๐Ÿ› ๏ธ

Common Misuses of Level 6 Connectors

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๋น„๋ฌธ ์ˆ˜์ •
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Advanced Grammar
๐Ÿ› ๏ธ
TL;DR ๐Ÿฆ„
  • ๐Ÿงฏ ๋น„๋ฌธ ์ˆ˜์ • [bi-mun su-jeong] means fixing ungrammatical or unnatural sentences โ€” todayโ€™s job is connector cleanup, not grammar confetti.
  • ๐Ÿ”— Level 6 connectors fail most often because of meaning mismatch, wrong form, spacing mistakes, and register mismatch.
  • ๐Ÿง  The safest editing habit is: What relationship is this connector claiming? reason, result, addition, contrast, limitation, categorization, or formal background?
๐Ÿ”Š
๐ŸŽง Iru Helper Note โ€” Use
Korean Helper Widgets
Korean Helper Widgets
to hear corrected sentences like ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•œ๋ฐ” ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. [bo-go-seo-reul geom-to-han-ba mun-je-ga bal-gyeon-doe-eot-seum-ni-da] and ๋น„์šฉ์„ ์ค„์ผ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ๋„ ๋†’์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. [bi-yong-eul ju-ril ppun-man a-ni-ra hyo-yul-sseong-do no-pim-ni-da]. Your eyes catch grammar; your ears catch weirdness. Tiny editor hat on. ๐ŸŽฉ
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๐ŸŒˆ The Big Picture

At Level 6, connectors are not just โ€œglue.โ€ They are logic labels. A connector tells the reader how the first idea relates to the second: cause, result, contrast, addition, categorization, or limitation. If the label is wrong, the whole sentence wobbles like a chair with one suspicious leg. ๐Ÿช‘
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๋น„๋ฌธ [bi-mun] means an ungrammatical sentence, and ์ˆ˜์ • [su-jeong] means correction/revision. In advanced Korean writing, you often need to fix sentences that are technically close but still unnatural, over-formal, wrongly spaced, or logically mismatched.
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Todayโ€™s editor lens:
  • ๐Ÿงพ Formal background: -(์œผ)ใ„ด/๋Š”๋ฐ” = โ€œas / since / uponโ€ฆโ€ in written style
  • โž• Addition: -(์œผ)ใ„น ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ, -(์œผ)ใ„ด/๋Š” ๋ฐ๋‹ค(๊ฐ€) = โ€œnot onlyโ€ฆbut also / on top ofโ€
  • ๐Ÿงญ Result / basis: -(์œผ)ใ„ด ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, -(์œผ)ใ„ด/๋Š” ๊นŒ๋‹ญ์— = โ€œas a result / becauseโ€
  • โš–๏ธ Contrast: -๊ฑด๋งŒ = โ€œalthough / and yetโ€
  • ๐Ÿ—‚๏ธ Categorization: -(์œผ)ใ„ด/๋Š” ์ถ•์— ๋“ค๋‹ค = โ€œcounts as / falls into the categoryโ€
  • ๐Ÿ“Ž Limitation: -๋‹ค ๋ฟ์ด์ง€, -(์œผ)ใ„น ๋”ฐ๋ฆ„์ด๋‹ค = โ€œnothing but / merelyโ€

๐ŸŽจ The Core Connector-Misuse Family

1. Meaning mismatch: the connector claims the wrong relationship

If the second clause adds another benefit, use an addition connector. If it opposes expectation, use a contrast connector. If it explains a cause, use a reason connector.
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  • ๋น„์šฉ์„ ์ค„์ผ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ๋„ ๋†’์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
    • [bi-yong-eul ju-ril ppun-man a-ni-ra hyo-yul-sseong-do no-pim-ni-da]
      It not only reduces costs but also increases efficiency. ๐Ÿ“Š
      ๋น„์šฉ = cost, ์ค„์ด๋‹ค = to reduce, ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ = efficiency, ๋†’์ด๋‹ค = to raise/increase.
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  • ๋น„์šฉ์€ ์ค„์—ˆ๊ฑด๋งŒ ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ์€ ๋†’์•„์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
    • [bi-yong-eun ju-reot-geon-man hyo-yul-sseong-eun no-pa-ji-ji a-nat-sseum-ni-da]
      Costs decreased, and yet efficiency did not increase. โš–๏ธ
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2. Form mismatch: the word before the connector has the wrong shape

Advanced connectors are picky. Verbs, adjectives, nouns, and completed actions do not all take the same form.
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  • ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ ์ •ํ™•ํ•  ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ [jeong-hwak-ha-da โ†’ jeong-hwa-kal ppun-man a-ni-ra] = not only accurate but also
  • ๋ฌธ์ œ โ†’ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ผ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ [mun-je โ†’ mun-je-il ppun-man a-ni-ra] = not only an issue but also
  • ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•œ๋ฐ” [jo-sa-ha-da โ†’ jo-sa-han-ba] = upon investigating / as it was investigated
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3. Spacing mismatch: attached ending vs spaced noun phrase

Some forms look dangerously similar. The connective ending -๋Š”๋ฐ” attaches with no space, while the dependent noun ๋ฐ” in phrases like ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•œ ๋ฐ”์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ is spaced.
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  • โœ… ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•œ๋ฐ” ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
    • [geom-to-han-ba mun-je-ga bal-gyeon-doe-eot-seum-ni-da]
      Upon review, a problem was found. ๐Ÿ“„
  • โœ… ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•œ ๋ฐ”์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ ˆ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
    • [geom-to-han ba-e tta-ra jeol-cha-reul jin-haeng-ham-ni-da]
      We proceed according to what was reviewed. ๐Ÿงญ
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4. Register mismatch: formal connector in the wrong room

A polished report connector can sound strange in casual talk. -(์œผ)ใ„ด/๋Š”๋ฐ”, -๊ฑด๋งŒ, and -(์œผ)ใ„น ๋”ฐ๋ฆ„์ด๋‹ค belong to formal or literary writing more than everyday chat. Donโ€™t wear a courtroom robe to order coffee. โ˜•โš–๏ธ

๐Ÿ› ๏ธ How They Work in a Sentence

  • ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ๋ฐ” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
    • [ja-ryo-reul bun-seok-han-ba sae-ro-un gyeong-hyang-i na-ta-nat-seum-ni-da]
      Upon analyzing the data, a new trend appeared. ๐Ÿ“ˆ
      Use ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ๋ฐ” when the first clause gives a formal background or finding.
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  • ์ด ์ •์ฑ…์€ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ง€์—ญ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์—๋„ ๋„์›€์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
    • [i jeong-chae-geun hwan-gyeong-ppun-man a-ni-ra ji-yeok gyeong-je-e-do do-u-mi doem-ni-da]
      This policy helps not only the environment but also the local economy. ๐ŸŒฑ
      Use direct noun + ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ for โ€œnot only N but also N.โ€
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  • ์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ์‰ฌ์šด ์ถ•์— ๋“ค์–ด์š”.
    • [i mun-je-neun swi-un chu-ge deu-reo-yo]
      This problem counts as one of the easy ones. ๐Ÿงฉ
      Use ์ถ•์— ๋“ค๋‹ค when classifying something into a comparison category.

๐Ÿงฉ General Formation Rule

Formal background: -(์œผ)ใ„ด/๋Š”๋ฐ”

  • Completed action: ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•œ๋ฐ”, ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•œ๋ฐ”
  • Present/passive situation: ํ™•์ธ๋˜๋‹ค โ†’ ํ™•์ธ๋˜๋Š”๋ฐ”, ์š”๊ตฌ๋˜๋‹ค โ†’ ์š”๊ตฌ๋˜๋Š”๋ฐ”
  • State: ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ๋ฐ”, ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด๋‹ค โ†’ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ธ๋ฐ”
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Addition: -(์œผ)ใ„น ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ

  • Verb/adjective stem + -(์œผ)ใ„น ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ: ์ค„์ด๋‹ค โ†’ ์ค„์ผ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ, ๋†’๋‹ค โ†’ ๋†’์„ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
  • Noun identity + ์ผ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ: ๋ฌธ์ œ์ผ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
  • Direct noun addition + N๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ N๋„: ์ •๋ถ€๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๊ธฐ์—…๋„
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Categorization: -(์œผ)ใ„ด/๋Š” ์ถ•์— ๋“ค๋‹ค

  • Descriptive verb/adjective: ์‰ฌ์šด ์ถ•์— ๋“ค์–ด์š”, ๋น„์‹ผ ์ถ•์— ๋“ค์–ด์š”
  • Action habit: ์ฝ๋Š” ์ถ•์— ๋“ค์–ด์š”, ๋ฐœํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์ž˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์ถ•์— ๋“ค์–ด์š”
  • Completed action: ์ผ์ฐ ์˜จ ์ถ•์— ๋“ค์–ด์š”, ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋๋‚ธ ์ถ•์— ๋“ค์–ด์š”
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Result, contrast, and limitation

  • Result: ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ = as a result of analyzing
  • Formal reason: ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊นŒ๋‹ญ์— = because it is important
  • Contrast: ์ค„์—ˆ๊ฑด๋งŒ = decreased, and yet
  • Limitation: ํ˜•์‹์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅผ ๋ฟ์ด์ง€ = it is only that the format is different
  • Literary limitation: ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•  ๋”ฐ๋ฆ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค = I merely make an effort

๐Ÿ“š Cross-check note

Connector forms, spacing distinctions for -๋Š”๋ฐ” / ๋ฐ”, and standard example patterns were cross-checked against korean.go.kr, including National Institute of Korean Language guidance on connective endings and official orthography examples. โœ…

๐Ÿชž Synonym Alert

  • -(์œผ)ใ„ด/๋Š”๋ฐ” โ€” formal written โ€œas / since / upon,โ€ often presenting basis or background.
  • -(์œผ)ใ„ด ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ โ€” โ€œas a result of,โ€ stronger result after an action.
  • -(์œผ)ใ„ด/๋Š” ๊นŒ๋‹ญ์— โ€” formal โ€œbecause / due to.โ€
  • -(์œผ)ใ„น ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ โ€” โ€œnot onlyโ€ฆbut also,โ€ balanced addition.
  • -(์œผ)ใ„ด/๋Š” ๋ฐ๋‹ค(๊ฐ€) โ€” โ€œon top of / in addition to,โ€ stacking facts.
  • -๊ฑด๋งŒ โ€” literary/formal โ€œalthough / and yet.โ€
  • -(์œผ)ใ„ด/๋Š” ์ถ•์— ๋“ค๋‹ค โ€” โ€œcounts as / is among,โ€ classification.
  • -๋‹ค ๋ฟ์ด์ง€ / -(์œผ)ใ„น ๋”ฐ๋ฆ„์ด๋‹ค โ€” limitation: โ€œnothing but / merely.โ€

โš ๏ธ Pitfalls to Dodge

  • โŒ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•œ ๋ฐ” ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ†’ โœ… ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•œ๋ฐ” ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. (connective ending = no space)
  • โŒ ๋น„์šฉ์„ ์ค„์˜€๊ฑด๋งŒ ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ๋„ ๋†’์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ†’ โœ… ๋น„์šฉ์„ ์ค„์ผ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ๋„ ๋†’์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. (addition, not contrast)
  • โŒ ์ •๋ถ€์ผ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๊ธฐ์—…๋„ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ†’ โœ… ์ •๋ถ€๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๊ธฐ์—…๋„ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. (direct noun comparison)
  • โŒ ์กฐ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ถ•์— ๋“ค์–ด์š”. โ†’ โœ… ์กฐ์šฉํ•œ ์ถ•์— ๋“ค์–ด์š”. (descriptive verb needs -(์œผ)ใ„ด)
  • โŒ ์นœ๊ตฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•œ๋ฐ”. โ†’ โœ… ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•œ๋ฐ” ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. (-(์œผ)ใ„ด/๋Š”๋ฐ” needs a following clause)
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Connector editing unlocked: now you can spot the tiny logic gremlins hiding inside fancy sentences. ๐Ÿงฏ๐Ÿ”
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Try this exercise
Instructions: Fix the connector problem in each sentence. Focus on the relationship: formal background, addition, contrast, categorization, result, or limitation. Say your corrected sentence aloud, then open the Answer toggle.
1. ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•œ ๋ฐ” ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
[bo-go-seo-reul geom-to-han ba mun-je-ga bal-gyeon-doe-eot-seum-ni-da]
Upon reviewing the report, a problem was found. ๐Ÿ“„
Answer
๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•œ๋ฐ” ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€” The connective ending -ํ•œ๋ฐ” attaches with no space.
2. ๋น„์šฉ์„ ์ค„์˜€๊ฑด๋งŒ ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ๋„ ๋†’์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
[bi-yong-eul ju-ryeot-geon-man hyo-yul-sseong-do no-pyeot-sseum-ni-da]
It reduced costs and also increased efficiency. ๐Ÿ“Š
Answer
๋น„์šฉ์„ ์ค„์ผ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ๋„ ๋†’์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€” This is addition, so use ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ.
3. ์ •๋ถ€์ผ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๊ธฐ์—…๋„ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
[jeong-bu-il ppun-man a-ni-ra gi-eop-tto cham-yeo-hae-ya ham-ni-da]
Not only the government but also companies must participate. ๐Ÿข
Answer
์ •๋ถ€๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๊ธฐ์—…๋„ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€” Direct noun comparison attaches ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ directly.
4. ์ด ์นดํŽ˜๋Š” ์กฐ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ถ•์— ๋“ค์–ด์š”.
[i ka-pe-neun jo-yong-ha-neun chu-ge deu-reo-yo]
This cafรฉ counts as quiet. โ˜•
Answer
์ด ์นดํŽ˜๋Š” ์กฐ์šฉํ•œ ์ถ•์— ๋“ค์–ด์š”. โ€” Descriptive verbs use -(์œผ)ใ„ด ์ถ•.
5. ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์˜ค๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ํ™•์ธ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
[ja-ryo-reul bun-seok-ha-neun gyeol-gwa o-ryu-ga hwa-gin-doe-eot-seum-ni-da]
As a result of analyzing the data, an error was confirmed. ๐Ÿ“Š
Answer
์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์˜ค๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ํ™•์ธ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€” Completed action before ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ uses -ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ.
6. ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š” ๊นŒ๋‹ญ์— ์‹ ์ค‘ํ•œ ์กฐ์น˜๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
[mun-je-ga na-ta-na-neun kka-dal-ge sin-jung-han jo-chi-ga pi-ryo-ham-ni-da]
Because a problem is appearing, careful measures are necessary. โš ๏ธ
Answer
๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ ๊นŒ๋‹ญ์— ์‹ ์ค‘ํ•œ ์กฐ์น˜๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€” For a completed/emerged reason, use ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ ๊นŒ๋‹ญ์—.
7. ์ด ์ž๋ฃŒ๋Š” ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ฒด๊ณ„์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
[i ja-ryo-neun jeong-hwa-kan ppun-man a-ni-ra che-gye-jeo-gim-ni-da]
This material is not only accurate but also systematic. ๐Ÿ“š
Answer
์ด ์ž๋ฃŒ๋Š” ์ •ํ™•ํ•  ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ฒด๊ณ„์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€” ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ needs -(์œผ)ใ„น after an adjective.
8. ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•  ๋ฟ์ด์ง€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
[no-ryeo-kal ppu-ni-ji gyeol-gwa-ga myeong-hwa-kam-ni-da]
It is not only effort; the result is clear. ๐Ÿ”
Answer
๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•  ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋„ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€” The meaning is addition, not limitation.
9. ์ ˆ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์ง„ํ–‰๋œ๋ฐ” ์•ˆ๋‚ดํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
[jeol-cha-ga jin-haeng-doen-ba an-nae-ha-ge-sseum-ni-da]
Since the procedure is being carried out, we will guide you. ๐Ÿงญ
Answer
์ ˆ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜๋Š”๋ฐ” ์•ˆ๋‚ดํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€” Present/passive situation uses -๋Š”๋ฐ”.
10. ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๊ฐ€ ์ž์„ธํ•˜๋Š” ์ถ•์— ๋“ค์–ด์š”.
[bo-go-seo-ga ja-se-ha-neun chu-ge deu-reo-yo]
The report counts as detailed. ๐Ÿ“„
Answer
๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๊ฐ€ ์ž์„ธํ•œ ์ถ•์— ๋“ค์–ด์š”. โ€” ์ž์„ธํ•˜๋‹ค is descriptive, so use ์ž์„ธํ•œ.
๐Ÿ“š
Vocabulary Box
  • ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ โ†’ report
  • ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to review
  • ๋ฌธ์ œ โ†’ problem/issue
  • ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜๋‹ค โ†’ to be found
  • ๋น„์šฉ โ†’ cost
  • ์ค„์ด๋‹ค โ†’ to reduce
  • ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ โ†’ efficiency
  • ๋†’์ด๋‹ค โ†’ to increase
  • ์ •๋ถ€ โ†’ government
  • ๊ธฐ์—… โ†’ company
  • ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to participate
  • ์นดํŽ˜ โ†’ cafรฉ
  • ์กฐ์šฉํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to be quiet
  • ์ž๋ฃŒ โ†’ data/material
  • ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to analyze
  • ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ โ†’ result
  • ์˜ค๋ฅ˜ โ†’ error
  • ํ™•์ธ๋˜๋‹ค โ†’ to be confirmed
  • ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋‹ค โ†’ to appear
  • ๊นŒ๋‹ญ โ†’ reason
  • ์‹ ์ค‘ํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to be careful/prudent
  • ์กฐ์น˜ โ†’ measure/action
  • ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to be accurate
  • ์ฒด๊ณ„์  โ†’ systematic
  • ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to make an effort
  • ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to be clear
  • ์ ˆ์ฐจ โ†’ procedure
  • ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜๋‹ค โ†’ to be carried out
  • ์•ˆ๋‚ดํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to guide
  • ์ž์„ธํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to be detailed
  • ์€/๋Š” โ†’ topic particle
  • ์ด/๊ฐ€ โ†’ subject particle
  • ์„/๋ฅผ โ†’ object particle
  • ๋„ โ†’ also
Tip ๐Ÿ’ก First identify the relationship, then fix the form.

๐Ÿš€
Want more reps? The Practice Hub below turns connector correction into editor reflexes.
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๐Ÿ“ฆ
๐ŸŽฏ Practice Hub โ€” Common Misuses of Level 6 Connectors
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Welcome to the connector repair shop. ๐Ÿ› ๏ธ Here, every sentence has one tiny advanced-level wobble: a wrong form, a wrong relationship, a spacing trap, or a register mismatch. Your mission is to fix the sentence so the logic is clean, the form is legal, and the Korean sounds like it meant to show up in a polished essay wearing matching socks. ๐Ÿงฆ
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๐Ÿ”Š Audio reminder: Use
Korean Helper Widgets
Korean Helper Widgets
whenever you want to hear the corrected sentence aloud.
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๐Ÿ“ Instructions: For each prompt, identify the connector problem, write the corrected Korean sentence, say it aloud, then open the Answer toggle. Pay attention to whether the sentence needs addition, contrast, result, formal background, categorization, or limitation.
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Exercise 1 โ€” Spacing & Formal Background ๐Ÿ“Ž

A. ๋ฌธ์„œ๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•œ ๋ฐ” ๋ˆ„๋ฝ๋œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
[mun-seo-reul geom-to-han ba nu-rak-doen nae-yong-i bal-gyeon-doe-eot-seum-ni-da]
Upon reviewing the document, missing content was found. ๐Ÿ“„
Answer
๋ฌธ์„œ๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•œ๋ฐ” ๋ˆ„๋ฝ๋œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€” Attached -ํ•œ๋ฐ” is the connective ending.
B. ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ ๋ฐ” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
[ja-ryo-reul bun-seok-han ba sae-ro-un gyeong-hyang-i na-ta-nat-seum-ni-da]
Upon analyzing the data, a new trend appeared. ๐Ÿ“ˆ
Answer
์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ๋ฐ” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€” No space for the connective ending.
C. ํ˜„์žฅ์„ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•œ ๋ฐ” ์•ˆ์ „ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ™•์ธ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
[hyeon-jang-eul jo-sa-han ba an-jeon mun-je-ga hwa-gin-doe-eot-seum-ni-da]
Upon investigating the site, a safety issue was confirmed. ๐Ÿฆบ
Answer
ํ˜„์žฅ์„ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•œ๋ฐ” ์•ˆ์ „ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ™•์ธ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€” ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•œ๋ฐ” = upon investigating.
D. ์ ˆ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์ง„ํ–‰๋œ๋ฐ” ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์•ˆ๋‚ดํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
[jeol-cha-ga jin-haeng-doen-ba ja-se-hi an-nae-ha-ge-sseum-ni-da]
Since the procedure is being carried out, we will guide you in detail. ๐Ÿงญ
Answer
์ ˆ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜๋Š”๋ฐ” ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์•ˆ๋‚ดํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€” Present/passive situation uses -๋Š”๋ฐ”.
E. ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์ž๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ์š”๊ตฌ๋œ๋ฐ” ๊ณง ์š”์ฒญํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
[chu-ga ja-ryo-ga yo-gu-doen-ba got yo-cheong-ha-ge-sseum-ni-da]
Since additional data is required, we will request it soon. ๐Ÿ“Ž
Answer
์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์ž๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ์š”๊ตฌ๋˜๋Š”๋ฐ” ๊ณง ์š”์ฒญํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€” Ongoing/passive requirement uses ์š”๊ตฌ๋˜๋Š”๋ฐ”.
F. ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ” ๋‹ค์Œ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋กœ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
[geun-geo-ga myeong-hwak-ha-neun-ba da-eum dan-gye-ro jin-haeng-ham-ni-da]
Since the basis is clear, we proceed to the next step. ๐Ÿชœ
Answer
๊ทผ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•œ๋ฐ” ๋‹ค์Œ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋กœ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€” Descriptive verb ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๋‹ค takes -ํ•œ๋ฐ”.
G. ๊ทธ ๋‚ด์šฉ์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค๋Š”๋ฐ” ์ ˆ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
[geu nae-yong-eun sa-sil-neun-ba jeol-cha-reul jin-haeng-ham-ni-da]
Since that content is a fact, we proceed with the procedure. โœ…
Answer
๊ทธ ๋‚ด์šฉ์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ธ๋ฐ” ์ ˆ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด๋‹ค becomes ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ธ๋ฐ”.
H. ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•œ๋ฐ”์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ผ์ •์„ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
[geom-to-han-ba-e tta-ra il-jeong-eul byeon-gyeong-ham-ni-da]
We change the schedule according to what was reviewed. ๐Ÿ—“๏ธ
Answer
๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•œ ๋ฐ”์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ผ์ •์„ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€” In ๋ฐ”์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ, ๋ฐ” is a spaced noun phrase.
I. ํ™•์ธ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐ” ๊ณต์ง€๋ฅผ ์ค€๋น„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
[hwa-gin-doe-neun ba gong-ji-reul jun-bi-ham-ni-da]
Since it is being confirmed, we prepare an announcement. ๐Ÿ“ข
Answer
ํ™•์ธ๋˜๋Š”๋ฐ” ๊ณต์ง€๋ฅผ ์ค€๋น„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€” Formal connector -๋Š”๋ฐ” attaches.
J. ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ฐ” ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ๋ณด๊ด€ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
[jung-yo-han ba ban-deu-si bo-gwan-hae-ya ham-ni-da]
Since it is important, it must be kept without fail. ๐Ÿ—‚๏ธ
Answer
์ค‘์š”ํ•œ๋ฐ” ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ๋ณด๊ด€ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€” Attached -ํ•œ๋ฐ” gives the formal basis.
๐Ÿ“Ž
Vocabulary Box
  • ๋ฌธ์„œ โ†’ document
  • ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to review
  • ๋ˆ„๋ฝ๋˜๋‹ค โ†’ to be missing/omitted
  • ๋‚ด์šฉ โ†’ content
  • ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜๋‹ค โ†’ to be found
  • ์ž๋ฃŒ โ†’ data/material
  • ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to analyze
  • ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด โ†’ new
  • ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ โ†’ trend
  • ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋‹ค โ†’ to appear
  • ํ˜„์žฅ โ†’ site
  • ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to investigate
  • ์•ˆ์ „ โ†’ safety
  • ๋ฌธ์ œ โ†’ issue/problem
  • ํ™•์ธ๋˜๋‹ค โ†’ to be confirmed
  • ์ ˆ์ฐจ โ†’ procedure
  • ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜๋‹ค โ†’ to be carried out
  • ์ž์„ธํžˆ โ†’ in detail
  • ์•ˆ๋‚ดํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to guide
  • ์ถ”๊ฐ€ โ†’ additional
  • ์š”๊ตฌ๋˜๋‹ค โ†’ to be required
  • ์š”์ฒญํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to request
  • ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ โ†’ basis
  • ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to be clear
  • ๋‹ค์Œ โ†’ next
  • ๋‹จ๊ณ„ โ†’ step
  • ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด๋‹ค โ†’ to be a fact
  • ์ผ์ • โ†’ schedule
  • ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to change
  • ๊ณต์ง€ โ†’ announcement
  • ์ค€๋น„ํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to prepare
  • ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to be important
  • ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ โ†’ without fail
  • ๋ณด๊ด€ํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to keep/store
Tip ๐Ÿ’ก Attached -๋Š”๋ฐ” is a connector; spaced ๋ฐ” is a noun phrase.
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Exercise 2 โ€” Addition vs Contrast โš–๏ธ

A. ๋น„์šฉ์„ ์ค„์˜€๊ฑด๋งŒ ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ๋„ ๋†’์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
[bi-yong-eul ju-ryeot-geon-man hyo-yul-sseong-do no-pyeot-sseum-ni-da]
It reduced costs and also increased efficiency. ๐Ÿ“Š
Answer
๋น„์šฉ์„ ์ค„์ผ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ๋„ ๋†’์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€” This is addition, not contrast.
B. ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ํด ๊ฑด๋งŒ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ๋‚ฎ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
[hyo-gwa-ga keul geon-man wi-heom-do nat-sseum-ni-da]
The effect is not only great, but the risk is also low. ๐Ÿ›ก๏ธ
Answer
ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ํด ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ๋‚ฎ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€” Use ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ for paired positives.
C. ์ž๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ์ •ํ™•ํ•  ๊ฑด๋งŒ ๋ถ„์„๋„ ์ฒด๊ณ„์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
[ja-ryo-ga jeong-hwa-kal geon-man bun-seok-tto che-gye-jeo-gim-ni-da]
The data is not only accurate but also systematic. ๐Ÿ“š
Answer
์ž๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ์ •ํ™•ํ•  ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋ถ„์„๋„ ์ฒด๊ณ„์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€” Addition needs ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ.
D. ๋น„์šฉ์€ ์ค„์—ˆ์„ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ์€ ๋†’์•„์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
[bi-yong-eun ju-reo-sseul ppun-man a-ni-ra hyo-yul-sseong-eun no-pa-ji-ji a-nat-sseum-ni-da]
Costs decreased, and yet efficiency did not increase. โš–๏ธ
Answer
๋น„์šฉ์€ ์ค„์—ˆ๊ฑด๋งŒ ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ์€ ๋†’์•„์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€” Opposite expectation uses contrast -๊ฑด๋งŒ.
E. ์ •์ฑ…์€ ํ•„์š”ํ•  ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์‹คํ–‰์ด ์–ด๋ ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
[jeong-chae-geun pi-ryo-hal ppun-man a-ni-ra sil-haeng-i eo-ryeop-sseum-ni-da]
The policy is necessary, but implementation is difficult. ๐Ÿ›๏ธ
Answer
์ •์ฑ…์€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๊ฑด๋งŒ ์‹คํ–‰์ด ์–ด๋ ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€” This is a contrast between necessity and difficulty.
F. ์ •๋ถ€๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๊ธฐ์—…์€ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
[jeong-bu-ppun-man a-ni-ra gi-eo-beun cham-yeo-ha-ji a-nat-sseum-ni-da]
Not only the government but also companies did not participate. ๐Ÿข
Answer
์ •๋ถ€๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๊ธฐ์—…๋„ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€” The second noun usually takes ๋„ for balanced addition.
G. ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์—๋„ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
[hwan-gyeong-ppun-man a-ni-ra gyeong-je-e-do do-u-mi doe-ji a-nat-sseum-ni-da]
It helped neither the environment nor the economy. ๐ŸŒฑ
Answer
ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—๋„ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์—๋„ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€” For โ€œneither,โ€ avoid ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ; use paired ๋„ with negation.
H. ๋ฌธ์ œ์ผ ๊ฑด๋งŒ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์ฑ…์ž„์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
[mun-je-il geon-man sa-hoe-jeok chae-gi-mi-gi-do ham-ni-da]
It is not only an issue but also a social responsibility. ๐Ÿค
Answer
๋ฌธ์ œ์ผ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์ฑ…์ž„์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€” Noun identity + addition needs ์ผ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ.
I. ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์‹œ๋ฏผ์€ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
[jeon-mun-ga-ppun-man a-ni-ra si-mi-neun ui-gyeo-neul naet-sseum-ni-da]
Not only experts but also citizens gave opinions. ๐Ÿ—ฃ๏ธ
Answer
์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์‹œ๋ฏผ๋„ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€” Use ๋„ on the second added noun.
J. ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์ด ํƒ€๋‹นํ•  ๊ฑด๋งŒ ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ๋„ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
[gyeol-lo-ni ta-dang-hal geon-man geun-geo-do myeong-hwa-kam-ni-da]
The conclusion is not only reasonable, but the basis is also clear. ๐Ÿ“‘
Answer
๊ฒฐ๋ก ์ด ํƒ€๋‹นํ•  ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ๋„ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€” Both clauses support the same positive evaluation.
โš–๏ธ
Vocabulary Box
  • ๋น„์šฉ โ†’ cost
  • ์ค„์ด๋‹ค โ†’ to reduce
  • ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ โ†’ efficiency
  • ๋†’์ด๋‹ค โ†’ to increase
  • ํšจ๊ณผ โ†’ effect
  • ํฌ๋‹ค โ†’ to be big/great
  • ์œ„ํ—˜ โ†’ risk/danger
  • ๋‚ฎ๋‹ค โ†’ to be low
  • ์ž๋ฃŒ โ†’ data/material
  • ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to be accurate
  • ๋ถ„์„ โ†’ analysis
  • ์ฒด๊ณ„์  โ†’ systematic
  • ์ •์ฑ… โ†’ policy
  • ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to be necessary
  • ์‹คํ–‰ โ†’ implementation
  • ์–ด๋ ต๋‹ค โ†’ to be difficult
  • ์ •๋ถ€ โ†’ government
  • ๊ธฐ์—… โ†’ company
  • ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to participate
  • ํ™˜๊ฒฝ โ†’ environment
  • ๊ฒฝ์ œ โ†’ economy
  • ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋‹ค โ†’ to be helpful
  • ๋ฌธ์ œ โ†’ issue/problem
  • ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์ฑ…์ž„ โ†’ social responsibility
  • ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€ โ†’ expert
  • ์‹œ๋ฏผ โ†’ citizen
  • ์˜๊ฒฌ โ†’ opinion
  • ๊ฒฐ๋ก  โ†’ conclusion
  • ํƒ€๋‹นํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to be reasonable
  • ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ โ†’ basis
  • ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to be clear
Tip ๐Ÿ’ก ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ stacks; -๊ฑด๋งŒ pushes against expectation.
ย 

Exercise 3 โ€” Form Repair: Noun, Verb, Adjective ๐Ÿ”ง

A. ์ด ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์€ ๋น„์šฉ์„ ์ค„์ธ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ๋„ ๋†’์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
[i bang-a-neun bi-yong-eul ju-rin ppun-man a-ni-ra hyo-yul-sseong-do no-pim-ni-da]
This measure not only reduces costs but also increases efficiency. ๐Ÿ“Š
Answer
์ด ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์€ ๋น„์šฉ์„ ์ค„์ผ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ๋„ ๋†’์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€” Verb/adjective before ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ uses -(์œผ)ใ„น.
B. ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ํฐ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ง€์† ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ๋„ ๋†’์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
[hyo-gwa-ga keun ppun-man a-ni-ra ji-sok ga-neung-sseong-do nop-sseum-ni-da]
The effect is not only great, but sustainability is also high. ๐ŸŒฑ
Answer
ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ํด ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ง€์† ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ๋„ ๋†’์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€” ํฌ๋‹ค โ†’ ํด ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ.
C. ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์ฑ…์ž„์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
[gae-in-ui mun-je-ppun-man a-ni-ra sa-hoe-jeok chae-gi-mi-gi-do ham-ni-da]
It is not only an individual issue but also a social responsibility. ๐Ÿค
Answer
๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ผ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์ฑ…์ž„์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€” Noun identity needs ์ผ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ.
D. ์ •๋ถ€์ผ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๊ธฐ์—…๋„ ์ฑ…์ž„์„ ์ ธ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
[jeong-bu-il ppun-man a-ni-ra gi-eop-tto chae-gi-meul jyeo-ya ham-ni-da]
Not only the government but also companies must take responsibility. ๐Ÿข
Answer
์ •๋ถ€๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๊ธฐ์—…๋„ ์ฑ…์ž„์„ ์ ธ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€” Direct noun comparison does not use ์ผ.
E. ์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ์‰ฌ๋Š” ์ถ•์— ๋“ค์–ด์š”.
[i mun-je-neun swi-neun chu-ge deu-reo-yo]
This problem counts as easy. ๐Ÿงฉ
Answer
์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ์‰ฌ์šด ์ถ•์— ๋“ค์–ด์š”. โ€” ์‰ฝ๋‹ค โ†’ ์‰ฌ์šด.
F. ๊ทธ ํ•™์ƒ์€ ๋ฐœํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์ž˜ํ•œ ์ถ•์— ๋“ค์–ด์š”.
[geu hak-saeng-eun bal-pyo-reul ja-ran chu-ge deu-reo-yo]
That student counts as presenting well in general. ๐ŸŽค
Answer
๊ทธ ํ•™์ƒ์€ ๋ฐœํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์ž˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์ถ•์— ๋“ค์–ด์š”. โ€” General action category uses -๋Š” ์ถ•.
G. ์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ผ์ฐ ์˜ค๋Š” ์ถ•์— ๋“ค์–ด์š”.
[o-neu-reun je-ga il-jjik o-neun chu-ge deu-reo-yo]
Today I count as having come early. โฐ
Answer
์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ผ์ฐ ์˜จ ์ถ•์— ๋“ค์–ด์š”. โ€” Completed action uses -(์œผ)ใ„ด ์ถ•.
H. ์ด ์ž๋ฃŒ๋Š” ์ž์„ธํ•˜๋Š” ์ถ•์— ๋“ค์–ด์š”.
[i ja-ryo-neun ja-se-ha-neun chu-ge deu-reo-yo]
This material counts as detailed. ๐Ÿ”
Answer
์ด ์ž๋ฃŒ๋Š” ์ž์„ธํ•œ ์ถ•์— ๋“ค์–ด์š”. โ€” Descriptive verb uses ์ž์„ธํ•œ.
I. ์ ˆ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์˜ค๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ํ™•์ธ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
[jeol-cha-reul kkeun-nae-neun gyeol-gwa o-ryu-ga hwa-gin-doe-eot-seum-ni-da]
As a result of finishing the procedure, an error was confirmed. ๐Ÿงพ
Answer
์ ˆ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋๋‚ธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์˜ค๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ํ™•์ธ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€” Completed action before ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ uses ๋๋‚ธ.
J. ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•  ๊นŒ๋‹ญ์— ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
[geun-geo-ga myeong-hwa-kal kka-dal-ge jin-haeng-ham-ni-da]
Because the basis is clear, we proceed. ๐Ÿงญ
Answer
๊ทผ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•œ ๊นŒ๋‹ญ์— ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€” Formal reason with an adjective uses -ํ•œ ๊นŒ๋‹ญ์—.
๐Ÿ”ง
Vocabulary Box
  • ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ โ†’ measure/plan
  • ๋น„์šฉ โ†’ cost
  • ์ค„์ด๋‹ค โ†’ to reduce
  • ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ โ†’ efficiency
  • ๋†’์ด๋‹ค โ†’ to increase
  • ํšจ๊ณผ โ†’ effect
  • ํฌ๋‹ค โ†’ to be big/great
  • ์ง€์† ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ โ†’ sustainability
  • ๊ฐœ์ธ โ†’ individual
  • ๋ฌธ์ œ โ†’ issue/problem
  • ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์ฑ…์ž„ โ†’ social responsibility
  • ์ •๋ถ€ โ†’ government
  • ๊ธฐ์—… โ†’ company
  • ์ฑ…์ž„์„ ์ง€๋‹ค โ†’ to take responsibility
  • ์‰ฝ๋‹ค โ†’ to be easy
  • ํ•™์ƒ โ†’ student
  • ๋ฐœํ‘œํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to present
  • ์ž˜ํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to do well
  • ์˜ค๋Š˜ โ†’ today
  • ์ผ์ฐ โ†’ early
  • ์˜ค๋‹ค โ†’ to come
  • ์ž๋ฃŒ โ†’ data/material
  • ์ž์„ธํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to be detailed
  • ์ ˆ์ฐจ โ†’ procedure
  • ๋๋‚ด๋‹ค โ†’ to finish
  • ์˜ค๋ฅ˜ โ†’ error
  • ํ™•์ธ๋˜๋‹ค โ†’ to be confirmed
  • ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ โ†’ basis
  • ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to be clear
  • ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to proceed
Tip ๐Ÿ’ก Same connector, different pre-connector shape: noun, verb, adjective, or completed action.
ย 

Exercise 4 โ€” Result, Reason, Limitation ๐Ÿงญ

A. ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์›์ธ์ด ํ™•์ธ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
[ja-ryo-reul bun-seok-ha-neun gyeol-gwa wo-ni-ni hwa-gin-doe-eot-seum-ni-da]
As a result of analyzing the data, the cause was confirmed. ๐Ÿ”ฌ
Answer
์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์›์ธ์ด ํ™•์ธ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€” Completed action before ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ.
B. ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์กฐ์น˜๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
[mun-je-ga jung-yo-han gyeol-gwa chu-ga jo-chi-ga pi-ryo-ham-ni-da]
Because the issue is important, additional measures are necessary. ๐Ÿ“Œ
Answer
๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊นŒ๋‹ญ์— ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์กฐ์น˜๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€” This is a reason, not an action result.
C. ํšŒ์˜์—์„œ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•œ ๊นŒ๋‹ญ์— ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์ด ๋ฐ”๋€Œ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
[hoe-ui-e-seo non-ui-han kka-dal-ge gyeol-lo-ni ba-kkwi-eot-sseum-ni-da]
As a result of discussing it in the meeting, the conclusion changed. ๐Ÿ—ฃ๏ธ
Answer
ํšŒ์˜์—์„œ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์ด ๋ฐ”๋€Œ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€” Discussion produced a result, so use -ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ.
D. ํ˜•์‹์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅผ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋‚ด์šฉ์€ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
[hyeong-si-gi da-reul ppun-man a-ni-ra nae-yong-eun gat-sseum-ni-da]
It is only that the format is different; the content is the same. ๐Ÿ“‘
Answer
ํ˜•์‹์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅผ ๋ฟ์ด์ง€ ๋‚ด์šฉ์€ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€” Limitation/โ€œonly thatโ€ uses -๋‹ค ๋ฟ์ด์ง€.
E. ์ €๋Š” ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•  ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
[jeo-neun no-ryeo-kal ppun-man a-ni-ra-im-ni-da]
I merely make an effort. ๐Ÿง‘โ€๐Ÿ’ป
Answer
์ €๋Š” ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•  ๋”ฐ๋ฆ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€” Literary limitation uses -(์œผ)ใ„น ๋”ฐ๋ฆ„์ด๋‹ค.
F. ์‹ ์ฒญ์„œ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ •ํ•œ ๊นŒ๋‹ญ์— ์˜ค๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ๋ผ์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
[sin-cheong-seo-reul su-jeong-han kka-dal-ge o-ryu-ga sa-ra-jyeot-sseum-ni-da]
As a result of revising the application form, the error disappeared. ๐Ÿ“
Answer
์‹ ์ฒญ์„œ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ •ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์˜ค๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ๋ผ์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€” Revision led to a result.
G. ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€์กฑํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์„ ๋ณด๋ฅ˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
[geun-geo-ga bu-jo-kan gyeol-gwa gyeol-lo-neul bo-ryu-ham-ni-da]
Because the basis is insufficient, we withhold the conclusion. ๐Ÿงพ
Answer
๊ทผ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€์กฑํ•œ ๊นŒ๋‹ญ์— ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์„ ๋ณด๋ฅ˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€” This gives a reason, not a produced result.
H. ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•  ๋”ฐ๋ฆ„์ด๊ณ  ๋ฌธ์ œ๋„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
[bo-go-seo-reul geom-to-hal tta-reu-mi-go mun-je-do bal-gyeon-haet-sseum-ni-da]
We not only reviewed the report but also found a problem. ๐Ÿ”
Answer
๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ–ˆ์„ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€” This is addition, not humble limitation.
I. ์ผ์ •์ด ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๋œ ๊นŒ๋‹ญ์— ๊ณต์ง€๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ •ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
[il-jeong-i byeon-gyeong-doen kka-dal-ge gong-ji-reul su-jeong-haet-sseum-ni-da]
Because the schedule changed, we revised the announcement. ๐Ÿ—“๏ธ
Answer
์ผ์ •์ด ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๋œ ๊นŒ๋‹ญ์— ๊ณต์ง€๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ •ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€” This one is correct: it gives a formal reason.
J. ์กฐ์น˜๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•  ๋ฟ์ด์ง€ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋„ ์š”๊ตฌ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
[jo-chi-ga pi-ryo-hal ppu-ni-ji chu-ga ja-ryo-do yo-gu-doem-ni-da]
Measures are necessary, and additional data is also required. ๐Ÿ“Ž
Answer
์กฐ์น˜๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•  ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋„ ์š”๊ตฌ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€” This is addition, not limitation.
๐Ÿงญ
Vocabulary Box
  • ์ž๋ฃŒ โ†’ data/material
  • ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to analyze
  • ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ โ†’ result
  • ์›์ธ โ†’ cause
  • ํ™•์ธ๋˜๋‹ค โ†’ to be confirmed
  • ๋ฌธ์ œ โ†’ issue/problem
  • ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to be important
  • ๊นŒ๋‹ญ โ†’ reason
  • ์ถ”๊ฐ€ โ†’ additional
  • ์กฐ์น˜ โ†’ measure/action
  • ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to be necessary
  • ํšŒ์˜ โ†’ meeting
  • ๋…ผ์˜ํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to discuss
  • ๊ฒฐ๋ก  โ†’ conclusion
  • ๋ฐ”๋€Œ๋‹ค โ†’ to change
  • ํ˜•์‹ โ†’ format
  • ๋‹ค๋ฅด๋‹ค โ†’ to be different
  • ๋‚ด์šฉ โ†’ content
  • ๊ฐ™๋‹ค โ†’ to be the same
  • ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to make an effort
  • ์‹ ์ฒญ์„œ โ†’ application form
  • ์ˆ˜์ •ํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to revise
  • ์˜ค๋ฅ˜ โ†’ error
  • ์‚ฌ๋ผ์ง€๋‹ค โ†’ to disappear
  • ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ โ†’ basis
  • ๋ถ€์กฑํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to be insufficient
  • ๋ณด๋ฅ˜ํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to withhold/postpone
  • ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ โ†’ report
  • ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to review
  • ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to find
  • ์ผ์ • โ†’ schedule
  • ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๋˜๋‹ค โ†’ to be changed
  • ๊ณต์ง€ โ†’ announcement
  • ์š”๊ตฌ๋˜๋‹ค โ†’ to be required
Tip ๐Ÿ’ก ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ follows an action result; ๊นŒ๋‹ญ์— gives a reason; ๋ฟ์ด์ง€ limits.
ย 

Exercise 5 โ€” Mixed Mastery + Pitfall Patrol ๐Ÿ›ก๏ธ

A. โŒ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•œ ๋ฐ” ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
[bo-go-seo-reul geom-to-han ba mun-je-ga bal-gyeon-doe-eot-seum-ni-da]
Fix the spacing trap. ๐Ÿ“„
Answer
โœ… ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•œ๋ฐ” ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€” Connective ending -ํ•œ๋ฐ” attaches.
B. โŒ ์ •๋ถ€์ผ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๊ธฐ์—…๋„ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
[jeong-bu-il ppun-man a-ni-ra gi-eop-tto cham-yeo-hae-ya ham-ni-da]
Fix the noun-comparison trap. ๐Ÿข
Answer
โœ… ์ •๋ถ€๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๊ธฐ์—…๋„ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€” Direct noun + ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ; no ์ผ.
C. โŒ ์กฐ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ถ•์— ๋“ค์–ด์š”.
[jo-yong-ha-neun chu-ge deu-reo-yo]
Fix the descriptive-verb trap. โ˜•
Answer
โœ… ์กฐ์šฉํ•œ ์ถ•์— ๋“ค์–ด์š”. โ€” Descriptive verb takes -(์œผ)ใ„ด ์ถ•.
D. โŒ ์ฑ…์„ ๋งŽ์ด ์ฝ์€ ์ถ•์— ๋“ค์–ด์š”.
[chae-geul ma-ni il-geun chu-ge deu-reo-yo]
Fix the habit-category trap. ๐Ÿ“š
Answer
โœ… ์ฑ…์„ ๋งŽ์ด ์ฝ๋Š” ์ถ•์— ๋“ค์–ด์š”. โ€” General action habit uses -๋Š” ์ถ•.
E. โŒ ๋น„์šฉ์„ ์ค„์˜€๊ฑด๋งŒ ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ๋„ ๋†’์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
[bi-yong-eul ju-ryeot-geon-man hyo-yul-sseong-do no-pyeot-sseum-ni-da]
Fix the addition-vs-contrast trap. ๐Ÿ“Š
Answer
โœ… ๋น„์šฉ์„ ์ค„์ผ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ๋„ ๋†’์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€” Addition needs ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ.
F. โŒ ์ •์ฑ…์€ ํ•„์š”ํ•  ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์‹คํ–‰์ด ์–ด๋ ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
[jeong-chae-geun pi-ryo-hal ppun-man a-ni-ra sil-haeng-i eo-ryeop-sseum-ni-da]
Fix the contrast trap. ๐Ÿ›๏ธ
Answer
โœ… ์ •์ฑ…์€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๊ฑด๋งŒ ์‹คํ–‰์ด ์–ด๋ ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€” Necessity vs difficulty creates contrast.
G. โŒ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์˜ค๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ํ™•์ธ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
[ja-ryo-reul bun-seok-ha-neun gyeol-gwa o-ryu-ga hwa-gin-doe-eot-seum-ni-da]
Fix the result-form trap. ๐Ÿ“Š
Answer
โœ… ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์˜ค๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ํ™•์ธ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€” Completed action + ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ.
H. โŒ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋ณด๊ด€ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
[jung-yo-han gyeol-gwa bo-gwan-hae-ya ham-ni-da]
Fix the reason/result trap. ๐Ÿ—‚๏ธ
Answer
โœ… ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊นŒ๋‹ญ์— ๋ณด๊ด€ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€” A state gives a reason, not an action result.
I. โŒ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•œ๋ฐ”์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ ˆ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
[geom-to-han-ba-e tta-ra jeol-cha-reul jin-haeng-ham-ni-da]
Fix the dependent-noun trap. ๐Ÿงญ
Answer
โœ… ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•œ ๋ฐ”์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ ˆ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€” In ๋ฐ”์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ, ๋ฐ” is spaced.
J. โŒ ํ˜•์‹์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅผ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋‚ด์šฉ์€ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
[hyeong-si-gi da-reul ppun-man a-ni-ra nae-yong-eun gat-sseum-ni-da]
Fix the limitation trap. ๐Ÿ“‘
Answer
โœ… ํ˜•์‹์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅผ ๋ฟ์ด์ง€ ๋‚ด์šฉ์€ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€” โ€œIt is only thatโ€ฆโ€ uses -๋‹ค ๋ฟ์ด์ง€.
๐Ÿ›ก๏ธ
Vocabulary Box
  • ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ โ†’ report
  • ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to review
  • ๋ฌธ์ œ โ†’ problem/issue
  • ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜๋‹ค โ†’ to be found
  • ์ •๋ถ€ โ†’ government
  • ๊ธฐ์—… โ†’ company
  • ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to participate
  • ์กฐ์šฉํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to be quiet
  • ์ฑ… โ†’ book
  • ๋งŽ์ด โ†’ a lot
  • ์ฝ๋‹ค โ†’ to read
  • ๋น„์šฉ โ†’ cost
  • ์ค„์ด๋‹ค โ†’ to reduce
  • ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ โ†’ efficiency
  • ๋†’์ด๋‹ค โ†’ to increase
  • ์ •์ฑ… โ†’ policy
  • ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to be necessary
  • ์‹คํ–‰ โ†’ implementation
  • ์–ด๋ ต๋‹ค โ†’ to be difficult
  • ์ž๋ฃŒ โ†’ data/material
  • ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to analyze
  • ์˜ค๋ฅ˜ โ†’ error
  • ํ™•์ธ๋˜๋‹ค โ†’ to be confirmed
  • ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to be important
  • ๋ณด๊ด€ํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to keep/store
  • ๋ฐ”์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ โ†’ according to what...
  • ์ ˆ์ฐจ โ†’ procedure
  • ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to proceed
  • ํ˜•์‹ โ†’ format
  • ๋‹ค๋ฅด๋‹ค โ†’ to be different
  • ๋‚ด์šฉ โ†’ content
  • ๊ฐ™๋‹ค โ†’ to be the same
Tip ๐Ÿ’ก Final audit: form, meaning, spacing, register. If all four behave, the sentence can stay.
ย 
๐ŸŽ‰ You repaired all 50! That is Level 6 connector editing muscle: spot the relationship, fix the form, respect spacing, and keep the register natural. Your Korean sentences now have cleaner wiring and fewer grammar gremlins. ๐Ÿง ๐Ÿ”—