TL;DR ๐ฆ
- ๐ ๋ฌธํ ๋ค์์ฑ means cultural diversity: different languages, customs, identities, and life experiences existing together in one society.
- ๐ค ํฌ์ฉ์ฑ means inclusion: not just โallowing difference,โ but making systems welcoming and usable for different people.
- โ๏ธ ์ฐจ๋ณ ์ฒ ํ and ๊ณต์กด point to the bigger goal: removing discriminatory barriers so groups can live together with dignity.
๐ง Iru Helper Note โ Open Korean Helper Widgets whenever you want to hear a word or sentence aloud. Try phrases like ๋ฌธํ ๋ค์์ฑ, ํฌ์ฉ์ฑ, and ๊ณต์กด to make these advanced terms feel less like policy fog and more like usable Korean. ๐ง
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๐ The Big Picture
In advanced Korean writing, diversity and inclusion are not only feel-good slogans. They are often discussed as social conditions, institutional responsibilities, and policy goals. The key phrase ๋ฌธํ ๋ค์์ฑ (cultural diversity) refers to the coexistence of different cultural backgrounds, values, languages, customs, and identities. ๐
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The word ํฌ์ฉ์ฑ (inclusion/inclusiveness) goes one step further. A society can contain many cultures but still exclude people in practice. ํฌ์ฉ์ฑ asks whether institutions, language, education, workplaces, and public services actually make room for different people to participate. ๐๏ธ
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The phrase ์ฐจ๋ณ ์ฒ ํ (elimination of discrimination) sounds formal because it is formal. It appears naturally in policy, human-rights, labor, education, and social integration contexts. The final goal is ๊ณต์กด (coexistence): living together without forcing everyone into the same mold. A society is not a smoothie; texture matters. ๐ฅญ
๐จ The Core Cultural Inclusion Family
- ๋ฌธํ ๋ค์์ฑ = cultural diversity; used when describing the presence and value of varied cultural backgrounds.
- ํฌ์ฉ์ฑ = inclusion or inclusiveness; used when discussing whether a group, system, or policy welcomes and accommodates difference.
- ์ฐจ๋ณ ์ฒ ํ = elimination/abolition of discrimination; a formal phrase used in rights-based and policy writing.
- ๊ณต์กด = coexistence; often paired with ์ํธ ์กด์ค (mutual respect), ์ฌํ ํตํฉ (social integration), and ๊ฐ๋ฑ ์ํ (conflict mitigation).
- ์์์ = minority or marginalized person/group, depending on context. Use carefully: it is about social position, not simply a small number.
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Common advanced pairings:
- ๋ค์์ฑ์ ์กด์คํ๋ค โ to respect diversity
- ํฌ์ฉ์ฑ์ ๊ฐํํ๋ค โ to strengthen inclusion
- ์ฐจ๋ณ์ ์ฒ ํํ๋ค โ to eliminate discrimination
- ๊ณต์กด์ ๋ชจ์ํ๋ค โ to seek coexistence
- ํธ๊ฒฌ์ ํด์ํ๋ค โ to resolve/reduce prejudice
๐ ๏ธ How They Work in a Sentence
- ๋ฌธํ ๋ค์์ฑ์ ์กด์คํ๋ ์ฌํ๋ ์๋ก ๋ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์ ๊ฐ์ง ์ฌ๋๋ค์ ๋ชฉ์๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ค์ผ๋ ค ํ๋ค.
(A society that respects cultural diversity tries to listen to the voices of people with different backgrounds.) ๐ฅ
๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ means background; ๋ชฉ์๋ฆฌ means voice, both literal and metaphorical.
- ํฌ์ฉ์ฑ์ ๊ฐํํ๋ ค๋ฉด ์ ๋์ ์ธ์ด ์ฌ์ฉ์ ํจ๊ป ์ ๊ฒํด์ผ ํ๋ค.
(To strengthen inclusion, institutions and language use must be reviewed together.) ๐งพ
๊ฐํํ๋ค means to strengthen; ์ ๊ฒํ๋ค means to inspect or review.
- ์ฐจ๋ณ ์ฒ ํ๋ ๋จ์ํ ๊ตฌํธ๊ฐ ์๋๋ผ ๊ณต์กด์ ์ํ ์ฌํ์ ๊ณผ์ ์ด๋ค.
(Eliminating discrimination is not a simple slogan but a social task for coexistence.) โ๏ธ
๊ตฌํธ means slogan; ์ฌํ์ ๊ณผ์ means social task.
๐งฉ General Formation Rule
Use these nouns with formal action verbs:
- N์/๋ฅผ ์กด์คํ๋ค โ to respect N: ๋ค์์ฑ์ ์กด์คํ๋ค (to respect diversity), ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ์กด์คํ๋ค (to respect differences)
- N์/๋ฅผ ๊ฐํํ๋ค โ to strengthen N: ํฌ์ฉ์ฑ์ ๊ฐํํ๋ค (to strengthen inclusion), ์ฌํ ํตํฉ์ ๊ฐํํ๋ค (to strengthen social integration)
- N์/๋ฅผ ์ฒ ํํ๋ค โ to abolish/eliminate N: ์ฐจ๋ณ์ ์ฒ ํํ๋ค (to eliminate discrimination), ๋ถํ๋ฑํ ๊ดํ์ ์ฒ ํํ๋ค (to abolish unequal practices)
- N์/๋ฅผ ๋ชจ์ํ๋ค โ to seek/explore N: ๊ณต์กด์ ๋ชจ์ํ๋ค (to seek coexistence), ํด๊ฒฐ์ฑ ์ ๋ชจ์ํ๋ค (to seek a solution)
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This lesson is advanced vocabulary, so the main skill is choosing the right formal noun-verb combination and reading policy-style sentences smoothly. โ๏ธ
๐ Cross-check note
The vocabulary and usage patterns were cross-checked against National Institute of Korean Language resources, including korean.go.kr, where public-language and social-integration materials use terms such as diversity, inclusion, discrimination, and coexistence in formal policy contexts. โ
๐ช Synonym Alert
- ๋ค์์ฑ โ diversity; broad and neutral.
- ๋ค์์ฑ โ pluralism/plurality; more academic, often used for values, systems, and viewpoints.
- ํฌ์ฉ์ฑ โ inclusion/inclusiveness; focuses on welcoming participation.
- ์์ฉ์ฑ โ acceptability/receptiveness; focuses more on willingness to accept something.
- ๊ณต์กด โ coexistence; living together while differences remain.
- ํํฉ โ harmony; warmer and more emotional, sometimes used in speeches or civic messaging.
โ ๏ธ Pitfalls to Dodge
- โ ๋ค์์ฑ = random variety only โ โ In social writing, ๋ค์์ฑ often means meaningful human, cultural, or social difference. ๐
- โ ํฌ์ฉ์ฑ = just tolerance โ โ ํฌ์ฉ์ฑ implies active inclusion, access, and participation. ๐ค
- โ ์ฒ ํํ๋ค used for tiny habits โ โ ์ฒ ํํ๋ค is formal and strong; use it for discrimination, systems, barriers, or harmful practices. โ๏ธ
- โ ๊ณต์กด = everyone becomes the same โ โ ๊ณต์กด means living together while difference remains visible and respected. ๐งฉ
- โ ์์์ used casually for โa few peopleโ โ โ In social contexts, it often means marginalized groups, so use it with care. ๐ก๏ธ
You now have the vocabulary to discuss cultural diversity without turning everyone into decorative confetti. Difference stays real, systems get fairer, and Korean gets sharper. ๐โ๏ธ
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Try this exercise
Practice choosing the most natural term for each formal sentence. Fill the blank, read the completed sentence aloud, then open the Answer toggle to check the nuance.
1. ๋ค๋ฌธํ ์ฌํ์์๋ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ์กด์คํ๋ ํ๋๊ฐ ํ์ํ๋ค.
In a multicultural society, an attitude that respects cultural diversity is necessary. ๐
Answer
๋ฌธํ ๋ค์์ฑ โ The sentence refers to valuing different cultural backgrounds.
2. ํ๊ต๋ ๋ชจ๋ ํ์์ด ์ฐธ์ฌํ ์ ์๋๋ก ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ๊ฐํํด์ผ ํ๋ค.
Schools must strengthen inclusion so that all students can participate. ๐ซ
Answer
ํฌ์ฉ์ฑ โ Participation and access point to inclusion.
3. ์ธ๊ถ ์ ์ฑ
์ ํต์ฌ ๋ชฉํ ์ค ํ๋๋ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด๋ค.
One of the core goals of human-rights policy is eliminating discrimination. โ๏ธ
Answer
์ฐจ๋ณ ์ฒ ํ โ This formal rights-policy phrase means eliminating discrimination.
4. ์๋ก ๋ค๋ฅธ ์ง๋จ์ด ํํ๋กญ๊ฒ ์ด์๊ฐ๋ ์ํ๋ฅผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด๋ผ๊ณ ํ๋ค.
The state in which different groups live together peacefully is called coexistence. ๐๏ธ
Answer
๊ณต์กด โ ๊ณต์กด means coexistence.
5. ์ฌํ๋ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ๋ํ ํธ๊ฒฌ์ ์ค์ด๊ธฐ ์ํด ๊ต์ก์ ํ๋ํ๋ค.
Society expanded education to reduce prejudice against minorities/marginalized groups. ๐ก๏ธ
Answer
์์์ โ In social contexts, ์์์ refers to minority or marginalized groups.
6. ๊ณต๊ณต ๊ธฐ๊ด์ ๋ค์ํ ์ธ์ด ์ฌ์ฉ์์ ์๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํด์ผ ํ๋ค.
Public institutions must reflect the needs of diverse language users. ๐ฃ๏ธ
Answer
๋ฐ์ โ ์๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ์ํ๋ค means to reflect needs.
7. ์ด ์ ๋๋ ์ด์ฃผ๋ฏผ์ ์ฌํ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ๋๊ธฐ ์ํด ๋ง๋ จ๋์๋ค.
This system was prepared to help immigrantsโ social integration. ๐งณ
Answer
ํตํฉ โ ์ฌํ ํตํฉ means social integration.
8. ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ์ธ์ ํ๋ ํ๋๋ ๊ฐ๋ฑ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ๋์์ด ๋๋ค.
An attitude that recognizes differences helps mitigate conflict. ๐ค
Answer
์ํ โ ๊ฐ๋ฑ ์ํ means conflict mitigation.
9. ๋ฌธํ์ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์ด ๋ค๋ฅด๋ค๋ ์ด์ ๋ก ๋ถ์ด์ต์ ์ฃผ๋ ๊ฒ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด๋ค.
Giving disadvantage because of a different cultural background is discrimination. ๐จ
Answer
์ฐจ๋ณ โ Unfair disadvantage based on background is discrimination.
10. ์ ์ฑ
์ ๋จ์ํ ๋ํ๋ณด๋ค ์ํธ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ๋ชฉํ๋ก ํด์ผ ํ๋ค.
Policy should aim for mutual respect rather than simple assimilation. ๐ฑ
Answer
์กด์ค โ ์ํธ ์กด์ค means mutual respect.
Vocabulary Box
- ๋ฌธํ ๋ค์์ฑ โ cultural diversity
- ํฌ์ฉ์ฑ โ inclusion/inclusiveness
- ์ฐจ๋ณ ์ฒ ํ โ elimination of discrimination
- ๊ณต์กด โ coexistence
- ์์์ โ minority/marginalized group
- ๋ฐ์ํ๋ค โ to reflect
- ์ฌํ ํตํฉ โ social integration
- ๊ฐ๋ฑ ์ํ โ conflict mitigation
- ์ฐจ๋ณ โ discrimination
- ์ํธ ์กด์ค โ mutual respect
Tip ๐ก Look for the policy goal: respect diversity, strengthen inclusion, eliminate discrimination, seek coexistence.
Want more reps? Step into the Practice Hub when you're ready to make these society-and-policy terms click. ๐
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๐ฏ Practice Hub โ Cultural Diversity and Inclusion
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Welcome to your cultural diversity and inclusion workout. Youโll practice advanced Korean vocabulary for social difference, inclusive institutions, discrimination removal, coexistence, and mutual respect โ the vocabulary of building a bigger table instead of arguing over who gets a chair. ๐ช๐
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๐ Audio reminder: Use Korean Helper Widgets whenever you want to hear a sentence aloud.
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๐ Instructions: Fill each blank with the most natural Korean term or form. Pay attention to formal noun-verb pairings, then open the Answer toggle to check the nuance.
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Exercise 1 โ Diversity Concepts ๐
A. ์ง์ญ ์ถ์ ๋ ์ฌ๋ฌ ๊ณต๋์ฒด์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ๋ณด์ฌ ์ฃผ๋ ์ฅ์ด ๋์๋ค.
The local festival became a space showing the cultural diversity of several communities. ๐ช
Answer
๋ฌธํ ๋ค์์ฑ โ The sentence highlights multiple communitiesโ cultural presence.
B. ์ฌ๋ฌ ๊ฐ์น๊ด์ด ํจ๊ป ์กด์ฌํ๋ ์ฌํ๋ฅผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ์ฌํ๋ผ๊ณ ๋ถ๋ฅผ ์ ์๋ค.
A society where multiple value systems exist together can be called a pluralistic society. ๐ง
Answer
๋ค์์ โ ๋ค์์ ์ฌํ means a pluralistic society.
C. ๋ค๋ฅธ ์ํ ๋ฐฉ์์ ์ธ์ ํ๋ ํ๋๋ ๋ค์์ฑ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ์ถ๋ฐ์ ์ด๋ค.
An attitude that recognizes different lifestyles is the starting point of respecting diversity. ๐ก
Answer
์กด์ค โ ๋ค์์ฑ ์กด์ค means respect for diversity.
D. ์ธ์ด์ ๊ด์ต์ ์ฐจ์ด๋ ์ฌํ๋ฅผ ๋ ํ๋ถํ๊ฒ ๋ง๋๋ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด ๋ ์ ์๋ค.
Differences in language and customs can become resources that make society richer. ๐ฃ๏ธ
Answer
์์ โ Here difference is framed as a social resource.
E. ๋ฌธํ์ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ์ํ์ผ๋ก๋ง ๋ณด๋ ์๊ฐ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ํค์ธ ์ ์๋ค.
A view that sees cultural difference only as a threat can increase prejudice. ๐
Answer
ํธ๊ฒฌ โ Threat-focused thinking often produces prejudice.
F. ๋ค์ํ ์ ์ฒด์ฑ์ด ์กด์ค๋ ๋ ๊ฐ์ธ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋ ๋ณดํธ๋๋ค.
When diverse identities are respected, individual dignity is also protected. ๐ก๏ธ
Answer
์กด์์ฑ โ ์กด์์ฑ means dignity.
G. ํ ์ฌํ์ ๊ตฌ์ฑ์์ ์๋ก ๋ค๋ฅธ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ๊ฐ์ง ์ ์๋ค.
Members of one society can have different backgrounds. ๐ฅ
Answer
๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ โ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ means background.
H. ๋ฌธํ ๋ค์์ฑ์ ๋จ์ํ ์ฅ์์ด ์๋๋ผ ์ฌํ ๋ฐ์ ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด๋ค.
Cultural diversity is not a mere decoration but a basis for social development. ๐งฑ
Answer
ํ ๋ โ ํ ๋ means foundation/basis.
I. ์๋ก์ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์ฐ๋ ๊ณผ์ ์ ๊ณต๋์ฒด์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋ฅผ ๋ํ๋ค.
The process of learning each otherโs differences broadens the communityโs perspective. ๐ญ
Answer
์์ผ โ ์์ผ๋ฅผ ๋ํ๋ค means to broaden perspective.
J. ๋ค์์ฑ์ ์ธ์ ํ์ง ์๋ ํ๋๋ ์ฌํ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ์ฌํ์ํฌ ์ ์๋ค.
An attitude that does not recognize diversity can deepen social conflict. โก
Answer
๊ฐ๋ฑ โ Lack of recognition can deepen conflict.
Vocabulary Box
- ์ง์ญ ์ถ์ โ local festival
- ๊ณต๋์ฒด โ community
- ๋ฌธํ ๋ค์์ฑ โ cultural diversity
- ๋ค์์ ์ฌํ โ pluralistic society
- ๋ค์์ฑ ์กด์ค โ respect for diversity
- ์์ โ resource
- ํธ๊ฒฌ โ prejudice
- ์กด์์ฑ โ dignity
- ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ โ background
- ํ ๋ โ foundation
- ์์ผ โ perspective/view
- ๊ฐ๋ฑ โ conflict
Tip ๐ก Diversity language often frames difference as a resource, foundation, or perspective โ not a problem to erase.
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Exercise 2 โ Inclusion and Participation ๐ค
A. ํ์ ์๋ฃ๋ฅผ ์ฌ์ด ์ธ์ด๋ก ์ ๊ณตํ๋ฉด ์ฐธ์ฌ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด ๋์์ง๋ค.
If meeting materials are provided in easy language, accessibility of participation increases. ๐
Answer
์ ๊ทผ์ฑ โ ์ ๊ทผ์ฑ means accessibility.
B. ํฌ์ฉ์ ์ธ ์กฐ์ง์ ๊ตฌ์ฑ์์ ์๊ฒฌ์ ์์ฌ ๊ฒฐ์ ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ๋ค.
An inclusive organization reflects membersโ opinions in decision-making. ๐ข
Answer
๋ฐ์ โ ์๊ฒฌ์ ๋ฐ์ํ๋ค means to reflect opinions.
C. ํ๊ต๋ ์ด์ฃผ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ ํ์์ ์ํ ์ง์ ์ฒด๊ณ๋ฅผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ๋ค.
The school strengthened its support system for students with immigrant backgrounds. ๐ซ
Answer
๊ฐํ โ ์ง์ ์ฒด๊ณ๋ฅผ ๊ฐํํ๋ค means to strengthen a support system.
D. ํฌ์ฉ์ฑ์ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ์ฐธ๊ณ ๊ฒฌ๋๋ ๊ฒ์ด ์๋๋ผ ์ฐธ์ฌ๋ฅผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ๋ ๊ฒ์ด๋ค.
Inclusion is not merely enduring difference; it is guaranteeing participation. ๐ซ
Answer
๋ณด์ฅ โ ์ฐธ์ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ฅํ๋ค means to guarantee participation.
E. ์ฅ๋ฒฝ์ ๋ฎ์ถ๋ ์ ์ฑ
์ ์ฌํ์ ์ฝ์์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ๋ํ๋ค.
Policies that lower barriers expand opportunities for socially vulnerable people. ๐ช
Answer
๊ธฐํ โ Lowering barriers expands opportunity.
F. ๊ณต๊ณต ์๋น์ค๋ ๋ค์ํ ์ฌ์ฉ์์ ํ์์ ๋ง๊ฒ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋์ด์ผ ํ๋ค.
Public services must be improved according to the needs of diverse users. ๐งฐ
Answer
๊ฐ์ โ ๊ฐ์ ๋๋ค means to be improved.
G. ํฌ์ฉ์ ์ธ ์ธ์ด ์ฌ์ฉ์ ๋ฐฐ์ ๊ฐ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋ ๋ฐ ๋์์ด ๋๋ค.
Inclusive language use helps reduce feelings of exclusion. ๐ฃ๏ธ
Answer
์ค์ด โ ์ค์ด๋ completes the sentence; the base verb is ์ค์ด๋ค.
H. ๋ชจ๋ ๊ตฌ์ฑ์์ด ๋ฐ์ธํ ์ ์๋ ํ๊ฒฝ์ ์กฐ์ง์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ๋์ธ๋ค.
An environment where all members can speak raises organizational inclusiveness. ๐จ๏ธ
Answer
ํฌ์ฉ์ฑ โ The sentence describes institutional inclusion.
I. ๋ํ์ฑ์ด ๋ฎ์ ์ง๋จ์ ์ฐธ์ฌ๋ฅผ ๋๋ฆฌ๋ ๊ฒ์ ํ์์ ํ๋ฑ์ ๋์ด์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด๋ค.
Increasing participation of underrepresented groups is equity beyond formal equality. โ๏ธ
Answer
ํํ์ฑ โ ํํ์ฑ means equity according to context and need.
J. ์ง์ ์ ๋๊ฐ ํ์ฅ๊ณผ ๋ง์ง ์์ผ๋ฉด ์ค์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ๋ฎ์์ง๋ค.
If the support system does not fit the field, actual effectiveness decreases. ๐งพ
Answer
์คํจ์ฑ โ ์คํจ์ฑ means practical effectiveness.
Vocabulary Box
- ์ฌ์ด ์ธ์ด โ easy/plain language
- ์ ๊ทผ์ฑ โ accessibility
- ์๊ฒฌ์ ๋ฐ์ํ๋ค โ to reflect opinions
- ์ง์ ์ฒด๊ณ โ support system
- ๊ฐํํ๋ค โ to strengthen
- ์ฐธ์ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ฅํ๋ค โ to guarantee participation
- ์ฅ๋ฒฝ์ ๋ฎ์ถ๋ค โ to lower barriers
- ๊ฐ์ ๋๋ค โ to be improved
- ๋ฐฐ์ ๊ฐ โ feeling of exclusion
- ํฌ์ฉ์ฑ โ inclusion
- ํํ์ฑ โ equity
- ์คํจ์ฑ โ effectiveness
Tip ๐ก Inclusion is active: reflect needs, guarantee participation, lower barriers, and improve systems.
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Exercise 3 โ Discrimination and Barriers โ๏ธ
A. ์ถ์ ๊ตญ๊ฐ๋ฅผ ์ด์ ๋ก ๋ถ์ด์ต์ ์ฃผ๋ ํ์๋ ๋ช
๋ฐฑํ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด๋ค.
Giving disadvantage because of country of origin is clear discrimination. ๐
Answer
์ฐจ๋ณ โ Unfair treatment based on origin is discrimination.
B. ์ ๋ถ๋ ๊ณ ์ฉ ํ์ฅ์ ์ฐจ๋ณ์ ๊ดํ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํด์ผ ํ๋ค.
The government must eliminate discriminatory practices in employment sites. ๐ผ
Answer
์ฒ ํ โ ๊ดํ์ ์ฒ ํํ๋ค is formal and strong.
C. ํธ๊ฒฌ์ ์ฌ์ค ํ์ธ ์์ด ํน์ ์ง๋จ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ๊ฒ ๋ง๋ ๋ค.
Prejudice makes people negatively judge a specific group without checking facts. ๐
Answer
ํ๋จ โ ํ๋จํ๊ฒ ๋ง๋ค๋ค means to make someone judge.
D. ์ ๋์ ์ฅ๋ฒฝ์ ๊ฐ์ธ์ ๋
ธ๋ ฅ๋ง์ผ๋ก ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ๊ธฐ ์ด๋ ต๋ค.
Institutional barriers are difficult to overcome through individual effort alone. ๐งฑ
Answer
๊ทน๋ณต โ ์ฅ๋ฒฝ์ ๊ทน๋ณตํ๋ค means to overcome barriers.
E. ์ฐจ๋ณ ํผํด์๋ ๊ถ๋ฆฌ ๊ตฌ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋ฅผ ์ฝ๊ฒ ์ด์ฉํ ์ ์์ด์ผ ํ๋ค.
Victims of discrimination must be able to easily use remedy procedures. ๐ก๏ธ
Answer
์ ์ฐจ โ ๊ถ๋ฆฌ ๊ตฌ์ ์ ์ฐจ means rights-remedy procedure.
F. ํ์ค ํํ์ ํน์ ์ง๋จ์ ์กด์์ฑ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ ์ ์๋ค.
Hate speech can undermine the dignity of a specific group. ๐จ
Answer
ํผ์ โ ์กด์์ฑ์ ํผ์ํ๋ค means to damage dignity.
G. ์ฐจ๋ณ ๊ธ์ง ๊ต์ก์ ์ฌํ์ ์ธ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ๊ธฐ์ฌํ๋ค.
Anti-discrimination education contributes to improving social awareness. ๐ง
Answer
๊ฐ์ โ ์ธ์ ๊ฐ์ means improvement of awareness.
H. ์์์์ ๋ํ ๊ณ ์ ๊ด๋
์ ๊ณต์ ํ ํ๊ฐ๋ฅผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ ์ ์๋ค.
Stereotypes about minorities can hinder fair evaluation. ๐
Answer
์ ํด โ ์ ํดํ๋ค means to hinder or impede.
I. ์ฐจ๋ณ์ ์ค์ด๋ ค๋ฉด ํผํด ๊ฒฝํ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ์๊ฒ ๋ค์ด์ผ ํ๋ค.
To reduce discrimination, one must listen responsibly to experiences of harm. ๐
Answer
์ฑ
์ โ ์ฑ
์ ์๊ฒ means responsibly.
J. ๋ถํ๋ฑํ ๊ท์น์ ๊ทธ๋๋ก ๋๋ฉด ๋ฐฐ์ ๊ฐ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋ ์ ์๋ค.
If unequal rules are left as they are, exclusion can be repeated. ๐
Answer
๋ฐ๋ณต โ ๋ฐ๋ณต๋๋ค means to be repeated.
Vocabulary Box
- ์ถ์ ๊ตญ๊ฐ โ country of origin
- ๋ถ์ด์ต โ disadvantage
- ์ฐจ๋ณ โ discrimination
- ์ฐจ๋ณ์ ๊ดํ โ discriminatory practice
- ์ฒ ํํ๋ค โ to eliminate/abolish
- ํธ๊ฒฌ โ prejudice
- ์ ๋์ ์ฅ๋ฒฝ โ institutional barrier
- ๊ทน๋ณตํ๋ค โ to overcome
- ๊ถ๋ฆฌ ๊ตฌ์ ์ ์ฐจ โ rights-remedy procedure
- ์กด์์ฑ์ ํผ์ํ๋ค โ to undermine dignity
- ์ธ์ ๊ฐ์ โ awareness improvement
- ์ ํดํ๋ค โ to hinder
- ๋ฐ๋ณต๋๋ค โ to be repeated
Tip ๐ก Use ์ฒ ํํ๋ค for serious structural problems, not tiny preferences.
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Exercise 4 โ Coexistence and Social Integration ๐๏ธ
A. ์๋ก ๋ค๋ฅธ ๊ณต๋์ฒด๊ฐ ํํ๋กญ๊ฒ ์ด์๊ฐ๋ ๊ด๊ณ๋ฅผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด๋ผ๊ณ ํ๋ค.
A relationship in which different communities live peacefully together is called coexistence. ๐๏ธ
Answer
๊ณต์กด โ ๊ณต์กด means coexistence.
B. ๊ณต์กด์ ์ํด์๋ ์ผ๋ฐฉ์ ๋ํ๋ณด๋ค ์ํธ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด ์ค์ํ๋ค.
For coexistence, mutual respect is more important than one-sided assimilation. ๐ค
Answer
์กด์ค โ ์ํธ ์กด์ค means mutual respect.
C. ์ฌํ ํตํฉ์ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ์ง์ฐ๋ ๊ฒ์ด ์๋๋ผ ๊ฐ๋ฑ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ๋ ๊ณผ์ ์ด๋ค.
Social integration is not erasing differences but a process of mitigating conflict. ๐งฉ
Answer
์ํ โ ๊ฐ๋ฑ์ ์ํํ๋ค means to mitigate conflict.
D. ์ง์ญ ์ฌํ๋ ์ด์ฃผ๋ฏผ๊ณผ ์ฃผ๋ฏผ์ ๊ต๋ฅ๋ฅผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ๊ธฐ ์ํด ํ์ฌ๋ฅผ ์ด์๋ค.
The local community held an event to promote exchange between immigrants and residents. ๐ช
Answer
์ด์ง โ ๊ต๋ฅ๋ฅผ ์ด์งํ๋ค means to promote exchange.
E. ๊ณต์กด์ ์กฐ๊ฑด์ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ์์ ๋ ๊ฒ์ด ์๋๋ผ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ๋ ๊ฒ์ด๋ค.
The condition for coexistence is not removing difference but recognizing difference. ๐
Answer
์ธ์ โ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ์ธ์ ํ๋ค means to recognize difference.
F. ๋ค๋ฌธํ ๊ต์ก์ ํ์๋ค์ด ๋ค์ํ ๋ฌธํ๋ฅผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ๋๋ก ๋๋๋ค.
Multicultural education helps students understand diverse cultures. ๐
Answer
์ดํด โ ๋ฌธํ๋ฅผ ์ดํดํ๋ค means to understand culture.
G. ๊ณต๋์ฒด์ ์ ๋ขฐ๋ ๊พธ์คํ ๋ํ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ํตํด ํ์ฑ๋๋ค.
Community trust is formed through steady dialogue and cooperation. ๐งโ๐คโ๐ง
Answer
ํ๋ ฅ โ ๋ํ์ ํ๋ ฅ is a natural pair.
H. ์๋ก ๋ค๋ฅธ ์ง๋จ ์ฌ์ด์ ์คํด๋ฅผ ์ค์ด๋ ค๋ฉด ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ๊ธฐํ๊ฐ ํ์ํ๋ค.
To reduce misunderstanding between different groups, opportunities for communication are needed. ๐ฌ
Answer
์ํต โ ์ํต์ ๊ธฐํ means opportunities for communication.
I. ๊ณต์กด์ ๊ฐ๋ฑ์ด ์ ํ ์๋ ์ํ๊ฐ ์๋๋ผ ๊ฐ๋ฑ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ๋ ๋ฅ๋ ฅ์ด๋ค.
Coexistence is not a state with no conflict at all, but the ability to manage conflict. ๐งญ
Answer
๊ด๋ฆฌ โ ๊ฐ๋ฑ์ ๊ด๋ฆฌํ๋ค means to manage conflict.
J. ํฌ์ฉ์ ์ ์ฑ
์ ์ฌํ ๊ตฌ์ฑ์์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๊ฐ์ ๋์ผ ์ ์๋ค.
Inclusive policy can raise membersโ sense of belonging. ๐
Answer
์์ โ ์์๊ฐ means sense of belonging.
Vocabulary Box
- ๊ณต๋์ฒด โ community
- ๊ณต์กด โ coexistence
- ์ํธ ์กด์ค โ mutual respect
- ์ผ๋ฐฉ์ ๋ํ โ one-sided assimilation
- ์ฌํ ํตํฉ โ social integration
- ๊ฐ๋ฑ ์ํ โ conflict mitigation
- ๊ต๋ฅ๋ฅผ ์ด์งํ๋ค โ to promote exchange
- ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ์ธ์ ํ๋ค โ to recognize difference
- ์ดํดํ๋ค โ to understand
- ํ๋ ฅ โ cooperation
- ์ํต โ communication
- ๊ด๋ฆฌํ๋ค โ to manage
- ์์๊ฐ โ sense of belonging
Tip ๐ก ๊ณต์กด does not erase difference; it manages difference with respect, dialogue, and shared rules.
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Exercise 5 โ Mixed Mastery + Pitfall Patrol ๐ก๏ธ
A. ๋ฌธํ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ๋จ์ํ ์์์ด๋ ์ท์ ์ข
๋ฅ๊ฐ ๋ง๋ค๋ ๋ป๋ง์ ์๋๋ค.
Cultural diversity does not simply mean there are many kinds of food or clothing. ๐ฝ๏ธ
Answer
๋ค์์ฑ โ โ diversity = random variety only โ โ
it includes meaningful human, cultural, and social difference.
B. ํฌ์ฉ์ฑ์ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ์ฐธ๋ ํ๋์ ๊ทธ์น์ง ์๊ณ ์ฐธ์ฌ๋ฅผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ๋ค.
Inclusion does not stop at tolerating difference; it guarantees participation. ๐ซ
Answer
๋ณด์ฅ โ โ inclusion = mere tolerance โ โ
inclusion means active access and participation.
C. ๋ถํ๋ฑํ ์ ๋๋ฅผ ์์จ ๋๋ ๊ฐํ ํํ์ธ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋ฅผ ์ฌ์ฉํ ์ ์๋ค.
When removing unequal systems, the strong expression โabolition/eliminationโ can be used. โ๏ธ
Answer
์ฒ ํ โ โ use ์ฒ ํํ๋ค for tiny habits โ โ
use it for discrimination, systems, barriers, or harmful practices.
D. ๊ณต์กด์ ๋ชจ๋๊ฐ ๊ฐ์ ๋ฐฉ์์ผ๋ก ์ด์์ผ ํ๋ค๋ ๋ป์ด ์๋๋ผ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ๋ค๋ ๋ป์ด๋ค.
Coexistence does not mean everyone must live the same way; it means respecting difference. ๐งฉ
Answer
์กด์ค โ โ coexistence = sameness โ โ
coexistence keeps difference visible and respected.
E. ์ฌํ์ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋ ๋จ์ํ ์ซ์๊ฐ ์ ์ ์ฌ๋๋ง์ ๋ปํ์ง ์๋๋ค.
In social contexts, minority/marginalized group does not simply mean people who are few in number. ๐ก๏ธ
Answer
์์์ โ โ ์์์ = just a few people โ โ
it often refers to marginalized groups.
F. ๋ค์ํ ์ธ์ด ์ฌ์ฉ์๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ์ง ์์ผ๋ฉด ๊ณต๊ณต ์๋น์ค์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ฑ์ด ๋ฎ์์ง๋ค.
If diverse language users are not considered, public servicesโ accessibility decreases. ๐๏ธ
Answer
์ ๊ทผ โ ์ ๊ทผ์ฑ means accessibility.
G. ์ํธ ์กด์ค์ด ๋ถ์กฑํ๋ฉด ์์ ์คํด๋ ์ฌํ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ผ๋ก ๋ฒ์ง ์ ์๋ค.
If mutual respect is lacking, even a small misunderstanding can spread into social conflict. โก
Answer
๊ฐ๋ฑ โ ๊ฐ๋ฑ์ผ๋ก ๋ฒ์ง๋ค means to spread into conflict.
H. ์ฐจ๋ณ ์ฒ ํ ์ ์ฑ
์ ํผํด์์ ๊ถ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ๊ธฐ ์ํ ์ฅ์น์ด๋ค.
Anti-discrimination policy is a mechanism for protecting victimsโ rights. ๐ก๏ธ
Answer
๋ณดํธ โ ๊ถ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณดํธํ๋ค means to protect rights.
I. ๋ค์ํ ๋ชฉ์๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฃ๋ ๊ณผ์ ์ ์ ์ฑ
์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ฑ์ ๋์ธ๋ค.
The process of listening to diverse voices raises the legitimacy of policy. ๐ณ๏ธ
Answer
์ ๋น โ ์ ๋น์ฑ means legitimacy.
J. ํฌ์ฉ์ ์ฌํ๋ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ์ง์ฐ๊ธฐ๋ณด๋ค ํจ๊ป ์ด์๊ฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ๋ค.
An inclusive society seeks ways to live together rather than erasing difference. ๐ฑ
Answer
๋ชจ์ โ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ์ ๋ชจ์ํ๋ค means to seek a way.
Vocabulary Box
- ๋ฌธํ ๋ค์์ฑ โ cultural diversity
- ์ฐธ์ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ฅํ๋ค โ to guarantee participation
- ์ฒ ํ โ elimination/abolition
- ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ์กด์คํ๋ค โ to respect difference
- ์์์ โ minority/marginalized group
- ์ ๊ทผ์ฑ โ accessibility
- ์ฌํ์ ๊ฐ๋ฑ โ social conflict
- ๊ถ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณดํธํ๋ค โ to protect rights
- ์ ๋น์ฑ โ legitimacy
- ๋ชจ์ํ๋ค โ to seek/explore
Tip ๐ก Pitfall patrol: diversity is not decoration, inclusion is not passive tolerance, and coexistence is not forced sameness.
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๐ Beautiful work โ you can now discuss ๋ฌธํ ๋ค์์ฑ, ํฌ์ฉ์ฑ, ์ฐจ๋ณ ์ฒ ํ, and ๊ณต์กด with the kind of precision that makes policy language actually human. ๐๐ค
TL;DR ๐ฆ
- ๐ ๋ฌธํ ๋ค์์ฑ means cultural diversity: different languages, customs, identities, beliefs, and ways of living existing within one society or across societies.
- ๐คฒ ํฌ์ฉ์ฑ means inclusiveness: a societyโs ability to accept difference and make room for participation without forcing everyone into one mold.
- โ๏ธ ์ฐจ๋ณ ์ฒ ํ means abolition/elimination of discrimination: removing unfair treatment so people can coexist with dignity.
๐ง Iru Helper Note โ Use Korean Helper Widgets to hear formal social-policy phrases like ๋ฌธํ ๋ค์์ฑ์ ์กด์คํ๋ค (to respect cultural diversity), ํฌ์ฉ์ ์ธ ์ฌํ๋ฅผ ๋ง๋ค๋ค (to create an inclusive society), and ์ฐจ๋ณ์ ์ฒ ํํ๋ค (to eliminate discrimination).
ย
๐ The Big Picture
A society is not a copy-paste document. It is more like a city street: languages, food, customs, beliefs, family structures, histories, and identities all meet in the same public space. That richness is ๋ฌธํ ๋ค์์ฑ โ cultural diversity. ๐๏ธ
But diversity alone does not automatically create fairness. If people are โpresentโ but not respected, heard, or able to participate, the society still lacks ํฌ์ฉ์ฑ โ inclusiveness. ํฌ์ฉ์ฑ is the quality of making space for different people rather than treating difference as a problem to be erased. ๐คฒ
The policy-level goal is often ์ฐจ๋ณ ์ฒ ํ โ eliminating discrimination โ so that people can move from mere coexistence to meaningful ๊ณต์กด (coexistence) and ์ํธ ์กด์ค (mutual respect). That is where advanced vocabulary gets delightfully serious. Tiny confetti, big ethics. ๐
๐จ The Core Diversity & Inclusion Family
- ๋ฌธํ ๋ค์์ฑ โ cultural diversity. ๋ฌธํ means โculture,โ and ๋ค์์ฑ means โdiversity.โ
- ํฌ์ฉ์ฑ โ inclusiveness / capacity to include. Use it for systems, communities, policies, and attitudes that accept difference.
- ํฌ์ฉ์ โ inclusive. This modifier appears in phrases like ํฌ์ฉ์ ์ฌํ (inclusive society) and ํฌ์ฉ์ ์ ์ฑ (inclusive policy).
- ์ฐจ๋ณ โ discrimination. Unfair treatment based on identity, background, gender, disability, nationality, belief, or other traits.
- ์ฐจ๋ณ ์ฒ ํ โ elimination/abolition of discrimination. ์ฒ ํ means abolishing or getting rid of an unfair system, practice, or barrier.
- ๊ณต์กด โ coexistence. Living together despite difference; stronger when paired with respect and cooperation.
- ์ํธ ์กด์ค โ mutual respect. ์ํธ means โmutual,โ and ์กด์ค means โrespect.โ
- ์ฌํ ํตํฉ โ social integration. This can be positive when it means participation and belonging, but it should not mean forced sameness.
- ์์์ โ minority / marginalized person or group, depending on context.
- ํธ๊ฒฌ โ prejudice; ๊ณ ์ ๊ด๋ โ stereotype. Both can feed discrimination if left unchecked.
๐ ๏ธ How They Work in a Sentence
- ๋ฌธํ ๋ค์์ฑ์ ์กด์คํ๋ ํ๋๋ ํฌ์ฉ์ ์ฌํ์ ์ถ๋ฐ์ ์ด๋ค.
An attitude that respects cultural diversity is the starting point of an inclusive society. ๐ฑ
Notes: ์กด์คํ๋ค means โto respect,โ ํ๋ means โattitude,โ and ์ถ๋ฐ์ means โstarting point.โ
- ์ฐจ๋ณ ์ฒ ํ๋ฅผ ์ํด์๋ ๋ฒ์ ์ฅ์น์ ์ฌํ์ ์ธ์ ๊ฐ์ ์ด ํจ๊ป ํ์ํ๋ค.
To eliminate discrimination, legal mechanisms and improvement in social awareness are both necessary. โ๏ธ
Notes: ๋ฒ์ ์ฅ์น means โlegal mechanism,โ ์ฌํ์ ์ธ์ means โsocial awareness,โ and ๊ฐ์ means โimprovement.โ
- ์๋ก ๋ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์ ๊ฐ์ง ์ฌ๋๋ค์ด ๊ณต์กดํ๋ ค๋ฉด ์ํธ ์กด์ค์ด ์ ์ ๋์ด์ผ ํ๋ค.
For people with different backgrounds to coexist, mutual respect must be assumed as a foundation. ๐งฉ
Notes: ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ means โbackground,โ ์ ์ ๋๋ค means โto be presupposed/required as a premise,โ and ์๋ก ๋ค๋ฅธ means โdifferent from one another.โ
๐งฉ General Formation Rule
Advanced social vocabulary often forms polished noun phrases by stacking a value word with a policy action:
- ๋ฌธํ + ๋ค์์ฑ โ ๋ฌธํ ๋ค์์ฑ (cultural diversity)
- ์ฐจ๋ณ + ์ฒ ํ โ ์ฐจ๋ณ ์ฒ ํ (elimination of discrimination)
- ์ํธ + ์กด์ค โ ์ํธ ์กด์ค (mutual respect)
- ์ฌํ + ํตํฉ โ ์ฌํ ํตํฉ (social integration)
- ์ธ์ + ๊ฐ์ โ ์ธ์ ๊ฐ์ (improvement of awareness)
Pair them with verbs like ์กด์คํ๋ค (to respect), ๋ณด์ฅํ๋ค (to guarantee), ๊ฐํํ๋ค (to strengthen), ํด์ํ๋ค (to resolve/relieve), ์ฒ ํํ๋ค (to abolish/eliminate), and ์ด์งํ๋ค (to promote). ๐งญ
๐ Cross-check note
Core vocabulary and spacing patterns such as ๋ฌธํ ๋ค์์ฑ, ํฌ์ฉ์ฑ, ์ฐจ๋ณ, ์ฒ ํ, ๊ณต์กด, ์ํธ ์กด์ค, and ์ฌํ ํตํฉ were cross-checked against National Institute of Korean Language resources, including ํ์ค๊ตญ์ด๋์ฌ์ and language guidance via korean.go.kr. โ
๐ช Synonym Alert
- ๋ค์์ฑ โ diversity. Neutral and broad.
- ๋ค์์ฑ โ plurality / pluralism. More academic; often used for values, society, culture, or democracy.
- ํฌ์ฉ์ฑ โ inclusiveness. Focuses on the capacity to include.
- ์์ฉ์ฑ โ acceptability / receptiveness. Focuses on whether people or systems can accept something.
- ๊ณต์กด โ coexistence. Living together despite differences.
- ์์ โ mutual benefit / shared prosperity. More focused on benefiting together than simply existing together.
- ์ฐจ๋ณ ์ฒ ํ โ elimination of discrimination. Strong policy phrase.
- ์ฐจ๋ณ ํด์ โ reduction/resolution of discrimination. Slightly softer than ์ฒ ํ.
โ ๏ธ Pitfalls to Dodge
- โ ๋ค์์ฑ = automatic harmony โ โ Diversity describes difference; harmony requires ์ํธ ์กด์ค, fair systems, and participation. ๐ญ
- โ ํฌ์ฉ์ฑ = simply โbeing niceโ โ โ It means structural and social inclusiveness: making participation possible. ๐คฒ
- โ ์ฐจ๋ณ ์ฒ ํ = personal kindness only โ โ It often refers to removing discriminatory laws, practices, barriers, or institutions. โ๏ธ
- โ ์ฌํ ํตํฉ = forcing everyone to become the same โ โ In inclusive contexts, it should mean belonging and participation while respecting difference. ๐งฉ
- โ ์์์ always means โsmall numberโ only โ โ It often means a socially marginalized group, not just a numerical minority. ๐
You now have the vocabulary to talk about diversity without flattening it โ which is basically the linguistic version of letting every instrument stay audible in the orchestra. ๐ป๐ฅ
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Try this exercise
Practice choosing the most precise social-policy word. Fill each blank, read the sentence aloud, then open the Answer toggle to check the nuance.
1. ํ ์ฌํ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ๋ค์ํ ์ธ์ด์ ๊ด์ต์ ์ธ์ ํ๋ ๋ฐ์ ์์๋๋ค.
A societyโs cultural diversity begins with recognizing different languages and customs. ๐ฃ๏ธ
Answer
๋ฌธํ ๋ค์์ฑ โ The sentence focuses on culture, language, and customs.
2. ๊ณต๊ณต ๊ธฐ๊ด์ ์ฅ์ ์ธ์ ์ฐธ์ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ฅํ๋ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ์ ์ฑ
์ ๋ง๋ จํด์ผ ํ๋ค.
Public institutions should prepare inclusive policies that guarantee participation for people with disabilities. โฟ
Answer
ํฌ์ฉ์ โ This modifies ์ ์ฑ
(policy), so the adjective-like form fits.
3. ๋ถ๋นํ ๋์ฐ๋ฅผ ์์ ๊ธฐ ์ํ ๋ชฉํ๋ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด๋ค.
The goal of removing unfair treatment is eliminating discrimination. โ๏ธ
Answer
์ฐจ๋ณ ์ฒ ํ โ ์ฒ ํ is strong: abolishing/removing an unfair practice.
4. ์๋ก ๋ค๋ฅธ ์ข
๊ต๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์ง ์ด์๋ค์ด ํํ๋กญ๊ฒ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ๊ณ ์๋ค.
Neighbors with different religions are coexisting peacefully. ๐๏ธ
Answer
๊ณต์กด โ ๊ณต์กดํ๋ค means to coexist.
5. ๋ค๋ฌธํ ๊ต์ก์ ํต์ฌ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ๋ฐฐ์ฐ๋ ๊ฒ์ด๋ค.
The core of multicultural education is learning mutual respect. ๐
Answer
์ํธ ์กด์ค โ Diversity becomes healthier when respect is mutual.
6. ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ ์๋ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ์ฐจ๋ณ๋ก ์ด์ด์ง ์ ์๋ค.
Baseless prejudice can lead to discrimination. ๐ง
Answer
ํธ๊ฒฌ โ ํธ๊ฒฌ means prejudice.
7. ํน์ ์ง๋จ์ ๋ํ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ํ์ค์ ๋จ์ํํ๋ค.
Stereotypes about a particular group oversimplify reality. ๐งฑ
Answer
๊ณ ์ ๊ด๋
โ A fixed idea about a group is a stereotype.
8. ๋ชจ๋ ์๋ฏผ์ด ์ฐธ์ฌํ ์ ์์ ๋ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด ๋ ๊ฑด๊ฐํด์ง๋ค.
Social integration becomes healthier when all citizens can participate. ๐๏ธ
Answer
์ฌํ ํตํฉ โ This should imply participation and belonging, not forced sameness.
9. ๋ฌธํ์ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ์ดํดํ๋ ค๋ฉด ๋จผ์ ํ์ธ์ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํด์ผ ํ๋ค.
To understand cultural differences, one must first respect othersโ backgrounds. ๐ค
Answer
์กด์ค โ ์กด์คํ๋ค means to respect.
10. ๋ค์ํ ๋ชฉ์๋ฆฌ๊ฐ ์ ์ฑ
๊ฒฐ์ ๊ณผ์ ์ ๋ฐ์๋ ๋ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด ๋์์ง๋ค.
Inclusiveness increases when diverse voices are reflected in the policy-making process. ๐ณ๏ธ
Answer
ํฌ์ฉ์ฑ โ This describes the quality or degree of being inclusive.
Vocabulary Box
- ๋ฌธํ ๋ค์์ฑ โ cultural diversity
- ํฌ์ฉ์ โ inclusive
- ์ฐจ๋ณ ์ฒ ํ โ elimination of discrimination
- ๊ณต์กดํ๋ค โ to coexist
- ์ํธ ์กด์ค โ mutual respect
- ํธ๊ฒฌ โ prejudice
- ๊ณ ์ ๊ด๋ โ stereotype
- ์ฌํ ํตํฉ โ social integration
- ์กด์คํ๋ค โ to respect
- ํฌ์ฉ์ฑ โ inclusiveness
Tip ๐ก Use ํฌ์ฉ์ before a noun, and ํฌ์ฉ์ฑ for the quality itself.
Want more reps? Keep going into the Practice Hub below when you're ready.
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๐ฏ Practice Hub โ Cultural Diversity and Inclusion
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Welcome to your advanced vocabulary practice for Cultural Diversity and Inclusion. Youโll work with social-policy words for diversity, inclusion, discrimination, coexistence, and mutual respect โ basically the vocabulary of building a society where people do not have to shrink themselves to fit through the door. ๐ช๐
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๐ Audio reminder: Use Korean Helper Widgets whenever you want to hear a sentence before speaking it aloud.
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๐ Instructions: Fill in each blank with the best Korean word or phrase. Focus on nuance: whether the sentence asks for diversity, inclusion, discrimination, coexistence, awareness, or policy action.
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Exercise 1 โ Diversity, Inclusion, and Respect ๐
A. ๋์๋ ์ฌ๋ฌ ๋ฌธํ๊ฐ ๋ง๋๋ ๊ณต๊ฐ์ด๊ธฐ ๋๋ฌธ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด ๋๋ ทํ๊ฒ ๋ํ๋๋ค.
A city clearly shows cultural diversity because it is a space where many cultures meet. ๐๏ธ
Answer
๋ฌธํ ๋ค์์ฑ โ The sentence is about many cultures existing in one space.
B. ํ๊ต๋ ์ด์ฃผ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ ํ์์ ์ํ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ํ๊ฒฝ์ ์กฐ์ฑํด์ผ ํ๋ค.
Schools should create an inclusive environment for students with migrant backgrounds. ๐
Answer
ํฌ์ฉ์ โ This modifies ํ๊ฒฝ (environment), so ํฌ์ฉ์ is natural.
C. ์ ์ฑ
์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ์ทจ์ฝํ ์ง๋จ์ ์ฐธ์ฌ ๊ฐ๋ฅ์ฑ์ ๋์ธ๋ค.
The inclusiveness of a policy increases the possibility of participation for vulnerable groups. ๐งฉ
Answer
ํฌ์ฉ์ฑ โ The sentence asks for the quality of being inclusive.
D. ์๋ก ๋ค๋ฅธ ์ํ ๋ฐฉ์์ ์ธ์ ํ๋ ํ๋๋ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ๊ธฐ์ด๊ฐ ๋๋ค.
An attitude that recognizes different ways of life becomes the basis of mutual respect. ๐ค
Answer
์ํธ ์กด์ค โ Respect must work both ways in a diverse society.
E. ์ง์ญ ์ถ์ ๋ ์ฃผ๋ฏผ๋ค์ด ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ์ดํดํ๊ณ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ๊ฒฝํํ๋ ๊ณ๊ธฐ๊ฐ ๋์๋ค.
The local festival became an opportunity for residents to understand differences and experience coexistence. ๐ช
Answer
๊ณต์กด โ ๊ณต์กด means coexistence.
F. ๋ค์ํ ์๊ฒฌ์ ๋ฃ๋ ๊ณผ์ ์ ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ๋ณด์ฌ ์ค๋ค.
The process of listening to various opinions shows the plurality of democracy. ๐ณ๏ธ
Answer
๋ค์์ฑ โ More academic than ๋ค์์ฑ; useful for democracy and values.
G. ํ ๊ฐ์ง ๊ธฐ์ค๋ง ๊ฐ์ํ๋ฉด ์ฌํ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด ์ฝํด์ง ์ ์๋ค.
If only one standard is forced, societyโs diversity can weaken. ๐
Answer
๋ค์์ฑ โ The sentence discusses variety in a broad sense.
H. ์๋ก์ด ์ ๋์ ๋ํ ์๋ฏผ๋ค์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ๋์ด๋ ค๋ฉด ์ถฉ๋ถํ ์ค๋ช
์ด ํ์ํ๋ค.
Enough explanation is needed to increase citizensโ receptiveness to the new system. ๐
Answer
์์ฉ์ฑ โ This means acceptability or receptiveness, not necessarily inclusion.
I. ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ์ธ์ ํ๋ ์ฌํ๋ ๊ฐ๋ฑ์ ์ค์ด๊ณ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ํ๋ํ ์ ์๋ค.
A society that recognizes differences can reduce conflict and expand coexistence. ๐๏ธ
Answer
๊ณต์กด โ This highlights living together despite difference.
J. ๋ฌธํ ๊ฐ ๋ํ๋ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ์ค์ฒํ๋ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ์ด๋ค.
Intercultural dialogue is a concrete way to practice mutual respect. ๐ฌ
Answer
์ํธ ์กด์ค โ Dialogue practices respect in both directions.
Vocabulary Box
- ๋ฌธํ ๋ค์์ฑ โ cultural diversity
- ํฌ์ฉ์ โ inclusive
- ํฌ์ฉ์ฑ โ inclusiveness
- ์ํธ ์กด์ค โ mutual respect
- ๊ณต์กด โ coexistence
- ๋ค์์ฑ โ plurality; pluralism
- ๋ค์์ฑ โ diversity
- ์์ฉ์ฑ โ receptiveness; acceptability
- ์ธ์ ํ๋ค โ to recognize; acknowledge
- ์ค์ฒํ๋ค โ to practice; put into action
Tip ๐ก ๋ค์์ฑ describes variety; ํฌ์ฉ์ฑ asks whether that variety can actually participate.
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Exercise 2 โ Discrimination, Bias, and Barriers โ๏ธ
A. ์ฑ์ฉ ๊ณผ์ ์์ ์ถ์ ๊ตญ๊ฐ๋ฅผ ์ด์ ๋ก ํ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ๊ธ์ง๋์ด์ผ ํ๋ค.
Discrimination based on country of origin in hiring should be prohibited. ๐งพ
Answer
์ฐจ๋ณ โ Unfair treatment based on background is ์ฐจ๋ณ.
B. ๋ถ๋นํ ๊ดํ์ ์์ ๋ ์ ์ฑ
๋ชฉํ๋ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด๋ค.
The policy goal of removing unfair practices is eliminating discrimination. ๐๏ธ
Answer
์ฐจ๋ณ ์ฒ ํ โ A strong policy phrase for abolishing discrimination.
C. ์ฑ๋ณ์ ๋ฐ๋ฅธ ์๊ธ ๊ฒฉ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์ค์ด๋ ค๋ฉด ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋ฅผ ํด์ํด์ผ ํ๋ค.
To reduce wage gaps by gender, structural discrimination must be resolved. ๐ผ
Answer
์ฐจ๋ณ โ The adjective ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ points to discrimination built into systems.
D. ํ์ธ๋์ง ์์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ํน์ ์ง๋จ์ ๋ํ ํ์ค๋ก ์ด์ด์ง ์ ์๋ค.
Unverified prejudice can lead to hatred toward a particular group. ๐ฅ
Answer
ํธ๊ฒฌ โ ํธ๊ฒฌ is prejudice.
E. โ๋ชจ๋ ๋
ธ์ธ์ ๋ณํ๋ฅผ ์ซ์ดํ๋คโ๋ผ๋ ์๊ฐ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ๊ฐ๊น๋ค.
The idea โall older people dislike changeโ is close to a stereotype. ๐ง
Answer
๊ณ ์ ๊ด๋
โ A rigid generalization about a group is a stereotype.
F. ์ฅ์ ์ธ์ ์ด๋๊ถ์ ๋ณด์ฅํ๋ ค๋ฉด ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ๋ฎ์ถฐ์ผ ํ๋ค.
To guarantee mobility rights for people with disabilities, physical barriers must be lowered. โฟ
Answer
์ฅ๋ฒฝ โ ์ฅ๋ฒฝ means barrier.
G. ์ธ์ด ์ง์์ด ๋ถ์กฑํ๋ฉด ์ด์ฃผ๋ฏผ์ ํ์ ์๋น์ค์์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋ ์ ์๋ค.
If language support is insufficient, migrants can be excluded from administrative services. ๐๏ธ
Answer
๋ฐฐ์ โ ๋ฐฐ์ ๋๋ค means to be excluded.
H. ์ฐจ๋ณ์ ์ค์ด๊ธฐ ์ํด์๋ ๋ฒ๊ณผ ์ ๋์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด ํ์ํ๋ค.
To reduce discrimination, improvement of laws and systems is necessary. ๐ ๏ธ
Answer
๊ฐ์ โ ๊ฐ์ means improvement.
I. ์์์์ ๊ถ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณดํธํ๋ ์ผ์ ์ฌํ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ๊ด๋ จ์ด ๊น๋ค.
Protecting minority rights is closely related to social justice. โ๏ธ
Answer
์ ์ โ ์ฌํ์ ์ ์ means social justice.
J. ์ฐจ๋ณ์ ํํ์ ์ค์ด๋ ค๋ฉด ์ธ์ด ์ฌ์ฉ์ ๋ํ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ๊ฐ์ ์ด ํ์ํ๋ค.
To reduce discriminatory expressions, improvement in awareness about language use is necessary. ๐ฃ๏ธ
Answer
์ธ์ โ ์ธ์ ๊ฐ์ means improvement in awareness.
Vocabulary Box
- ์ฐจ๋ณ โ discrimination
- ์ฐจ๋ณ ์ฒ ํ โ elimination of discrimination
- ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ โ structural
- ํธ๊ฒฌ โ prejudice
- ๊ณ ์ ๊ด๋ โ stereotype
- ์ฅ๋ฒฝ โ barrier
- ๋ฐฐ์ ๋๋ค โ to be excluded
- ๊ฐ์ โ improvement
- ์ ์ โ justice
- ์ธ์ โ awareness; perception
Tip ๐ก ํธ๊ฒฌ lives in thought, ์ฐจ๋ณ appears in treatment, and ์ฅ๋ฒฝ prevents access.
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Exercise 3 โ Social Integration Without Forced Sameness ๐งฉ
A. ์ง์ ํ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ์ง์ฐ๋ ๊ฒ์ด ์๋๋ผ ์ฐธ์ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ฅํ๋ ๊ฒ์ด๋ค.
True social integration is not erasing differences but guaranteeing participation. ๐งฉ
Answer
์ฌํ ํตํฉ โ Pitfall alert: integration should not mean forced sameness.
B. ์๋ก ๋ค๋ฅธ ์ง๋จ์ด ์์ ํ๊ฒ ํจ๊ป ์ด์๊ฐ๋ ์ํ๋ฅผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด๋ผ๊ณ ํ๋ค.
A state in which different groups live together safely is called coexistence. ๐๏ธ
Answer
๊ณต์กด โ ๊ณต์กด means coexistence.
C. ์ง์ญ ์ฌํ๋ ์ด์ฃผ๋ฏผ์ ์ ์ฐฉ์ ๋๊ธฐ ์ํด ์๋ด ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ํ๋ํ๋ค.
The local community expanded counseling support to help migrants settle. ๐๏ธ
Answer
์ง์ โ ์๋ด ์ง์ means counseling support.
D. ๋ค์ํ ์ฃผ๋ฏผ์ด ์์ฌ ๊ฒฐ์ ์ ์ฐธ์ฌํ๋ฉด ๊ณต๋์ฒด์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด ๋์์ง๋ค.
When diverse residents participate in decision-making, the communityโs inclusiveness increases. ๐ณ๏ธ
Answer
ํฌ์ฉ์ฑ โ Participation is a key sign of inclusiveness.
E. ๋ฌธํ ๊ฐ ๊ฐ๋ฑ์ ์ค์ด๋ ค๋ฉด ๊พธ์คํ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๊ฐ ํ์ํ๋ค.
Steady dialogue is needed to reduce intercultural conflict. ๐ฌ
Answer
๋ํ โ ๋ํ means dialogue.
F. ๊ณต๊ณต ์๋น์ค ์ ๊ทผ์ฑ์ ๋์ด๋ ๊ฒ์ ํ๋ฑํ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ฅํ๋ ์ผ์ด๋ค.
Increasing access to public services guarantees equal opportunity. ๐ช
Answer
๊ธฐํ โ ํ๋ฑํ ๊ธฐํ means equal opportunity.
G. ์๋ก์ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์ฐ๋ ๊ณผ์ ์ ์ฌํ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ์ค์ด๋ ๋ฐ ๋์์ด ๋๋ค.
The process of learning one anotherโs differences helps reduce social conflict. ๐งฏ
Answer
๊ฐ๋ฑ โ ๊ฐ๋ฑ means conflict.
H. ํฌ์ฉ์ ๊ต์ก์ ํ์๋ค์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ํ์ฑ์ ๊ธ์ ์ ์ธ ์ํฅ์ ์ค๋ค.
Inclusive education has a positive effect on studentsโ identity formation. ๐ชช
Answer
์ ์ฒด์ฑ โ ์ ์ฒด์ฑ means identity.
I. ๋ค๋ฅธ ๋ฌธํ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์ฐ๋ ์ผ์ ํธ๊ฒฌ์ ์ค์ด๊ณ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ๋ํ๋ค.
Learning another culture reduces prejudice and broadens understanding. ๐
Answer
์ดํด โ ์ดํด๋ฅผ ๋ํ๋ค means to broaden understanding.
J. ์์์ ๋จ์ํ ๊ณต์กด์ ๋์ด ์๋ก์๊ฒ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด ๋๋ ๊ด๊ณ๋ฅผ ๋ปํ๋ค.
Mutual benefit means a relationship that goes beyond simple coexistence and benefits one another. ๐ฟ
Answer
์ด์ต โ ์์ emphasizes mutual benefit or shared prosperity.
Vocabulary Box
- ์ฌํ ํตํฉ โ social integration
- ๊ณต์กด โ coexistence
- ์ง์ โ support
- ํฌ์ฉ์ฑ โ inclusiveness
- ๋ํ โ dialogue
- ๊ธฐํ โ opportunity
- ๊ฐ๋ฑ โ conflict
- ์ ์ฒด์ฑ โ identity
- ์ดํด โ understanding
- ์ด์ต โ benefit; profit
Tip ๐ก Inclusive ์ฌํ ํตํฉ means participation plus belonging, not sameness.
ย
Exercise 4 โ Policy Actions and Academic Verbs ๐ ๏ธ
A. ์ ๋ถ๋ ์ด์ฃผ๋ฏผ์ ์๋ฃ ์ ๊ทผ์ฑ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ๊ธฐ ์ํ ๋์ฑ
์ ๋ฐํํ๋ค.
The government announced measures to guarantee migrantsโ access to medical care. ๐ฅ
Answer
๋ณด์ฅ โ ๋ณด์ฅํ๋ค means to guarantee.
B. ๊ต์ก์ฒญ์ ๋ค๋ฌธํ ์ดํด ๊ต์ก์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ๊ธฐ๋ก ํ๋ค.
The education office decided to strengthen multicultural understanding education. ๐ซ
Answer
๊ฐํ โ ๊ฐํํ๋ค means to strengthen.
C. ์๋ฏผ ๋จ์ฒด๋ ํ์ค ํํ์ ์ค์ด๊ธฐ ์ํ ์บ ํ์ธ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ๋ค.
The civic group launched a campaign to reduce hate speech. ๐ข
Answer
์ ๊ฐ โ ์บ ํ์ธ์ ์ ๊ฐํ๋ค means to carry out or launch a campaign.
D. ์ ์กฐ๋ก๋ ์ธ๊ตญ์ธ ์ฃผ๋ฏผ์ ํ์ ์ฐธ์ฌ๋ฅผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ๋ ๋ฐ ๋ชฉ์ ์ด ์๋ค.
The new ordinance aims to promote administrative participation by foreign residents. ๐งพ
Answer
์ด์ง โ ์ด์งํ๋ค means to promote/facilitate.
E. ์ฐ๊ตฌ์๋ ์ฐจ๋ณ ๊ฒฝํ์ด ์ถ์ ๋ง์กฑ๋์ ๋ฏธ์น๋ ์ํฅ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ๋ค.
The researcher analyzed the effect of discrimination experiences on life satisfaction. ๐
Answer
๋ถ์ โ ๋ถ์ํ๋ค means to analyze.
F. ํ๊ต๋ ํ์ ๊ฐ ๊ฐ๋ฑ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ๊ธฐ ์ํด ์ค์ฌ ํ๋ก๊ทธ๋จ์ ๋์
ํ๋ค.
The school introduced a mediation program to resolve conflict among students. ๐งฏ
Answer
ํด์ โ ๊ฐ๋ฑ์ ํด์ํ๋ค means to resolve conflict.
G. ์์ํ๋ ์ฌํ์ ์ฝ์์ ๊ถ์ต์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ๋ ๋ฐฉ์์ ๋
ผ์ํ๋ค.
The committee discussed ways to protect the rights and interests of socially vulnerable people. ๐ก๏ธ
Answer
๋ณดํธ โ ๋ณดํธํ๋ค means to protect.
H. ๋ฌธํ ๊ต๋ฅ ํ์ฌ๋ ์ฃผ๋ฏผ ๊ฐ ์ ๋ขฐ๋ฅผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ๋ ํจ๊ณผ๊ฐ ์๋ค.
Cultural exchange events have the effect of forming trust among residents. ๐ค
Answer
ํ์ฑ โ ์ ๋ขฐ๋ฅผ ํ์ฑํ๋ค means to form/build trust.
I. ์ ๋ฌธ๊ฐ๋ ์์์์ ๋ํ ๋ถ์ ํํ ์ ๋ณด๋ฅผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํด์ผ ํ๋ค๊ณ ๋งํ๋ค.
The expert said inaccurate information about minorities should be corrected. ๐งน
Answer
์์ โ ์์ ํ๋ค means to correct or rectify.
J. ๊ตญํ๋ ์ฐจ๋ณ์ ์ ๋๋ฅผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟํ๋ ๋ฒ์์ ๊ฒํ ํ๋ค.
The National Assembly reviewed a bill abolishing discriminatory systems. ๐
Answer
์ฒ ํ โ ์ฒ ํํ๋ค is strong: to abolish or eliminate.
Vocabulary Box
- ๋ณด์ฅํ๋ค โ to guarantee
- ๊ฐํํ๋ค โ to strengthen
- ์ ๊ฐํ๋ค โ to carry out; launch
- ์ด์งํ๋ค โ to promote; facilitate
- ๋ถ์ํ๋ค โ to analyze
- ํด์ํ๋ค โ to resolve; relieve
- ๋ณดํธํ๋ค โ to protect
- ํ์ฑํ๋ค โ to form; build
- ์์ ํ๋ค โ to correct; rectify
- ์ฒ ํํ๋ค โ to abolish; eliminate
Tip ๐ก Policy Korean loves noun-action pairs: ์ฐธ์ฌ๋ฅผ ์ด์งํ๋ค, ๊ฐ๋ฑ์ ํด์ํ๋ค, ์ ๋๋ฅผ ์ฒ ํํ๋ค.
ย
Exercise 5 โ Mixed Mastery + Pitfall Patrol ๐ก๏ธ
A. ํ ์ฌํ์ ์ฌ๋ฌ ์ธ์ด์ ๊ด์ต์ด ์กด์ฌํ๋ ํ์์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด๋ค.
The phenomenon of multiple languages and customs existing in one society is cultural diversity. ๐ฃ๏ธ
Answer
๋ฌธํ ๋ค์์ฑ โ Diversity describes difference; it does not automatically guarantee harmony.
B. ์ ์ฑ
์ด ๋ชจ๋ ์๋ฏผ์ ์ฐธ์ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ๋ฅํ๊ฒ ๋ง๋ค ๋ ๊ทธ ์ ์ฑ
์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด๋ผ๊ณ ํ ์ ์๋ค.
When a policy makes participation possible for all citizens, it can be called inclusive. ๐ณ๏ธ
Answer
ํฌ์ฉ์ โ โ Not just โnice.โ โ
ํฌ์ฉ์ means participation is structurally possible.
C. ๋ถ๋นํ ์ ๋์ ๊ดํ์ ์์ ๋ ๊ฒ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ํต์ฌ์ด๋ค.
Removing unfair systems and practices is the core of eliminating discrimination. โ๏ธ
Answer
์ฐจ๋ณ ์ฒ ํ โ โ Not only personal kindness. โ
It can target laws, practices, and institutions.
D. ๋ค๋ฅธ ๋ฌธํ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์ง ์ฃผ๋ฏผ๋ค์ด ์๋ก์ ์ํ ๋ฐฉ์์ ์ธ์ ํ๋ฉฐ ์ด์๊ฐ๋ ๋ชจ์ต์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด๋ค.
Residents with different cultures living while recognizing one anotherโs ways of life is coexistence. ๐๏ธ
Answer
๊ณต์กด โ ๊ณต์กด is living together; stronger when supported by respect.
E. ํตํฉ์ ์ด์ ๋ก ์์์์ ์ธ์ด์ ๋ฌธํ๋ฅผ ์ง์ฐ๋ ค๋ ํ๋๋ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด์ง ์๋ค.
An attitude that erases minority languages and cultures in the name of integration is not inclusive. ๐งน
Answer
ํฌ์ฉ์ โ โ ์ฌํ ํตํฉ should not mean forced sameness. โ
Inclusion keeps participation and difference together.
F. ํน์ ์ง๋จ์ ๋จ์ํ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง๋ก๋ง ํ๋จํ๋ ๊ฒ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ํด๋นํ๋ค.
Judging a group only through a simplified image counts as a stereotype. ๐ผ๏ธ
Answer
๊ณ ์ ๊ด๋
โ A fixed image about a group is a stereotype.
G. ์์์๋ ๋จ์ํ ์๊ฐ ์ ์ ์ฌ๋์ด ์๋๋ผ ์ฌํ์ ์ผ๋ก ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๋ ์ ์๋ ์ง๋จ์ ๋ปํ๊ธฐ๋ ํ๋ค.
A minority can mean not merely people who are few in number, but a group that can be socially marginalized. ๐
Answer
๋ฐฐ์ โ Pitfall check: ์์์ often points to marginalization, not just numbers.
H. ๋ฌธํ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ์ธ์ ํ๊ณ ๊ถ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํจ๊ป ๋ณด์ฅํ๋ ํ๋๋ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ ๊ธฐ๋ฐํ๋ค.
An attitude that recognizes cultural differences and guarantees rights together is based on mutual respect. ๐คฒ
Answer
์ํธ ์กด์ค โ Mutual respect connects recognition with equal dignity.
I. ์๋ก์๊ฒ ์ด์ต์ด ๋๋ ๊ด๊ณ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์กฐํ ๋๋ ๊ณต์กด๋ณด๋ค ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ์ด ๋ ์ ์ ํ ์ ์๋ค.
When emphasizing a relationship that benefits both sides, mutual benefit may be more appropriate than coexistence. ๐ฟ
Answer
์์ โ ์์ means mutual benefit/shared prosperity, not just living side by side.
J. ์ฐจ๋ณ์ ์ค์ด๋ ์ฒซ๊ฑธ์์ ์ข
์ข
์ฌํ์ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ๊ฐ์ ์์ ์์๋๋ค.
The first step in reducing discrimination often begins with improving social awareness. ๐ง
Answer
์ธ์ โ ์ธ์ ๊ฐ์ is a common phrase for awareness improvement.
Vocabulary Box
- ๋ฌธํ ๋ค์์ฑ โ cultural diversity
- ํฌ์ฉ์ โ inclusive
- ์ฐจ๋ณ ์ฒ ํ โ elimination of discrimination
- ๊ณต์กด โ coexistence
- ์ฌํ ํตํฉ โ social integration
- ๊ณ ์ ๊ด๋ โ stereotype
- ๋ฐฐ์ ๋๋ค โ to be excluded
- ์ํธ ์กด์ค โ mutual respect
- ์์ โ mutual benefit; shared prosperity
- ์ธ์ โ awareness; perception
Tip ๐ก Final patrol: diversity is presence, inclusion is participation, and justice requires removing unfair barriers.
ย
๐ Great work โ you can now discuss cultural diversity and inclusion with nuance, not just warm slogans. That is vocabulary with a backbone and a welcome mat. ๐