฅ ๊ด์ฌ ์๋ ์ฌํ ๋ฌธ์ ๋... ์๋ํ๋ฉด... (The social issue I'm most interested in is... Because...)
B. ๋น๋ถ ๊ฒฉ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์ค์ด๋ ค๋ฉด ์ด๋ป๊ฒ ํด์ผ ํ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์? (What do you think needs to be done to reduce the wealth gap?)
<summary>Starter
๋น๋ถ ๊ฒฉ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์ค์ด๋ ค๋ฉด... ์ฌํ ์์ ๋ง์ด... (To reduce the wealth gap... the social safety net...)
C. ์ ์ ๊ฑด๊ฐ์ ๋ํ ์ธ์์ด ์ ์ค์ํด์? ์ฌ๋ฌ๋ถ ์ฃผ๋ณ์์ ๋ณํ๋ฅผ ๋๊ผ์ด์? (Why is awareness of mental health important? Have you felt changes around you?)
<summary>Starter
์ ์ ๊ฑด๊ฐ์ ๋ํ ์ธ์์ด ์ค์ํ ์ด์ ๋... ์์ ๋ณด๋ค... (The reason awareness of mental health is important is... Compared to before...)
D. ์ ์ถ์ ๋ฌธ์ ๊ฐ ์ ์๊ฒผ๋ค๊ณ ์๊ฐํด์? ์ด๋ป๊ฒ ํด๊ฒฐํ ์ ์์๊น์? (Why do you think the low birth rate problem occurred? How could it be solved?)
<summary>Starter
์ ์ถ์ ๋ฌธ์ ๊ฐ ์๊ธด ์ด์ ๋... ํด๊ฒฐํ๋ ค๋ฉด... (The reason the low birth rate problem occurred is... To solve it...)
E. ์ทจ์ฝ ๊ณ์ธต์ ์ํด ์ฌํ๊ฐ ์ด๋ค ์ญํ ์ ํด์ผ ํ๋ค๊ณ ์๊ฐํด์? (What role do you think society should play for vulnerable groups?)
<summary>Starter
์ทจ์ฝ ๊ณ์ธต์ ์ํด ์ฌํ๊ฐ ํด์ผ ํ ์ญํ ์... ์ฌํ ์์ ๋ง์ด... (The role society should play for vulnerable groups is... The social safety net...)
F. ์ฐจ๋ณ ๋ฌธ์ ์ ๋ํด ์ด๋ป๊ฒ ์๊ฐํด์? ์ข์์ง๊ณ ์๋์? (What do you think about the discrimination problem? Is it getting better?)
<summary>Starter
์ฐจ๋ณ ๋ฌธ์ ๋... ์์ ๋ณด๋ค ๋์์ก์ง๋ง ์์ง... (The discrimination problem... It's improved compared to before, but still...)
G. ์ฌ๋ฌ๋ถ ๋๋ผ์์ ๊ฐ์ฅ ํฐ ์ฌํ ๋ฌธ์ ๊ฐ ๋ญ์์? (What is the biggest social problem in your country?)
<summary>Starter
์ฐ๋ฆฌ๋๋ผ์์ ๊ฐ์ฅ ํฐ ์ฌํ ๋ฌธ์ ๋... ์ด/๊ฐ ์ฌ๊ฐํ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์. (The biggest social problem in my country... seems to be serious.)
H. ์ฌํ ๋ฌธ์ ๋ฅผ ํด๊ฒฐํ๊ธฐ ์ํด ๊ฐ์ธ์ด ํ ์ ์๋ ์ผ์ด ์์ด์? (Is there something individuals can do to solve social problems?)
<summary>Starter
์ฌํ ๋ฌธ์ ๋ฅผ ํด๊ฒฐํ๊ธฐ ์ํด ๊ฐ์ธ์ด ํ ์ ์๋ ๊ฑด... ๋ชฉ์๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋์ด๊ณ ... (Things individuals can do to solve social problems are... raising their voice and...)
I. ์ฌํ ๋ฌธ์ ์ ๋ํด ๊ด์ฌ์ ๊ฐ๋ ๊ฒ ์ ์ค์ํ๋ค๊ณ ์๊ฐํด์? (Why do you think it's important to be interested in social issues?)
<summary>Starter
์ฌํ ๋ฌธ์ ์ ๊ด์ฌ์ ๊ฐ๋ ๊ฒ ์ค์ํ ์ด์ ๋... (The reason it's important to be interested in social issues is...)
J. ํ๊ตญ์์ ํนํ ๊ด์ฌ์ด ๋ง์ ์ฌํ ๋ฌธ์ ๊ฐ ๋ญ์์? ์ ๊ทธ ๋ฌธ์ ๊ฐ ํ๊ตญ์์ ์ค์ํ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์? (What social issue gets particularly a lot of attention in Korea? Why do you think that issue is important in Korea?)
<summary>Starter
ํ๊ตญ์์ ํนํ ๊ด์ฌ์ด ๋ง์ ์ฌํ ๋ฌธ์ ๋... ์๋ํ๋ฉด ํ๊ตญ์... (A social issue that gets particularly a lot of attention in Korea is... Because Korea...)
Sentence Starters
Opener | For |
~์ด/๊ฐ ์ฌ๊ฐํ ๋ฌธ์ ์ธ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์ | Framing an issue |
~์ ๋ํ ์ธ์์ด ๋์์ง๊ณ ์์ด์ | Awareness growing |
ํด๊ฒฐ์ฑ
์ด ํ์ํ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์ | Solution needed |
์์ ๋ณด๋ค ๋์์ก์ง๋ง... | Progress + but |
์์ง ๊ฐ ๊ธธ์ด ๋ฉ์ด์ | Still far to go |
๋ชฉ์๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋์ด๋ค | Speak up |
์ฌํ ์์ ๋ง์ด ์ค์ํด์ | Safety net matters |
~์ด/๊ฐ ์ฐ๊ฒฐ๋ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์ | Issues are connected |
Speaking Challenge
Pick one social issue and build a 90-second Korean commentary: (1) ์ด/๊ฐ ์ฌ๊ฐํ ๋ฌธ์ ์ธ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์ (2) ์๋ํ๋ฉด... (3) ~์ ๋ํ ์ธ์์ด ๋์์ง๊ณ ์์ง๋ง (4) ํด๊ฒฐ์ฑ
์ด ํ์ํ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์ (5) ์์ ๋ณด๋ค ๋์์ก์ง๋ง ์์ง ๊ฐ ๊ธธ์ด ๋ฉ์ด์. Can you hit all 5 beats in 90 seconds and sound balanced?
์ฌํ ๋ฌธ์ ๋ฅผ ํ๊ตญ์ด๋ก ๊น์ด ์๊ฒ ์ด์ผ๊ธฐํ ์ ์์ด์! ๊ท ํ ์กํ ์๊ฐ์ด ์ค์ํด์. โจ
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