๐ŸŒˆ

Cultural Diversity and Inclusion

Agent Progress
Built
Keywords
๋ฌธํ™” ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ / ํฌ์šฉ์„ฑ / ์ฐจ๋ณ„ ์ฒ ํ / ๊ณต์กด
Lesson #
S
Done
Section
Advanced Vocabulary
๐ŸŒ
TL;DR ๐Ÿฆ„
  • ๐ŸŒˆ ๋ฌธํ™” ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ means cultural diversity: different languages, customs, identities, and life experiences existing together in one society.
  • ๐Ÿค ํฌ์šฉ์„ฑ means inclusion: not just โ€œallowing difference,โ€ but making systems welcoming and usable for different people.
  • โš–๏ธ ์ฐจ๋ณ„ ์ฒ ํ and ๊ณต์กด point to the bigger goal: removing discriminatory barriers so groups can live together with dignity.
๐Ÿ”Š
๐ŸŽง Iru Helper Note โ€” Open
Korean Helper Widgets
Korean Helper Widgets
whenever you want to hear a word or sentence aloud. Try phrases like ๋ฌธํ™” ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ, ํฌ์šฉ์„ฑ, and ๊ณต์กด to make these advanced terms feel less like policy fog and more like usable Korean. ๐ŸŽง
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๐ŸŒˆ The Big Picture

In advanced Korean writing, diversity and inclusion are not only feel-good slogans. They are often discussed as social conditions, institutional responsibilities, and policy goals. The key phrase ๋ฌธํ™” ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ (cultural diversity) refers to the coexistence of different cultural backgrounds, values, languages, customs, and identities. ๐ŸŒ
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The word ํฌ์šฉ์„ฑ (inclusion/inclusiveness) goes one step further. A society can contain many cultures but still exclude people in practice. ํฌ์šฉ์„ฑ asks whether institutions, language, education, workplaces, and public services actually make room for different people to participate. ๐Ÿ›๏ธ
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The phrase ์ฐจ๋ณ„ ์ฒ ํ (elimination of discrimination) sounds formal because it is formal. It appears naturally in policy, human-rights, labor, education, and social integration contexts. The final goal is ๊ณต์กด (coexistence): living together without forcing everyone into the same mold. A society is not a smoothie; texture matters. ๐Ÿฅญ

๐ŸŽจ The Core Cultural Inclusion Family

  • ๋ฌธํ™” ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ = cultural diversity; used when describing the presence and value of varied cultural backgrounds.
  • ํฌ์šฉ์„ฑ = inclusion or inclusiveness; used when discussing whether a group, system, or policy welcomes and accommodates difference.
  • ์ฐจ๋ณ„ ์ฒ ํ = elimination/abolition of discrimination; a formal phrase used in rights-based and policy writing.
  • ๊ณต์กด = coexistence; often paired with ์ƒํ˜ธ ์กด์ค‘ (mutual respect), ์‚ฌํšŒ ํ†ตํ•ฉ (social integration), and ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ ์™„ํ™” (conflict mitigation).
  • ์†Œ์ˆ˜์ž = minority or marginalized person/group, depending on context. Use carefully: it is about social position, not simply a small number.
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Common advanced pairings:
  • ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ์„ ์กด์ค‘ํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to respect diversity
  • ํฌ์šฉ์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to strengthen inclusion
  • ์ฐจ๋ณ„์„ ์ฒ ํํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to eliminate discrimination
  • ๊ณต์กด์„ ๋ชจ์ƒ‰ํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to seek coexistence
  • ํŽธ๊ฒฌ์„ ํ•ด์†Œํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to resolve/reduce prejudice

๐Ÿ› ๏ธ How They Work in a Sentence

  • ๋ฌธํ™” ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ์„ ์กด์ค‘ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌํšŒ๋Š” ์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์œผ๋ ค ํ•œ๋‹ค.
    • (A society that respects cultural diversity tries to listen to the voices of people with different backgrounds.) ๐Ÿ‘ฅ
      ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ means background; ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ means voice, both literal and metaphorical.
  • ํฌ์šฉ์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ์ œ๋„์™€ ์–ธ์–ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ์„ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ ๊ฒ€ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
    • (To strengthen inclusion, institutions and language use must be reviewed together.) ๐Ÿงพ
      ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•˜๋‹ค means to strengthen; ์ ๊ฒ€ํ•˜๋‹ค means to inspect or review.
  • ์ฐจ๋ณ„ ์ฒ ํ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ๊ตฌํ˜ธ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๊ณต์กด์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๊ณผ์ œ์ด๋‹ค.
    • (Eliminating discrimination is not a simple slogan but a social task for coexistence.) โš–๏ธ
      ๊ตฌํ˜ธ means slogan; ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๊ณผ์ œ means social task.

๐Ÿงฉ General Formation Rule

Use these nouns with formal action verbs:
  • N์„/๋ฅผ ์กด์ค‘ํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to respect N: ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ์„ ์กด์ค‘ํ•˜๋‹ค (to respect diversity), ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ์กด์ค‘ํ•˜๋‹ค (to respect differences)
  • N์„/๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to strengthen N: ํฌ์šฉ์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•˜๋‹ค (to strengthen inclusion), ์‚ฌํšŒ ํ†ตํ•ฉ์„ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•˜๋‹ค (to strengthen social integration)
  • N์„/๋ฅผ ์ฒ ํํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to abolish/eliminate N: ์ฐจ๋ณ„์„ ์ฒ ํํ•˜๋‹ค (to eliminate discrimination), ๋ถˆํ‰๋“ฑํ•œ ๊ด€ํ–‰์„ ์ฒ ํํ•˜๋‹ค (to abolish unequal practices)
  • N์„/๋ฅผ ๋ชจ์ƒ‰ํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to seek/explore N: ๊ณต์กด์„ ๋ชจ์ƒ‰ํ•˜๋‹ค (to seek coexistence), ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์„ ๋ชจ์ƒ‰ํ•˜๋‹ค (to seek a solution)
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This lesson is advanced vocabulary, so the main skill is choosing the right formal noun-verb combination and reading policy-style sentences smoothly. โœ๏ธ

๐Ÿ“š Cross-check note

The vocabulary and usage patterns were cross-checked against National Institute of Korean Language resources, including korean.go.kr, where public-language and social-integration materials use terms such as diversity, inclusion, discrimination, and coexistence in formal policy contexts. โœ…

๐Ÿชž Synonym Alert

  • ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ โ†’ diversity; broad and neutral.
  • ๋‹ค์›์„ฑ โ†’ pluralism/plurality; more academic, often used for values, systems, and viewpoints.
  • ํฌ์šฉ์„ฑ โ†’ inclusion/inclusiveness; focuses on welcoming participation.
  • ์ˆ˜์šฉ์„ฑ โ†’ acceptability/receptiveness; focuses more on willingness to accept something.
  • ๊ณต์กด โ†’ coexistence; living together while differences remain.
  • ํ™”ํ•ฉ โ†’ harmony; warmer and more emotional, sometimes used in speeches or civic messaging.

โš ๏ธ Pitfalls to Dodge

  • โŒ ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ = random variety only โ†’ โœ… In social writing, ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ often means meaningful human, cultural, or social difference. ๐ŸŒ
  • โŒ ํฌ์šฉ์„ฑ = just tolerance โ†’ โœ… ํฌ์šฉ์„ฑ implies active inclusion, access, and participation. ๐Ÿค
  • โŒ ์ฒ ํํ•˜๋‹ค used for tiny habits โ†’ โœ… ์ฒ ํํ•˜๋‹ค is formal and strong; use it for discrimination, systems, barriers, or harmful practices. โš–๏ธ
  • โŒ ๊ณต์กด = everyone becomes the same โ†’ โœ… ๊ณต์กด means living together while difference remains visible and respected. ๐Ÿงฉ
  • โŒ ์†Œ์ˆ˜์ž used casually for โ€œa few peopleโ€ โ†’ โœ… In social contexts, it often means marginalized groups, so use it with care. ๐Ÿ›ก๏ธ

You now have the vocabulary to discuss cultural diversity without turning everyone into decorative confetti. Difference stays real, systems get fairer, and Korean gets sharper. ๐ŸŒˆโš–๏ธ
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Try this exercise

Practice choosing the most natural term for each formal sentence. Fill the blank, read the completed sentence aloud, then open the Answer toggle to check the nuance.
1. ๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™” ์‚ฌํšŒ์—์„œ๋Š” ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์„ ์กด์ค‘ํ•˜๋Š” ํƒœ๋„๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค.
In a multicultural society, an attitude that respects cultural diversity is necessary. ๐ŸŒ
Answer
๋ฌธํ™” ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ โ€” The sentence refers to valuing different cultural backgrounds.
2. ํ•™๊ต๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ํ•™์ƒ์ด ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์„ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
Schools must strengthen inclusion so that all students can participate. ๐Ÿซ
Answer
ํฌ์šฉ์„ฑ โ€” Participation and access point to inclusion.
3. ์ธ๊ถŒ ์ •์ฑ…์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ๋ชฉํ‘œ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด๋‹ค.
One of the core goals of human-rights policy is eliminating discrimination. โš–๏ธ
Answer
์ฐจ๋ณ„ ์ฒ ํ โ€” This formal rights-policy phrase means eliminating discrimination.
4. ์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ง‘๋‹จ์ด ํ‰ํ™”๋กญ๊ฒŒ ์‚ด์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•œ๋‹ค.
The state in which different groups live together peacefully is called coexistence. ๐Ÿ•Š๏ธ
Answer
๊ณต์กด โ€” ๊ณต์กด means coexistence.
5. ์‚ฌํšŒ๋Š” ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํŽธ๊ฒฌ์„ ์ค„์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ต์œก์„ ํ™•๋Œ€ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
Society expanded education to reduce prejudice against minorities/marginalized groups. ๐Ÿ›ก๏ธ
Answer
์†Œ์ˆ˜์ž โ€” In social contexts, ์†Œ์ˆ˜์ž refers to minority or marginalized groups.
6. ๊ณต๊ณต ๊ธฐ๊ด€์€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์–ธ์–ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž์˜ ์š”๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
Public institutions must reflect the needs of diverse language users. ๐Ÿ—ฃ๏ธ
Answer
๋ฐ˜์˜ โ€” ์š”๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜๋‹ค means to reflect needs.
7. ์ด ์ œ๋„๋Š” ์ด์ฃผ๋ฏผ์˜ ์‚ฌํšŒ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์„ ๋•๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋งˆ๋ จ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.
This system was prepared to help immigrantsโ€™ social integration. ๐Ÿงณ
Answer
ํ†ตํ•ฉ โ€” ์‚ฌํšŒ ํ†ตํ•ฉ means social integration.
8. ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ์ธ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ํƒœ๋„๋Š” ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์— ๋„์›€์ด ๋œ๋‹ค.
An attitude that recognizes differences helps mitigate conflict. ๐Ÿค
Answer
์™„ํ™” โ€” ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ ์™„ํ™” means conflict mitigation.
9. ๋ฌธํ™”์  ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅด๋‹ค๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋กœ ๋ถˆ์ด์ต์„ ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด๋‹ค.
Giving disadvantage because of a different cultural background is discrimination. ๐Ÿšจ
Answer
์ฐจ๋ณ„ โ€” Unfair disadvantage based on background is discrimination.
10. ์ •์ฑ…์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ๋™ํ™”๋ณด๋‹ค ์ƒํ˜ธ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์„ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋กœ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
Policy should aim for mutual respect rather than simple assimilation. ๐ŸŒฑ
Answer
์กด์ค‘ โ€” ์ƒํ˜ธ ์กด์ค‘ means mutual respect.
๐Ÿ“š
Vocabulary Box
  • ๋ฌธํ™” ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ โ†’ cultural diversity
  • ํฌ์šฉ์„ฑ โ†’ inclusion/inclusiveness
  • ์ฐจ๋ณ„ ์ฒ ํ โ†’ elimination of discrimination
  • ๊ณต์กด โ†’ coexistence
  • ์†Œ์ˆ˜์ž โ†’ minority/marginalized group
  • ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to reflect
  • ์‚ฌํšŒ ํ†ตํ•ฉ โ†’ social integration
  • ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ ์™„ํ™” โ†’ conflict mitigation
  • ์ฐจ๋ณ„ โ†’ discrimination
  • ์ƒํ˜ธ ์กด์ค‘ โ†’ mutual respect
Tip ๐Ÿ’ก Look for the policy goal: respect diversity, strengthen inclusion, eliminate discrimination, seek coexistence.

๐Ÿš€
Want more reps? Step into the Practice Hub when you're ready to make these society-and-policy terms click. ๐ŸŒ
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๐Ÿ“ฆ
๐ŸŽฏ Practice Hub โ€” Cultural Diversity and Inclusion
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Welcome to your cultural diversity and inclusion workout. Youโ€™ll practice advanced Korean vocabulary for social difference, inclusive institutions, discrimination removal, coexistence, and mutual respect โ€” the vocabulary of building a bigger table instead of arguing over who gets a chair. ๐Ÿช‘๐ŸŒ
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๐Ÿ”Š Audio reminder: Use
Korean Helper Widgets
Korean Helper Widgets
whenever you want to hear a sentence aloud.
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๐Ÿ“ Instructions: Fill each blank with the most natural Korean term or form. Pay attention to formal noun-verb pairings, then open the Answer toggle to check the nuance.
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Exercise 1 โ€” Diversity Concepts ๐ŸŒˆ

A. ์ง€์—ญ ์ถ•์ œ๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ณต๋™์ฒด์˜ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ ์ฃผ๋Š” ์žฅ์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.
The local festival became a space showing the cultural diversity of several communities. ๐ŸŽช
Answer
๋ฌธํ™” ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ โ€” The sentence highlights multiple communitiesโ€™ cultural presence.
B. ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ด€์ด ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌํšŒ๋ฅผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ์‚ฌํšŒ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
A society where multiple value systems exist together can be called a pluralistic society. ๐Ÿง 
Answer
๋‹ค์›์  โ€” ๋‹ค์›์  ์‚ฌํšŒ means a pluralistic society.
C. ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ƒํ™œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์ธ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ํƒœ๋„๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์˜ ์ถœ๋ฐœ์ ์ด๋‹ค.
An attitude that recognizes different lifestyles is the starting point of respecting diversity. ๐Ÿก
Answer
์กด์ค‘ โ€” ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ ์กด์ค‘ means respect for diversity.
D. ์–ธ์–ด์™€ ๊ด€์Šต์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋Š” ์‚ฌํšŒ๋ฅผ ๋” ํ’๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
Differences in language and customs can become resources that make society richer. ๐Ÿ—ฃ๏ธ
Answer
์ž์› โ€” Here difference is framed as a social resource.
E. ๋ฌธํ™”์  ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ˜‘์œผ๋กœ๋งŒ ๋ณด๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ์€ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์„ ํ‚ค์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
A view that sees cultural difference only as a threat can increase prejudice. ๐Ÿ‘€
Answer
ํŽธ๊ฒฌ โ€” Threat-focused thinking often produces prejudice.
F. ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ •์ฒด์„ฑ์ด ์กด์ค‘๋  ๋•Œ ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋„ ๋ณดํ˜ธ๋œ๋‹ค.
When diverse identities are respected, individual dignity is also protected. ๐Ÿ›ก๏ธ
Answer
์กด์—„์„ฑ โ€” ์กด์—„์„ฑ means dignity.
G. ํ•œ ์‚ฌํšŒ์˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์€ ์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์„ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
Members of one society can have different backgrounds. ๐Ÿ‘ฅ
Answer
๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ โ€” ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ means background.
H. ๋ฌธํ™” ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ์žฅ์‹์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์‚ฌํšŒ ๋ฐœ์ „์˜ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด๋‹ค.
Cultural diversity is not a mere decoration but a basis for social development. ๐Ÿงฑ
Answer
ํ† ๋Œ€ โ€” ํ† ๋Œ€ means foundation/basis.
I. ์„œ๋กœ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์€ ๊ณต๋™์ฒด์˜ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋ฅผ ๋„“ํžŒ๋‹ค.
The process of learning each otherโ€™s differences broadens the communityโ€™s perspective. ๐Ÿ”ญ
Answer
์‹œ์•ผ โ€” ์‹œ์•ผ๋ฅผ ๋„“ํžˆ๋‹ค means to broaden perspective.
J. ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ์„ ์ธ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ํƒœ๋„๋Š” ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์„ ์‹ฌํ™”์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
An attitude that does not recognize diversity can deepen social conflict. โšก
Answer
๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ โ€” Lack of recognition can deepen conflict.
๐Ÿ“š
Vocabulary Box
  • ์ง€์—ญ ์ถ•์ œ โ†’ local festival
  • ๊ณต๋™์ฒด โ†’ community
  • ๋ฌธํ™” ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ โ†’ cultural diversity
  • ๋‹ค์›์  ์‚ฌํšŒ โ†’ pluralistic society
  • ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ ์กด์ค‘ โ†’ respect for diversity
  • ์ž์› โ†’ resource
  • ํŽธ๊ฒฌ โ†’ prejudice
  • ์กด์—„์„ฑ โ†’ dignity
  • ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ โ†’ background
  • ํ† ๋Œ€ โ†’ foundation
  • ์‹œ์•ผ โ†’ perspective/view
  • ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ โ†’ conflict
Tip ๐Ÿ’ก Diversity language often frames difference as a resource, foundation, or perspective โ€” not a problem to erase.
ย 

Exercise 2 โ€” Inclusion and Participation ๐Ÿค

A. ํšŒ์˜ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์‰ฌ์šด ์–ธ์–ด๋กœ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋ฉด ์ฐธ์—ฌ์˜ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด ๋†’์•„์ง„๋‹ค.
If meeting materials are provided in easy language, accessibility of participation increases. ๐Ÿ“„
Answer
์ ‘๊ทผ์„ฑ โ€” ์ ‘๊ทผ์„ฑ means accessibility.
B. ํฌ์šฉ์ ์ธ ์กฐ์ง์€ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ์˜์‚ฌ ๊ฒฐ์ •์— ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ•œ๋‹ค.
An inclusive organization reflects membersโ€™ opinions in decision-making. ๐Ÿข
Answer
๋ฐ˜์˜ โ€” ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜๋‹ค means to reflect opinions.
C. ํ•™๊ต๋Š” ์ด์ฃผ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ ํ•™์ƒ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ง€์› ์ฒด๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
The school strengthened its support system for students with immigrant backgrounds. ๐Ÿซ
Answer
๊ฐ•ํ™” โ€” ์ง€์› ์ฒด๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•˜๋‹ค means to strengthen a support system.
D. ํฌ์šฉ์„ฑ์€ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ์ฐธ๊ณ  ๊ฒฌ๋””๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ฐธ์—ฌ๋ฅผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
Inclusion is not merely enduring difference; it is guaranteeing participation. ๐ŸŽซ
Answer
๋ณด์žฅ โ€” ์ฐธ์—ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์žฅํ•˜๋‹ค means to guarantee participation.
E. ์žฅ๋ฒฝ์„ ๋‚ฎ์ถ”๋Š” ์ •์ฑ…์€ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์•ฝ์ž์˜ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์„ ๋„“ํžŒ๋‹ค.
Policies that lower barriers expand opportunities for socially vulnerable people. ๐Ÿšช
Answer
๊ธฐํšŒ โ€” Lowering barriers expands opportunity.
F. ๊ณต๊ณต ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž์˜ ํ•„์š”์— ๋งž๊ฒŒ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
Public services must be improved according to the needs of diverse users. ๐Ÿงฐ
Answer
๊ฐœ์„  โ€” ๊ฐœ์„ ๋˜๋‹ค means to be improved.
G. ํฌ์šฉ์ ์ธ ์–ธ์–ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ์€ ๋ฐฐ์ œ๊ฐ์„ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋œ๋‹ค.
Inclusive language use helps reduce feelings of exclusion. ๐Ÿ—ฃ๏ธ
Answer
์ค„์ด โ€” ์ค„์ด๋Š” completes the sentence; the base verb is ์ค„์ด๋‹ค.
H. ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์ด ๋ฐœ์–ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์€ ์กฐ์ง์˜ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์„ ๋†’์ธ๋‹ค.
An environment where all members can speak raises organizational inclusiveness. ๐Ÿ—จ๏ธ
Answer
ํฌ์šฉ์„ฑ โ€” The sentence describes institutional inclusion.
I. ๋Œ€ํ‘œ์„ฑ์ด ๋‚ฎ์€ ์ง‘๋‹จ์˜ ์ฐธ์—ฌ๋ฅผ ๋Š˜๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ˜•์‹์  ํ‰๋“ฑ์„ ๋„˜์–ด์„  ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด๋‹ค.
Increasing participation of underrepresented groups is equity beyond formal equality. โš–๏ธ
Answer
ํ˜•ํ‰์„ฑ โ€” ํ˜•ํ‰์„ฑ means equity according to context and need.
J. ์ง€์› ์ œ๋„๊ฐ€ ํ˜„์žฅ๊ณผ ๋งž์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ์‹ค์ œ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์€ ๋‚ฎ์•„์ง„๋‹ค.
If the support system does not fit the field, actual effectiveness decreases. ๐Ÿงพ
Answer
์‹คํšจ์„ฑ โ€” ์‹คํšจ์„ฑ means practical effectiveness.
๐Ÿ“š
Vocabulary Box
  • ์‰ฌ์šด ์–ธ์–ด โ†’ easy/plain language
  • ์ ‘๊ทผ์„ฑ โ†’ accessibility
  • ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to reflect opinions
  • ์ง€์› ์ฒด๊ณ„ โ†’ support system
  • ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to strengthen
  • ์ฐธ์—ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์žฅํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to guarantee participation
  • ์žฅ๋ฒฝ์„ ๋‚ฎ์ถ”๋‹ค โ†’ to lower barriers
  • ๊ฐœ์„ ๋˜๋‹ค โ†’ to be improved
  • ๋ฐฐ์ œ๊ฐ โ†’ feeling of exclusion
  • ํฌ์šฉ์„ฑ โ†’ inclusion
  • ํ˜•ํ‰์„ฑ โ†’ equity
  • ์‹คํšจ์„ฑ โ†’ effectiveness
Tip ๐Ÿ’ก Inclusion is active: reflect needs, guarantee participation, lower barriers, and improve systems.
ย 

Exercise 3 โ€” Discrimination and Barriers โš–๏ธ

A. ์ถœ์‹  ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ด์œ ๋กœ ๋ถˆ์ด์ต์„ ์ฃผ๋Š” ํ–‰์œ„๋Š” ๋ช…๋ฐฑํ•œ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด๋‹ค.
Giving disadvantage because of country of origin is clear discrimination. ๐Ÿ›‚
Answer
์ฐจ๋ณ„ โ€” Unfair treatment based on origin is discrimination.
B. ์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ๊ณ ์šฉ ํ˜„์žฅ์˜ ์ฐจ๋ณ„์  ๊ด€ํ–‰์„ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
The government must eliminate discriminatory practices in employment sites. ๐Ÿ’ผ
Answer
์ฒ ํ โ€” ๊ด€ํ–‰์„ ์ฒ ํํ•˜๋‹ค is formal and strong.
C. ํŽธ๊ฒฌ์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค ํ™•์ธ ์—†์ด ํŠน์ • ์ง‘๋‹จ์„ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ ๋‹ค.
Prejudice makes people negatively judge a specific group without checking facts. ๐Ÿ‘€
Answer
ํŒ๋‹จ โ€” ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๋‹ค means to make someone judge.
D. ์ œ๋„์  ์žฅ๋ฒฝ์€ ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ต๋‹ค.
Institutional barriers are difficult to overcome through individual effort alone. ๐Ÿงฑ
Answer
๊ทน๋ณต โ€” ์žฅ๋ฒฝ์„ ๊ทน๋ณตํ•˜๋‹ค means to overcome barriers.
E. ์ฐจ๋ณ„ ํ”ผํ•ด์ž๋Š” ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ ๊ตฌ์ œ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋ฅผ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์ด์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
Victims of discrimination must be able to easily use remedy procedures. ๐Ÿ›ก๏ธ
Answer
์ ˆ์ฐจ โ€” ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ ๊ตฌ์ œ ์ ˆ์ฐจ means rights-remedy procedure.
F. ํ˜์˜ค ํ‘œํ˜„์€ ํŠน์ • ์ง‘๋‹จ์˜ ์กด์—„์„ฑ์„ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
Hate speech can undermine the dignity of a specific group. ๐Ÿšจ
Answer
ํ›ผ์† โ€” ์กด์—„์„ฑ์„ ํ›ผ์†ํ•˜๋‹ค means to damage dignity.
G. ์ฐจ๋ณ„ ๊ธˆ์ง€ ๊ต์œก์€ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์ธ์‹ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์— ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•œ๋‹ค.
Anti-discrimination education contributes to improving social awareness. ๐Ÿง 
Answer
๊ฐœ์„  โ€” ์ธ์‹ ๊ฐœ์„  means improvement of awareness.
H. ์†Œ์ˆ˜์ž์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ณ ์ •๊ด€๋…์€ ๊ณต์ •ํ•œ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
Stereotypes about minorities can hinder fair evaluation. ๐Ÿ“‹
Answer
์ €ํ•ด โ€” ์ €ํ•ดํ•˜๋‹ค means to hinder or impede.
I. ์ฐจ๋ณ„์„ ์ค„์ด๋ ค๋ฉด ํ”ผํ•ด ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋“ค์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
To reduce discrimination, one must listen responsibly to experiences of harm. ๐Ÿ‘‚
Answer
์ฑ…์ž„ โ€” ์ฑ…์ž„ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ means responsibly.
J. ๋ถˆํ‰๋“ฑํ•œ ๊ทœ์น™์„ ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋‘๋ฉด ๋ฐฐ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
If unequal rules are left as they are, exclusion can be repeated. ๐Ÿ”
Answer
๋ฐ˜๋ณต โ€” ๋ฐ˜๋ณต๋˜๋‹ค means to be repeated.
๐Ÿ“š
Vocabulary Box
  • ์ถœ์‹  ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ โ†’ country of origin
  • ๋ถˆ์ด์ต โ†’ disadvantage
  • ์ฐจ๋ณ„ โ†’ discrimination
  • ์ฐจ๋ณ„์  ๊ด€ํ–‰ โ†’ discriminatory practice
  • ์ฒ ํํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to eliminate/abolish
  • ํŽธ๊ฒฌ โ†’ prejudice
  • ์ œ๋„์  ์žฅ๋ฒฝ โ†’ institutional barrier
  • ๊ทน๋ณตํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to overcome
  • ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ ๊ตฌ์ œ ์ ˆ์ฐจ โ†’ rights-remedy procedure
  • ์กด์—„์„ฑ์„ ํ›ผ์†ํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to undermine dignity
  • ์ธ์‹ ๊ฐœ์„  โ†’ awareness improvement
  • ์ €ํ•ดํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to hinder
  • ๋ฐ˜๋ณต๋˜๋‹ค โ†’ to be repeated
Tip ๐Ÿ’ก Use ์ฒ ํํ•˜๋‹ค for serious structural problems, not tiny preferences.
ย 

Exercise 4 โ€” Coexistence and Social Integration ๐Ÿ•Š๏ธ

A. ์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ณต๋™์ฒด๊ฐ€ ํ‰ํ™”๋กญ๊ฒŒ ์‚ด์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•œ๋‹ค.
A relationship in which different communities live peacefully together is called coexistence. ๐Ÿ•Š๏ธ
Answer
๊ณต์กด โ€” ๊ณต์กด means coexistence.
B. ๊ณต์กด์„ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐฉ์  ๋™ํ™”๋ณด๋‹ค ์ƒํ˜ธ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค.
For coexistence, mutual respect is more important than one-sided assimilation. ๐Ÿค
Answer
์กด์ค‘ โ€” ์ƒํ˜ธ ์กด์ค‘ means mutual respect.
C. ์‚ฌํšŒ ํ†ตํ•ฉ์€ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ์ง€์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ์„ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์ด๋‹ค.
Social integration is not erasing differences but a process of mitigating conflict. ๐Ÿงฉ
Answer
์™„ํ™” โ€” ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ์„ ์™„ํ™”ํ•˜๋‹ค means to mitigate conflict.
D. ์ง€์—ญ ์‚ฌํšŒ๋Š” ์ด์ฃผ๋ฏผ๊ณผ ์ฃผ๋ฏผ์˜ ๊ต๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ–‰์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์—ด์—ˆ๋‹ค.
The local community held an event to promote exchange between immigrants and residents. ๐ŸŽช
Answer
์ด‰์ง„ โ€” ๊ต๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ด‰์ง„ํ•˜๋‹ค means to promote exchange.
E. ๊ณต์กด์˜ ์กฐ๊ฑด์€ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ์—†์• ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
The condition for coexistence is not removing difference but recognizing difference. ๐Ÿ‘€
Answer
์ธ์ • โ€” ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ์ธ์ •ํ•˜๋‹ค means to recognize difference.
F. ๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™” ๊ต์œก์€ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ฌธํ™”๋ฅผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ•˜๋„๋ก ๋•๋Š”๋‹ค.
Multicultural education helps students understand diverse cultures. ๐Ÿ“š
Answer
์ดํ•ด โ€” ๋ฌธํ™”๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋‹ค means to understand culture.
G. ๊ณต๋™์ฒด์˜ ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋Š” ๊พธ์ค€ํ•œ ๋Œ€ํ™”์™€ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ˜•์„ฑ๋œ๋‹ค.
Community trust is formed through steady dialogue and cooperation. ๐Ÿง‘โ€๐Ÿคโ€๐Ÿง‘
Answer
ํ˜‘๋ ฅ โ€” ๋Œ€ํ™”์™€ ํ˜‘๋ ฅ is a natural pair.
H. ์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ง‘๋‹จ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์˜คํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ค„์ด๋ ค๋ฉด ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์˜ ๊ธฐํšŒ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค.
To reduce misunderstanding between different groups, opportunities for communication are needed. ๐Ÿ’ฌ
Answer
์†Œํ†ต โ€” ์†Œํ†ต์˜ ๊ธฐํšŒ means opportunities for communication.
I. ๊ณต์กด์€ ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ์ด ์ „ํ˜€ ์—†๋Š” ์ƒํƒœ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ์„ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ•˜๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด๋‹ค.
Coexistence is not a state with no conflict at all, but the ability to manage conflict. ๐Ÿงญ
Answer
๊ด€๋ฆฌ โ€” ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ์„ ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•˜๋‹ค means to manage conflict.
J. ํฌ์šฉ์  ์ •์ฑ…์€ ์‚ฌํšŒ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์˜ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๊ฐ์„ ๋†’์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
Inclusive policy can raise membersโ€™ sense of belonging. ๐Ÿ 
Answer
์†Œ์† โ€” ์†Œ์†๊ฐ means sense of belonging.
๐Ÿ“š
Vocabulary Box
  • ๊ณต๋™์ฒด โ†’ community
  • ๊ณต์กด โ†’ coexistence
  • ์ƒํ˜ธ ์กด์ค‘ โ†’ mutual respect
  • ์ผ๋ฐฉ์  ๋™ํ™” โ†’ one-sided assimilation
  • ์‚ฌํšŒ ํ†ตํ•ฉ โ†’ social integration
  • ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ ์™„ํ™” โ†’ conflict mitigation
  • ๊ต๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ด‰์ง„ํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to promote exchange
  • ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ์ธ์ •ํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to recognize difference
  • ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to understand
  • ํ˜‘๋ ฅ โ†’ cooperation
  • ์†Œํ†ต โ†’ communication
  • ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to manage
  • ์†Œ์†๊ฐ โ†’ sense of belonging
Tip ๐Ÿ’ก ๊ณต์กด does not erase difference; it manages difference with respect, dialogue, and shared rules.
ย 

Exercise 5 โ€” Mixed Mastery + Pitfall Patrol ๐Ÿ›ก๏ธ

A. ๋ฌธํ™” ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ์Œ์‹์ด๋‚˜ ์˜ท์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป๋งŒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Cultural diversity does not simply mean there are many kinds of food or clothing. ๐Ÿฝ๏ธ
Answer
๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ โ€” โŒ diversity = random variety only โ†’ โœ… it includes meaningful human, cultural, and social difference.
B. ํฌ์šฉ์„ฑ์€ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ์ฐธ๋Š” ํƒœ๋„์— ๊ทธ์น˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์ฐธ์—ฌ๋ฅผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ•œ๋‹ค.
Inclusion does not stop at tolerating difference; it guarantees participation. ๐ŸŽซ
Answer
๋ณด์žฅ โ€” โŒ inclusion = mere tolerance โ†’ โœ… inclusion means active access and participation.
C. ๋ถˆํ‰๋“ฑํ•œ ์ œ๋„๋ฅผ ์—†์•จ ๋•Œ๋Š” ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ํ‘œํ˜„์ธ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
When removing unequal systems, the strong expression โ€œabolition/eliminationโ€ can be used. โš–๏ธ
Answer
์ฒ ํ โ€” โŒ use ์ฒ ํํ•˜๋‹ค for tiny habits โ†’ โœ… use it for discrimination, systems, barriers, or harmful practices.
D. ๊ณต์กด์€ ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์‚ด์•„์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด๋‹ค.
Coexistence does not mean everyone must live the same way; it means respecting difference. ๐Ÿงฉ
Answer
์กด์ค‘ โ€” โŒ coexistence = sameness โ†’ โœ… coexistence keeps difference visible and respected.
E. ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ์ˆซ์ž๊ฐ€ ์ ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋งŒ์„ ๋œปํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค.
In social contexts, minority/marginalized group does not simply mean people who are few in number. ๐Ÿ›ก๏ธ
Answer
์†Œ์ˆ˜์ž โ€” โŒ ์†Œ์ˆ˜์ž = just a few people โ†’ โœ… it often refers to marginalized groups.
F. ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์–ธ์–ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ๊ณต๊ณต ์„œ๋น„์Šค์˜ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์„ฑ์ด ๋‚ฎ์•„์ง„๋‹ค.
If diverse language users are not considered, public servicesโ€™ accessibility decreases. ๐Ÿ›๏ธ
Answer
์ ‘๊ทผ โ€” ์ ‘๊ทผ์„ฑ means accessibility.
G. ์ƒํ˜ธ ์กด์ค‘์ด ๋ถ€์กฑํ•˜๋ฉด ์ž‘์€ ์˜คํ•ด๋„ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฒˆ์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
If mutual respect is lacking, even a small misunderstanding can spread into social conflict. โšก
Answer
๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ โ€” ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฒˆ์ง€๋‹ค means to spread into conflict.
H. ์ฐจ๋ณ„ ์ฒ ํ ์ •์ฑ…์€ ํ”ผํ•ด์ž์˜ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์žฅ์น˜์ด๋‹ค.
Anti-discrimination policy is a mechanism for protecting victimsโ€™ rights. ๐Ÿ›ก๏ธ
Answer
๋ณดํ˜ธ โ€” ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๋‹ค means to protect rights.
I. ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋“ฃ๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์€ ์ •์ฑ…์˜ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์„ฑ์„ ๋†’์ธ๋‹ค.
The process of listening to diverse voices raises the legitimacy of policy. ๐Ÿ—ณ๏ธ
Answer
์ •๋‹น โ€” ์ •๋‹น์„ฑ means legitimacy.
J. ํฌ์šฉ์  ์‚ฌํšŒ๋Š” ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ์ง€์šฐ๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ด์•„๊ฐˆ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ•œ๋‹ค.
An inclusive society seeks ways to live together rather than erasing difference. ๐ŸŒฑ
Answer
๋ชจ์ƒ‰ โ€” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ชจ์ƒ‰ํ•˜๋‹ค means to seek a way.
๐Ÿ“š
Vocabulary Box
  • ๋ฌธํ™” ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ โ†’ cultural diversity
  • ์ฐธ์—ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์žฅํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to guarantee participation
  • ์ฒ ํ โ†’ elimination/abolition
  • ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ์กด์ค‘ํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to respect difference
  • ์†Œ์ˆ˜์ž โ†’ minority/marginalized group
  • ์ ‘๊ทผ์„ฑ โ†’ accessibility
  • ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ โ†’ social conflict
  • ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to protect rights
  • ์ •๋‹น์„ฑ โ†’ legitimacy
  • ๋ชจ์ƒ‰ํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to seek/explore
Tip ๐Ÿ’ก Pitfall patrol: diversity is not decoration, inclusion is not passive tolerance, and coexistence is not forced sameness.
ย 
๐ŸŽ‰ Beautiful work โ€” you can now discuss ๋ฌธํ™” ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ, ํฌ์šฉ์„ฑ, ์ฐจ๋ณ„ ์ฒ ํ, and ๊ณต์กด with the kind of precision that makes policy language actually human. ๐ŸŒˆ๐Ÿค
๐ŸŒˆ
TL;DR ๐Ÿฆ„
  • ๐ŸŒ ๋ฌธํ™” ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ means cultural diversity: different languages, customs, identities, beliefs, and ways of living existing within one society or across societies.
  • ๐Ÿคฒ ํฌ์šฉ์„ฑ means inclusiveness: a societyโ€™s ability to accept difference and make room for participation without forcing everyone into one mold.
  • โš–๏ธ ์ฐจ๋ณ„ ์ฒ ํ means abolition/elimination of discrimination: removing unfair treatment so people can coexist with dignity.
๐Ÿ”Š
๐ŸŽง Iru Helper Note โ€” Use
Korean Helper Widgets
Korean Helper Widgets
to hear formal social-policy phrases like ๋ฌธํ™” ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ์„ ์กด์ค‘ํ•˜๋‹ค (to respect cultural diversity), ํฌ์šฉ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌํšŒ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๋‹ค (to create an inclusive society), and ์ฐจ๋ณ„์„ ์ฒ ํํ•˜๋‹ค (to eliminate discrimination).
ย 

๐ŸŒˆ The Big Picture

A society is not a copy-paste document. It is more like a city street: languages, food, customs, beliefs, family structures, histories, and identities all meet in the same public space. That richness is ๋ฌธํ™” ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ โ€” cultural diversity. ๐Ÿ™๏ธ
But diversity alone does not automatically create fairness. If people are โ€œpresentโ€ but not respected, heard, or able to participate, the society still lacks ํฌ์šฉ์„ฑ โ€” inclusiveness. ํฌ์šฉ์„ฑ is the quality of making space for different people rather than treating difference as a problem to be erased. ๐Ÿคฒ
The policy-level goal is often ์ฐจ๋ณ„ ์ฒ ํ โ€” eliminating discrimination โ€” so that people can move from mere coexistence to meaningful ๊ณต์กด (coexistence) and ์ƒํ˜ธ ์กด์ค‘ (mutual respect). That is where advanced vocabulary gets delightfully serious. Tiny confetti, big ethics. ๐ŸŽŠ

๐ŸŽจ The Core Diversity & Inclusion Family

  • ๋ฌธํ™” ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ โ†’ cultural diversity. ๋ฌธํ™” means โ€œculture,โ€ and ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ means โ€œdiversity.โ€
  • ํฌ์šฉ์„ฑ โ†’ inclusiveness / capacity to include. Use it for systems, communities, policies, and attitudes that accept difference.
  • ํฌ์šฉ์  โ†’ inclusive. This modifier appears in phrases like ํฌ์šฉ์  ์‚ฌํšŒ (inclusive society) and ํฌ์šฉ์  ์ •์ฑ… (inclusive policy).
  • ์ฐจ๋ณ„ โ†’ discrimination. Unfair treatment based on identity, background, gender, disability, nationality, belief, or other traits.
  • ์ฐจ๋ณ„ ์ฒ ํ โ†’ elimination/abolition of discrimination. ์ฒ ํ means abolishing or getting rid of an unfair system, practice, or barrier.
  • ๊ณต์กด โ†’ coexistence. Living together despite difference; stronger when paired with respect and cooperation.
  • ์ƒํ˜ธ ์กด์ค‘ โ†’ mutual respect. ์ƒํ˜ธ means โ€œmutual,โ€ and ์กด์ค‘ means โ€œrespect.โ€
  • ์‚ฌํšŒ ํ†ตํ•ฉ โ†’ social integration. This can be positive when it means participation and belonging, but it should not mean forced sameness.
  • ์†Œ์ˆ˜์ž โ†’ minority / marginalized person or group, depending on context.
  • ํŽธ๊ฒฌ โ†’ prejudice; ๊ณ ์ •๊ด€๋… โ†’ stereotype. Both can feed discrimination if left unchecked.

๐Ÿ› ๏ธ How They Work in a Sentence

  • ๋ฌธํ™” ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ์„ ์กด์ค‘ํ•˜๋Š” ํƒœ๋„๋Š” ํฌ์šฉ์  ์‚ฌํšŒ์˜ ์ถœ๋ฐœ์ ์ด๋‹ค.
    • An attitude that respects cultural diversity is the starting point of an inclusive society. ๐ŸŒฑ
      Notes: ์กด์ค‘ํ•˜๋‹ค means โ€œto respect,โ€ ํƒœ๋„ means โ€œattitude,โ€ and ์ถœ๋ฐœ์  means โ€œstarting point.โ€
  • ์ฐจ๋ณ„ ์ฒ ํ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋ฒ•์  ์žฅ์น˜์™€ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์ธ์‹ ๊ฐœ์„ ์ด ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค.
    • To eliminate discrimination, legal mechanisms and improvement in social awareness are both necessary. โš–๏ธ
      Notes: ๋ฒ•์  ์žฅ์น˜ means โ€œlegal mechanism,โ€ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์ธ์‹ means โ€œsocial awareness,โ€ and ๊ฐœ์„  means โ€œimprovement.โ€
  • ์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ณต์กดํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ์ƒํ˜ธ ์กด์ค‘์ด ์ „์ œ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
    • For people with different backgrounds to coexist, mutual respect must be assumed as a foundation. ๐Ÿงฉ
      Notes: ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ means โ€œbackground,โ€ ์ „์ œ๋˜๋‹ค means โ€œto be presupposed/required as a premise,โ€ and ์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ means โ€œdifferent from one another.โ€

๐Ÿงฉ General Formation Rule

Advanced social vocabulary often forms polished noun phrases by stacking a value word with a policy action:
  • ๋ฌธํ™” + ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ โ†’ ๋ฌธํ™” ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ (cultural diversity)
  • ์ฐจ๋ณ„ + ์ฒ ํ โ†’ ์ฐจ๋ณ„ ์ฒ ํ (elimination of discrimination)
  • ์ƒํ˜ธ + ์กด์ค‘ โ†’ ์ƒํ˜ธ ์กด์ค‘ (mutual respect)
  • ์‚ฌํšŒ + ํ†ตํ•ฉ โ†’ ์‚ฌํšŒ ํ†ตํ•ฉ (social integration)
  • ์ธ์‹ + ๊ฐœ์„  โ†’ ์ธ์‹ ๊ฐœ์„  (improvement of awareness)
Pair them with verbs like ์กด์ค‘ํ•˜๋‹ค (to respect), ๋ณด์žฅํ•˜๋‹ค (to guarantee), ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•˜๋‹ค (to strengthen), ํ•ด์†Œํ•˜๋‹ค (to resolve/relieve), ์ฒ ํํ•˜๋‹ค (to abolish/eliminate), and ์ด‰์ง„ํ•˜๋‹ค (to promote). ๐Ÿงญ

๐Ÿ“š Cross-check note

Core vocabulary and spacing patterns such as ๋ฌธํ™” ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ, ํฌ์šฉ์„ฑ, ์ฐจ๋ณ„, ์ฒ ํ, ๊ณต์กด, ์ƒํ˜ธ ์กด์ค‘, and ์‚ฌํšŒ ํ†ตํ•ฉ were cross-checked against National Institute of Korean Language resources, including ํ‘œ์ค€๊ตญ์–ด๋Œ€์‚ฌ์ „ and language guidance via korean.go.kr. โœ…

๐Ÿชž Synonym Alert

  • ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ โ†’ diversity. Neutral and broad.
  • ๋‹ค์›์„ฑ โ†’ plurality / pluralism. More academic; often used for values, society, culture, or democracy.
  • ํฌ์šฉ์„ฑ โ†’ inclusiveness. Focuses on the capacity to include.
  • ์ˆ˜์šฉ์„ฑ โ†’ acceptability / receptiveness. Focuses on whether people or systems can accept something.
  • ๊ณต์กด โ†’ coexistence. Living together despite differences.
  • ์ƒ์ƒ โ†’ mutual benefit / shared prosperity. More focused on benefiting together than simply existing together.
  • ์ฐจ๋ณ„ ์ฒ ํ โ†’ elimination of discrimination. Strong policy phrase.
  • ์ฐจ๋ณ„ ํ•ด์†Œ โ†’ reduction/resolution of discrimination. Slightly softer than ์ฒ ํ.

โš ๏ธ Pitfalls to Dodge

  • โŒ ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ = automatic harmony โ†’ โœ… Diversity describes difference; harmony requires ์ƒํ˜ธ ์กด์ค‘, fair systems, and participation. ๐ŸŽญ
  • โŒ ํฌ์šฉ์„ฑ = simply โ€œbeing niceโ€ โ†’ โœ… It means structural and social inclusiveness: making participation possible. ๐Ÿคฒ
  • โŒ ์ฐจ๋ณ„ ์ฒ ํ = personal kindness only โ†’ โœ… It often refers to removing discriminatory laws, practices, barriers, or institutions. โš–๏ธ
  • โŒ ์‚ฌํšŒ ํ†ตํ•ฉ = forcing everyone to become the same โ†’ โœ… In inclusive contexts, it should mean belonging and participation while respecting difference. ๐Ÿงฉ
  • โŒ ์†Œ์ˆ˜์ž always means โ€œsmall numberโ€ only โ†’ โœ… It often means a socially marginalized group, not just a numerical minority. ๐Ÿ”Ž

You now have the vocabulary to talk about diversity without flattening it โ€” which is basically the linguistic version of letting every instrument stay audible in the orchestra. ๐ŸŽป๐Ÿฅ
ย 

Try this exercise

Practice choosing the most precise social-policy word. Fill each blank, read the sentence aloud, then open the Answer toggle to check the nuance.
1. ํ•œ ์‚ฌํšŒ์˜ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์–ธ์–ด์™€ ๊ด€์Šต์„ ์ธ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘๋œ๋‹ค.
A societyโ€™s cultural diversity begins with recognizing different languages and customs. ๐Ÿ—ฃ๏ธ
Answer
๋ฌธํ™” ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ โ€” The sentence focuses on culture, language, and customs.
2. ๊ณต๊ณต ๊ธฐ๊ด€์€ ์žฅ์• ์ธ์˜ ์ฐธ์—ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ์ •์ฑ…์„ ๋งˆ๋ จํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
Public institutions should prepare inclusive policies that guarantee participation for people with disabilities. โ™ฟ
Answer
ํฌ์šฉ์  โ€” This modifies ์ •์ฑ… (policy), so the adjective-like form fits.
3. ๋ถ€๋‹นํ•œ ๋Œ€์šฐ๋ฅผ ์—†์• ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋Š” ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด๋‹ค.
The goal of removing unfair treatment is eliminating discrimination. โš–๏ธ
Answer
์ฐจ๋ณ„ ์ฒ ํ โ€” ์ฒ ํ is strong: abolishing/removing an unfair practice.
4. ์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ข…๊ต๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์ด์›ƒ๋“ค์ด ํ‰ํ™”๋กญ๊ฒŒ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
Neighbors with different religions are coexisting peacefully. ๐Ÿ•Š๏ธ
Answer
๊ณต์กด โ€” ๊ณต์กดํ•˜๋‹ค means to coexist.
5. ๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™” ๊ต์œก์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ์€ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
The core of multicultural education is learning mutual respect. ๐Ÿ“š
Answer
์ƒํ˜ธ ์กด์ค‘ โ€” Diversity becomes healthier when respect is mutual.
6. ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ ์—†๋Š” ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์€ ์ฐจ๋ณ„๋กœ ์ด์–ด์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
Baseless prejudice can lead to discrimination. ๐Ÿง 
Answer
ํŽธ๊ฒฌ โ€” ํŽธ๊ฒฌ means prejudice.
7. ํŠน์ • ์ง‘๋‹จ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์€ ํ˜„์‹ค์„ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ™”ํ•œ๋‹ค.
Stereotypes about a particular group oversimplify reality. ๐Ÿงฑ
Answer
๊ณ ์ •๊ด€๋… โ€” A fixed idea about a group is a stereotype.
8. ๋ชจ๋“  ์‹œ๋ฏผ์ด ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด ๋” ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•ด์ง„๋‹ค.
Social integration becomes healthier when all citizens can participate. ๐Ÿ˜๏ธ
Answer
์‚ฌํšŒ ํ†ตํ•ฉ โ€” This should imply participation and belonging, not forced sameness.
9. ๋ฌธํ™”์  ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ๋จผ์ € ํƒ€์ธ์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์„ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
To understand cultural differences, one must first respect othersโ€™ backgrounds. ๐Ÿค
Answer
์กด์ค‘ โ€” ์กด์ค‘ํ•˜๋‹ค means to respect.
10. ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ •์ฑ… ๊ฒฐ์ • ๊ณผ์ •์— ๋ฐ˜์˜๋  ๋•Œ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด ๋†’์•„์ง„๋‹ค.
Inclusiveness increases when diverse voices are reflected in the policy-making process. ๐Ÿ—ณ๏ธ
Answer
ํฌ์šฉ์„ฑ โ€” This describes the quality or degree of being inclusive.
๐Ÿ“š
Vocabulary Box
  • ๋ฌธํ™” ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ โ†’ cultural diversity
  • ํฌ์šฉ์  โ†’ inclusive
  • ์ฐจ๋ณ„ ์ฒ ํ โ†’ elimination of discrimination
  • ๊ณต์กดํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to coexist
  • ์ƒํ˜ธ ์กด์ค‘ โ†’ mutual respect
  • ํŽธ๊ฒฌ โ†’ prejudice
  • ๊ณ ์ •๊ด€๋… โ†’ stereotype
  • ์‚ฌํšŒ ํ†ตํ•ฉ โ†’ social integration
  • ์กด์ค‘ํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to respect
  • ํฌ์šฉ์„ฑ โ†’ inclusiveness
Tip ๐Ÿ’ก Use ํฌ์šฉ์  before a noun, and ํฌ์šฉ์„ฑ for the quality itself.

๐Ÿš€
Want more reps? Keep going into the Practice Hub below when you're ready.
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๐Ÿ“ฆ
๐ŸŽฏ Practice Hub โ€” Cultural Diversity and Inclusion
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Welcome to your advanced vocabulary practice for Cultural Diversity and Inclusion. Youโ€™ll work with social-policy words for diversity, inclusion, discrimination, coexistence, and mutual respect โ€” basically the vocabulary of building a society where people do not have to shrink themselves to fit through the door. ๐Ÿšช๐ŸŒˆ
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๐Ÿ”Š Audio reminder: Use
Korean Helper Widgets
Korean Helper Widgets
whenever you want to hear a sentence before speaking it aloud.
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๐Ÿ“ Instructions: Fill in each blank with the best Korean word or phrase. Focus on nuance: whether the sentence asks for diversity, inclusion, discrimination, coexistence, awareness, or policy action.
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Exercise 1 โ€” Diversity, Inclusion, and Respect ๐ŸŒˆ

A. ๋„์‹œ๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ฌธํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด ๋šœ๋ ทํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ๋‹ค.
A city clearly shows cultural diversity because it is a space where many cultures meet. ๐Ÿ™๏ธ
Answer
๋ฌธํ™” ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ โ€” The sentence is about many cultures existing in one space.
B. ํ•™๊ต๋Š” ์ด์ฃผ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ ํ•™์ƒ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์„ ์กฐ์„ฑํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
Schools should create an inclusive environment for students with migrant backgrounds. ๐ŸŽ’
Answer
ํฌ์šฉ์  โ€” This modifies ํ™˜๊ฒฝ (environment), so ํฌ์šฉ์  is natural.
C. ์ •์ฑ…์˜ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์€ ์ทจ์•ฝํ•œ ์ง‘๋‹จ์˜ ์ฐธ์—ฌ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ๋†’์ธ๋‹ค.
The inclusiveness of a policy increases the possibility of participation for vulnerable groups. ๐Ÿงฉ
Answer
ํฌ์šฉ์„ฑ โ€” The sentence asks for the quality of being inclusive.
D. ์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ƒํ™œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์ธ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ํƒœ๋„๋Š” ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์˜ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ๊ฐ€ ๋œ๋‹ค.
An attitude that recognizes different ways of life becomes the basis of mutual respect. ๐Ÿค
Answer
์ƒํ˜ธ ์กด์ค‘ โ€” Respect must work both ways in a diverse society.
E. ์ง€์—ญ ์ถ•์ œ๋Š” ์ฃผ๋ฏผ๋“ค์ด ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณ„๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.
The local festival became an opportunity for residents to understand differences and experience coexistence. ๐ŸŽช
Answer
๊ณต์กด โ€” ๊ณต์กด means coexistence.
F. ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๋“ฃ๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์€ ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜์˜ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ ์ค€๋‹ค.
The process of listening to various opinions shows the plurality of democracy. ๐Ÿ—ณ๏ธ
Answer
๋‹ค์›์„ฑ โ€” More academic than ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ; useful for democracy and values.
G. ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ธฐ์ค€๋งŒ ๊ฐ•์š”ํ•˜๋ฉด ์‚ฌํšŒ์˜ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด ์•ฝํ•ด์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
If only one standard is forced, societyโ€™s diversity can weaken. ๐Ÿ“
Answer
๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ โ€” The sentence discusses variety in a broad sense.
H. ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ œ๋„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹œ๋ฏผ๋“ค์˜ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์„ ๋†’์ด๋ ค๋ฉด ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ์„ค๋ช…์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค.
Enough explanation is needed to increase citizensโ€™ receptiveness to the new system. ๐Ÿ“
Answer
์ˆ˜์šฉ์„ฑ โ€” This means acceptability or receptiveness, not necessarily inclusion.
I. ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ์ธ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌํšŒ๋Š” ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ์„ ์ค„์ด๊ณ  ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์„ ํ™•๋Œ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
A society that recognizes differences can reduce conflict and expand coexistence. ๐Ÿ•Š๏ธ
Answer
๊ณต์กด โ€” This highlights living together despite difference.
J. ๋ฌธํ™” ๊ฐ„ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋Š” ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์„ ์‹ค์ฒœํ•˜๋Š” ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด๋‹ค.
Intercultural dialogue is a concrete way to practice mutual respect. ๐Ÿ’ฌ
Answer
์ƒํ˜ธ ์กด์ค‘ โ€” Dialogue practices respect in both directions.
๐Ÿ“š
Vocabulary Box
  • ๋ฌธํ™” ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ โ†’ cultural diversity
  • ํฌ์šฉ์  โ†’ inclusive
  • ํฌ์šฉ์„ฑ โ†’ inclusiveness
  • ์ƒํ˜ธ ์กด์ค‘ โ†’ mutual respect
  • ๊ณต์กด โ†’ coexistence
  • ๋‹ค์›์„ฑ โ†’ plurality; pluralism
  • ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ โ†’ diversity
  • ์ˆ˜์šฉ์„ฑ โ†’ receptiveness; acceptability
  • ์ธ์ •ํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to recognize; acknowledge
  • ์‹ค์ฒœํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to practice; put into action
Tip ๐Ÿ’ก ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ describes variety; ํฌ์šฉ์„ฑ asks whether that variety can actually participate.
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Exercise 2 โ€” Discrimination, Bias, and Barriers โš–๏ธ

A. ์ฑ„์šฉ ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ์ถœ์‹  ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ด์œ ๋กœ ํ•œ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์€ ๊ธˆ์ง€๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
Discrimination based on country of origin in hiring should be prohibited. ๐Ÿงพ
Answer
์ฐจ๋ณ„ โ€” Unfair treatment based on background is ์ฐจ๋ณ„.
B. ๋ถ€๋‹นํ•œ ๊ด€ํ–‰์„ ์—†์• ๋Š” ์ •์ฑ… ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋Š” ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด๋‹ค.
The policy goal of removing unfair practices is eliminating discrimination. ๐Ÿ›๏ธ
Answer
์ฐจ๋ณ„ ์ฒ ํ โ€” A strong policy phrase for abolishing discrimination.
C. ์„ฑ๋ณ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ž„๊ธˆ ๊ฒฉ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์ค„์ด๋ ค๋ฉด ๊ตฌ์กฐ์  ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋ฅผ ํ•ด์†Œํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
To reduce wage gaps by gender, structural discrimination must be resolved. ๐Ÿ’ผ
Answer
์ฐจ๋ณ„ โ€” The adjective ๊ตฌ์กฐ์  points to discrimination built into systems.
D. ํ™•์ธ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์€ ํŠน์ • ์ง‘๋‹จ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ˜์˜ค๋กœ ์ด์–ด์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
Unverified prejudice can lead to hatred toward a particular group. ๐Ÿ”ฅ
Answer
ํŽธ๊ฒฌ โ€” ํŽธ๊ฒฌ is prejudice.
E. โ€œ๋ชจ๋“  ๋…ธ์ธ์€ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์‹ซ์–ดํ•œ๋‹คโ€๋ผ๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ์€ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์— ๊ฐ€๊น๋‹ค.
The idea โ€œall older people dislike changeโ€ is close to a stereotype. ๐Ÿง“
Answer
๊ณ ์ •๊ด€๋… โ€” A rigid generalization about a group is a stereotype.
F. ์žฅ์• ์ธ์˜ ์ด๋™๊ถŒ์„ ๋ณด์žฅํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์  ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์„ ๋‚ฎ์ถฐ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
To guarantee mobility rights for people with disabilities, physical barriers must be lowered. โ™ฟ
Answer
์žฅ๋ฒฝ โ€” ์žฅ๋ฒฝ means barrier.
G. ์–ธ์–ด ์ง€์›์ด ๋ถ€์กฑํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด์ฃผ๋ฏผ์€ ํ–‰์ • ์„œ๋น„์Šค์—์„œ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
If language support is insufficient, migrants can be excluded from administrative services. ๐Ÿ—‚๏ธ
Answer
๋ฐฐ์ œ โ€” ๋ฐฐ์ œ๋˜๋‹ค means to be excluded.
H. ์ฐจ๋ณ„์„ ์ค„์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋ฒ•๊ณผ ์ œ๋„์˜ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค.
To reduce discrimination, improvement of laws and systems is necessary. ๐Ÿ› ๏ธ
Answer
๊ฐœ์„  โ€” ๊ฐœ์„  means improvement.
I. ์†Œ์ˆ˜์ž์˜ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์€ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ๊นŠ๋‹ค.
Protecting minority rights is closely related to social justice. โš–๏ธ
Answer
์ •์˜ โ€” ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์ •์˜ means social justice.
J. ์ฐจ๋ณ„์  ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์ค„์ด๋ ค๋ฉด ์–ธ์–ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ๊ฐœ์„ ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค.
To reduce discriminatory expressions, improvement in awareness about language use is necessary. ๐Ÿ—ฃ๏ธ
Answer
์ธ์‹ โ€” ์ธ์‹ ๊ฐœ์„  means improvement in awareness.
๐Ÿ“š
Vocabulary Box
  • ์ฐจ๋ณ„ โ†’ discrimination
  • ์ฐจ๋ณ„ ์ฒ ํ โ†’ elimination of discrimination
  • ๊ตฌ์กฐ์  โ†’ structural
  • ํŽธ๊ฒฌ โ†’ prejudice
  • ๊ณ ์ •๊ด€๋… โ†’ stereotype
  • ์žฅ๋ฒฝ โ†’ barrier
  • ๋ฐฐ์ œ๋˜๋‹ค โ†’ to be excluded
  • ๊ฐœ์„  โ†’ improvement
  • ์ •์˜ โ†’ justice
  • ์ธ์‹ โ†’ awareness; perception
Tip ๐Ÿ’ก ํŽธ๊ฒฌ lives in thought, ์ฐจ๋ณ„ appears in treatment, and ์žฅ๋ฒฝ prevents access.
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Exercise 3 โ€” Social Integration Without Forced Sameness ๐Ÿงฉ

A. ์ง„์ •ํ•œ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์€ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ์ง€์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ฐธ์—ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
True social integration is not erasing differences but guaranteeing participation. ๐Ÿงฉ
Answer
์‚ฌํšŒ ํ†ตํ•ฉ โ€” Pitfall alert: integration should not mean forced sameness.
B. ์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ง‘๋‹จ์ด ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ด์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•œ๋‹ค.
A state in which different groups live together safely is called coexistence. ๐Ÿ•Š๏ธ
Answer
๊ณต์กด โ€” ๊ณต์กด means coexistence.
C. ์ง€์—ญ ์‚ฌํšŒ๋Š” ์ด์ฃผ๋ฏผ์˜ ์ •์ฐฉ์„ ๋•๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ƒ๋‹ด ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์„ ํ™•๋Œ€ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
The local community expanded counseling support to help migrants settle. ๐Ÿ˜๏ธ
Answer
์ง€์› โ€” ์ƒ๋‹ด ์ง€์› means counseling support.
D. ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ฃผ๋ฏผ์ด ์˜์‚ฌ ๊ฒฐ์ •์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ณต๋™์ฒด์˜ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด ๋†’์•„์ง„๋‹ค.
When diverse residents participate in decision-making, the communityโ€™s inclusiveness increases. ๐Ÿ—ณ๏ธ
Answer
ํฌ์šฉ์„ฑ โ€” Participation is a key sign of inclusiveness.
E. ๋ฌธํ™” ๊ฐ„ ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ์„ ์ค„์ด๋ ค๋ฉด ๊พธ์ค€ํ•œ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค.
Steady dialogue is needed to reduce intercultural conflict. ๐Ÿ’ฌ
Answer
๋Œ€ํ™” โ€” ๋Œ€ํ™” means dialogue.
F. ๊ณต๊ณต ์„œ๋น„์Šค ์ ‘๊ทผ์„ฑ์„ ๋†’์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ‰๋“ฑํ•œ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์ด๋‹ค.
Increasing access to public services guarantees equal opportunity. ๐Ÿšช
Answer
๊ธฐํšŒ โ€” ํ‰๋“ฑํ•œ ๊ธฐํšŒ means equal opportunity.
G. ์„œ๋กœ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์€ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์„ ์ค„์ด๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋œ๋‹ค.
The process of learning one anotherโ€™s differences helps reduce social conflict. ๐Ÿงฏ
Answer
๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ โ€” ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ means conflict.
H. ํฌ์šฉ์  ๊ต์œก์€ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์˜ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ํ˜•์„ฑ์— ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ค€๋‹ค.
Inclusive education has a positive effect on studentsโ€™ identity formation. ๐Ÿชช
Answer
์ •์ฒด์„ฑ โ€” ์ •์ฒด์„ฑ means identity.
I. ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฌธํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ์ผ์€ ํŽธ๊ฒฌ์„ ์ค„์ด๊ณ  ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์„ ๋„“ํžŒ๋‹ค.
Learning another culture reduces prejudice and broadens understanding. ๐Ÿ”
Answer
์ดํ•ด โ€” ์ดํ•ด๋ฅผ ๋„“ํžˆ๋‹ค means to broaden understanding.
J. ์ƒ์ƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ๊ณต์กด์„ ๋„˜์–ด ์„œ๋กœ์—๊ฒŒ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋œปํ•œ๋‹ค.
Mutual benefit means a relationship that goes beyond simple coexistence and benefits one another. ๐ŸŒฟ
Answer
์ด์ต โ€” ์ƒ์ƒ emphasizes mutual benefit or shared prosperity.
๐Ÿ“š
Vocabulary Box
  • ์‚ฌํšŒ ํ†ตํ•ฉ โ†’ social integration
  • ๊ณต์กด โ†’ coexistence
  • ์ง€์› โ†’ support
  • ํฌ์šฉ์„ฑ โ†’ inclusiveness
  • ๋Œ€ํ™” โ†’ dialogue
  • ๊ธฐํšŒ โ†’ opportunity
  • ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ โ†’ conflict
  • ์ •์ฒด์„ฑ โ†’ identity
  • ์ดํ•ด โ†’ understanding
  • ์ด์ต โ†’ benefit; profit
Tip ๐Ÿ’ก Inclusive ์‚ฌํšŒ ํ†ตํ•ฉ means participation plus belonging, not sameness.
ย 

Exercise 4 โ€” Policy Actions and Academic Verbs ๐Ÿ› ๏ธ

A. ์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ์ด์ฃผ๋ฏผ์˜ ์˜๋ฃŒ ์ ‘๊ทผ์„ฑ์„ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋Œ€์ฑ…์„ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
The government announced measures to guarantee migrantsโ€™ access to medical care. ๐Ÿฅ
Answer
๋ณด์žฅ โ€” ๋ณด์žฅํ•˜๋‹ค means to guarantee.
B. ๊ต์œก์ฒญ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™” ์ดํ•ด ๊ต์œก์„ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
The education office decided to strengthen multicultural understanding education. ๐Ÿซ
Answer
๊ฐ•ํ™” โ€” ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•˜๋‹ค means to strengthen.
C. ์‹œ๋ฏผ ๋‹จ์ฒด๋Š” ํ˜์˜ค ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์ค„์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์บ ํŽ˜์ธ์„ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
The civic group launched a campaign to reduce hate speech. ๐Ÿ“ข
Answer
์ „๊ฐœ โ€” ์บ ํŽ˜์ธ์„ ์ „๊ฐœํ•˜๋‹ค means to carry out or launch a campaign.
D. ์ƒˆ ์กฐ๋ก€๋Š” ์™ธ๊ตญ์ธ ์ฃผ๋ฏผ์˜ ํ–‰์ • ์ฐธ์—ฌ๋ฅผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋ชฉ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค.
The new ordinance aims to promote administrative participation by foreign residents. ๐Ÿงพ
Answer
์ด‰์ง„ โ€” ์ด‰์ง„ํ•˜๋‹ค means to promote/facilitate.
E. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๋Š” ์ฐจ๋ณ„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ด ์‚ถ์˜ ๋งŒ์กฑ๋„์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
The researcher analyzed the effect of discrimination experiences on life satisfaction. ๐Ÿ“Š
Answer
๋ถ„์„ โ€” ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๋‹ค means to analyze.
F. ํ•™๊ต๋Š” ํ•™์ƒ ๊ฐ„ ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ์„ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ค‘์žฌ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ๋„์ž…ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
The school introduced a mediation program to resolve conflict among students. ๐Ÿงฏ
Answer
ํ•ด์†Œ โ€” ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ์„ ํ•ด์†Œํ•˜๋‹ค means to resolve conflict.
G. ์œ„์›ํšŒ๋Š” ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์•ฝ์ž์˜ ๊ถŒ์ต์„ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ๋…ผ์˜ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
The committee discussed ways to protect the rights and interests of socially vulnerable people. ๐Ÿ›ก๏ธ
Answer
๋ณดํ˜ธ โ€” ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๋‹ค means to protect.
H. ๋ฌธํ™” ๊ต๋ฅ˜ ํ–‰์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ฃผ๋ฏผ ๊ฐ„ ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋ฅผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ•˜๋Š” ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
Cultural exchange events have the effect of forming trust among residents. ๐Ÿค
Answer
ํ˜•์„ฑ โ€” ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋ฅผ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๋‹ค means to form/build trust.
I. ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋Š” ์†Œ์ˆ˜์ž์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ถ€์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
The expert said inaccurate information about minorities should be corrected. ๐Ÿงน
Answer
์‹œ์ • โ€” ์‹œ์ •ํ•˜๋‹ค means to correct or rectify.
J. ๊ตญํšŒ๋Š” ์ฐจ๋ณ„์  ์ œ๋„๋ฅผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฒ•์•ˆ์„ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
The National Assembly reviewed a bill abolishing discriminatory systems. ๐Ÿ“œ
Answer
์ฒ ํ โ€” ์ฒ ํํ•˜๋‹ค is strong: to abolish or eliminate.
๐Ÿ“š
Vocabulary Box
  • ๋ณด์žฅํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to guarantee
  • ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to strengthen
  • ์ „๊ฐœํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to carry out; launch
  • ์ด‰์ง„ํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to promote; facilitate
  • ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to analyze
  • ํ•ด์†Œํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to resolve; relieve
  • ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to protect
  • ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to form; build
  • ์‹œ์ •ํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to correct; rectify
  • ์ฒ ํํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to abolish; eliminate
Tip ๐Ÿ’ก Policy Korean loves noun-action pairs: ์ฐธ์—ฌ๋ฅผ ์ด‰์ง„ํ•˜๋‹ค, ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ์„ ํ•ด์†Œํ•˜๋‹ค, ์ œ๋„๋ฅผ ์ฒ ํํ•˜๋‹ค.
ย 

Exercise 5 โ€” Mixed Mastery + Pitfall Patrol ๐Ÿ›ก๏ธ

A. ํ•œ ์‚ฌํšŒ์— ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์–ธ์–ด์™€ ๊ด€์Šต์ด ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜„์ƒ์€ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด๋‹ค.
The phenomenon of multiple languages and customs existing in one society is cultural diversity. ๐Ÿ—ฃ๏ธ
Answer
๋ฌธํ™” ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ โ€” Diversity describes difference; it does not automatically guarantee harmony.
B. ์ •์ฑ…์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ์‹œ๋ฏผ์˜ ์ฐธ์—ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค ๋•Œ ๊ทธ ์ •์ฑ…์€ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
When a policy makes participation possible for all citizens, it can be called inclusive. ๐Ÿ—ณ๏ธ
Answer
ํฌ์šฉ์  โ€” โŒ Not just โ€œnice.โ€ โœ… ํฌ์šฉ์  means participation is structurally possible.
C. ๋ถ€๋‹นํ•œ ์ œ๋„์™€ ๊ด€ํ–‰์„ ์—†์• ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ์ด๋‹ค.
Removing unfair systems and practices is the core of eliminating discrimination. โš–๏ธ
Answer
์ฐจ๋ณ„ ์ฒ ํ โ€” โŒ Not only personal kindness. โœ… It can target laws, practices, and institutions.
D. ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฌธํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์ฃผ๋ฏผ๋“ค์ด ์„œ๋กœ์˜ ์ƒํ™œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์ธ์ •ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์‚ด์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋ชจ์Šต์€ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด๋‹ค.
Residents with different cultures living while recognizing one anotherโ€™s ways of life is coexistence. ๐Ÿ˜๏ธ
Answer
๊ณต์กด โ€” ๊ณต์กด is living together; stronger when supported by respect.
E. ํ†ตํ•ฉ์„ ์ด์œ ๋กœ ์†Œ์ˆ˜์ž์˜ ์–ธ์–ด์™€ ๋ฌธํ™”๋ฅผ ์ง€์šฐ๋ ค๋Š” ํƒœ๋„๋Š” ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค.
An attitude that erases minority languages and cultures in the name of integration is not inclusive. ๐Ÿงน
Answer
ํฌ์šฉ์  โ€” โŒ ์‚ฌํšŒ ํ†ตํ•ฉ should not mean forced sameness. โœ… Inclusion keeps participation and difference together.
F. ํŠน์ • ์ง‘๋‹จ์„ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋กœ๋งŒ ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•œ๋‹ค.
Judging a group only through a simplified image counts as a stereotype. ๐Ÿ–ผ๏ธ
Answer
๊ณ ์ •๊ด€๋… โ€” A fixed image about a group is a stereotype.
G. ์†Œ์ˆ˜์ž๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์ ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์‚ฌํšŒ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ง‘๋‹จ์„ ๋œปํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
A minority can mean not merely people who are few in number, but a group that can be socially marginalized. ๐Ÿ”Ž
Answer
๋ฐฐ์ œ โ€” Pitfall check: ์†Œ์ˆ˜์ž often points to marginalization, not just numbers.
H. ๋ฌธํ™” ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ์ธ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ณด์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ํƒœ๋„๋Š” ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์— ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ํ•œ๋‹ค.
An attitude that recognizes cultural differences and guarantees rights together is based on mutual respect. ๐Ÿคฒ
Answer
์ƒํ˜ธ ์กด์ค‘ โ€” Mutual respect connects recognition with equal dignity.
I. ์„œ๋กœ์—๊ฒŒ ์ด์ต์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•  ๋•Œ๋Š” ๊ณต์กด๋ณด๋‹ค ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด ๋” ์ ์ ˆํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
When emphasizing a relationship that benefits both sides, mutual benefit may be more appropriate than coexistence. ๐ŸŒฟ
Answer
์ƒ์ƒ โ€” ์ƒ์ƒ means mutual benefit/shared prosperity, not just living side by side.
J. ์ฐจ๋ณ„์„ ์ค„์ด๋Š” ์ฒซ๊ฑธ์Œ์€ ์ข…์ข… ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ๊ฐœ์„ ์—์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘๋œ๋‹ค.
The first step in reducing discrimination often begins with improving social awareness. ๐Ÿง 
Answer
์ธ์‹ โ€” ์ธ์‹ ๊ฐœ์„  is a common phrase for awareness improvement.
๐Ÿ“š
Vocabulary Box
  • ๋ฌธํ™” ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ โ†’ cultural diversity
  • ํฌ์šฉ์  โ†’ inclusive
  • ์ฐจ๋ณ„ ์ฒ ํ โ†’ elimination of discrimination
  • ๊ณต์กด โ†’ coexistence
  • ์‚ฌํšŒ ํ†ตํ•ฉ โ†’ social integration
  • ๊ณ ์ •๊ด€๋… โ†’ stereotype
  • ๋ฐฐ์ œ๋˜๋‹ค โ†’ to be excluded
  • ์ƒํ˜ธ ์กด์ค‘ โ†’ mutual respect
  • ์ƒ์ƒ โ†’ mutual benefit; shared prosperity
  • ์ธ์‹ โ†’ awareness; perception
Tip ๐Ÿ’ก Final patrol: diversity is presence, inclusion is participation, and justice requires removing unfair barriers.
ย 
๐ŸŽ‰ Great work โ€” you can now discuss cultural diversity and inclusion with nuance, not just warm slogans. That is vocabulary with a backbone and a welcome mat. ๐ŸŒˆ