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Advanced Logic Comprehension Quiz

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종합 퀴즈
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Advanced Grammar
🧠
TL;DR 🦄
  • 🧭 This quiz reviews advanced logic grammar for cause, concession, contrast, standards, and formal reasoning.
  • ⚖️ Your mission is not just “pick a grammar ending,” but to choose the ending that matches the sentence’s logic relationship.
  • 🏛️ The patterns here are especially useful for essays, reports, debates, careful explanations, and TOPIK-style reading.
🔊
🎧 Iru Helper Note — Use
Korean Helper Widgets
Korean Helper Widgets to hear any Korean sentence aloud. Advanced logic grammar is easier when your ears catch the connector rhythm, especially in long forms like -는데도 불구하고 [-neun-de-do bul-gu-ha-go] and -다 하더라도 [-da ha-deo-ra-do]. 🎙️
 

🌈 The Big Picture

Advanced Korean logic grammar works like a set of traffic signals for meaning. 🚦 One ending says “this caused that,” another says “even if this happens,” and another says “these two sides contrast.”
In this review, focus on the relationship between clause A and clause B:
  • 🧾 Cause → result: -(으)로 인하여 [-(eu)-ro in-ha-yeo], -(으)로 말미암아 [-(eu)-ro mal-mi-a-ma], -(으)ㄴ/는 나머지 [-(eu)n/neun na-meo-ji]
  • 🛡️ Concession: -(으)ㄹ지라도 [-(eu)l-ji-ra-do], -다 하더라도 [-da ha-deo-ra-do], -거늘 [-geo-neul]
  • ⚖️ Contrast / counter-argument: -(으)ㄴ/는데도 불구하고 [-(eu)n/neun-de-do bul-gu-ha-go], -(으)ㄴ/는 반면에 [-(eu)n/neun ban-myeon-e], -기는커녕 [-gi-neun-keo-nyeong]
  • 🧭 Standard / basis: -에 따라(서) [-e tta-ra-seo]
This page is a logic-comprehension quiz, so the Korean stays formal and analytical. Tiny grammar courtroom, big reasoning muscles. 🏛️💪

🎨 The Core Logic Families

1. Formal cause: “due to”

Use noun-based cause patterns when a cause creates an official, written, or report-like result.
  • 태풍으로 인하여 항공편이 지연되었습니다.
      • [tae-pung-eu-ro in-ha-yeo hang-gong-pyeo-ni ji-yeon-doe-eot-seum-ni-da]
      The flight was delayed due to the typhoon. 🌪️✈️
  • 폭우로 말미암아 도로가 통제되었습니다.
      • [po-gu-ro mal-mi-a-ma do-ro-ga tong-je-doe-eot-seum-ni-da]
      The road was closed due to heavy rain. 🌧️🛣️

2. Concession: “even if / despite that”

Use concession patterns when clause B remains true even if clause A is true.
  • 어려울지라도 계속하겠습니다.
      • [eo-ryeo-ul-ji-ra-do gye-sok-ha-get-seum-ni-da]
      Even if it is difficult, I will continue. 🧗
  • 시간이 부족하다 하더라도 검토는 해야 합니다.
      • [si-ga-ni bu-jo-ka-da ha-deo-ra-do geom-to-neun hae-ya ham-ni-da]
      Even if time is lacking, we still must review it. ⏳📄

3. Contrast: “whereas / despite / far from”

Use contrast patterns when two facts pull in different directions.
  • 가격은 높은 반면에 품질은 안정적입니다.
      • [ga-gyeo-geun no-peun ban-myeon-e pum-ji-reun an-jeong-jeo-gim-ni-da]
      The price is high, whereas the quality is stable. 🧾
  • 쉬기는커녕 밤새 일했습니다.
      • [swi-gi-neun-keo-nyeong bam-sae il-haet-seum-ni-da]
      Far from resting, I worked all night. 🌙

4. Standards and conditions: “according to / depending on”

Use -에 따라(서) [-e tta-ra-seo] when something follows or changes according to a noun.
  • 규정에 따라 서류를 제출해야 합니다.
      • [gyu-jeo-nge tta-ra seo-ryu-reul je-chul-hae-ya ham-ni-da]
      You must submit the documents according to the regulations. 📄

🛠️ How They Work in a Sentence

A. Cause with an official result

정전으로 인하여 서비스가 중단되었습니다.
[jeong-jeon-eu-ro in-ha-yeo seo-bi-seu-ga jung-dan-doe-eot-seum-ni-da]
The service was suspended due to a power outage. 🔌
정전 = power outage; 서비스 = service; 중단되다 = to be suspended.

B. Formal concession with a fixed conclusion

비용이 많이 든다 하더라도 안전을 먼저 생각해야 합니다.
[bi-yo-ngi ma-ni deun-da ha-deo-ra-do an-jeo-neul meon-jeo saeng-ga-kae-ya ham-ni-da]
Even if it costs a lot, we must think of safety first. 🛡️
비용 = cost; 안전 = safety; 먼저 = first.

C. Balanced contrast

자동화는 효율성을 높이는 반면에 일자리 불안을 키울 수 있습니다.
[ja-dong-hwa-neun hyo-yul-sseo-ngeul no-pi-neun ban-myeon-e il-ja-ri bu-ra-neul ki-ul su it-seum-ni-da]
Automation raises efficiency, while it can increase job insecurity. 🤖
효율성 = efficiency; 일자리 불안 = job insecurity.

🧩 General Formation Rule

  • N + (으)로 인하여 [N + (eu)-ro in-ha-yeo] → formal “due to N.”
  • N + (으)로 말미암아 [N + (eu)-ro mal-mi-a-ma] → very formal/literary “owing to N.”
  • A/V-(으)ㄴ 나머지 [A/V-(eu)n na-meo-ji] → overwhelmed cause leading to an unintended result.
  • A/V-(으)ㄹ지라도 [A/V-(eu)l-ji-ra-do] → formal/literary “even if.”
  • statement + 하더라도 [statement + ha-deo-ra-do] → “even supposing that...”
  • A/V/N + 데도 불구하고 [...de-do bul-gu-ha-go] → formal “despite the fact that...”
  • A/V/N + 반면에 [...ban-myeon-e] → balanced “whereas / while.”
  • V/A stem + 기는커녕 [...gi-neun-keo-nyeong] → “far from doing/being...”
  • N + 에 따라(서) [N + e tta-ra-seo] → “according to / depending on N.”

🚨 Exception and style reminders

  • Final consonant, except ㄹ, usually takes 으로; vowels and final ㄹ take 로.
  • -다 하더라도 uses a statement shape: 간다 하더라도, 어렵다 하더라도, 학생이라 하더라도.
  • -거늘 is literary and rhetorical; recognize it before using it casually.
  • -기는커녕 needs a strong “not even close” contrast, not a neutral replacement.

📚 Cross-check note

These advanced connector forms and their style notes were checked against the previously built Advanced Grammar lesson set and cross-checked with National Institute of Korean Language guidance from korean.go.kr. ✅

🪞 Synonym Alert

  • -(으)로 인하여 vs -(으)로 말미암아: both mean “due to,” but 말미암아 sounds heavier, older, and more literary.
  • -(으)ㄹ지라도 vs -다 하더라도: both can mean “even if,” but -다 하더라도 feels like formal reasoning that grants a whole statement.
  • -는데도 불구하고 vs 반면에: the first means “despite,” while the second balances two different true sides.
  • -에 따라 vs -에 따르면: use -에 따라 for following a rule or condition; use -에 따르면 for reporting a source.

⚠️ Pitfalls to Dodge

  • ❌ 뉴스에 따라 내일 비가 온다고 합니다. → ✅ 뉴스에 따르면 내일 비가 온다고 합니다. Use source-report grammar for “according to the news.” 📰
  • ❌ 학생다 하더라도 → ✅ 학생이라 하더라도. Noun identity needs -(이)라. 🎓
  • ❌ 태풍로 인하여 → ✅ 태풍으로 인하여. Final consonant takes 으로. 🌪️
  • ❌ 쉬기는커녕 조금 쉬었어요. → ✅ 쉬기는커녕 밤새 일했어요.. 커녕 needs a strong opposite or lower-bar result. 🌙
  • ❌ 빠른 반면에 신속합니다. → ✅ 빠른 반면에 정확도가 낮습니다.. 반면에 needs meaningful contrast. ⚖️
🧠 Bottom line: advanced logic grammar is not about memorizing one ending per English word. It is about asking, “What is the relationship between these two ideas?” Then the right connector politely raises its hand. ✋
 

Try this exercise

Instructions: Choose or complete the connector that best matches the logic. Read the Korean line aloud, check the English meaning, then open the Answer toggle.
1. 태풍＿＿＿＿ 항공편이 지연되었습니다.
[tae-pung＿＿＿＿ hang-gong-pyeo-ni ji-yeon-doe-eot-seum-ni-da]
The flight was delayed due to the typhoon. 🌪️
Answer
으로 인하여 — 태풍 ends in a consonant, and the sentence is formal cause-result.
2. 결과가 좋지 ＿＿＿＿ 끝까지 해 보겠습니다.
[gyeol-gwa-ga jo-chi ＿＿＿＿ kkeut-kka-ji hae bo-get-seum-ni-da]
Even if the result is not good, I will try until the end. 🎯
Answer
않을지라도 — formal concession: A may be true, but B still stands.
3. 규정＿＿＿＿ 서류를 제출해야 합니다.
[gyu-jeong＿＿＿＿ seo-ryu-reul je-chul-hae-ya ham-ni-da]
You must submit the documents according to the regulations. 📄
Answer
에 따라 — the sentence follows a rule/standard.
4. 자료를 충분히 검토했＿＿＿＿ 오류가 남아 있었습니다.
[ja-ryo-reul chung-bun-hi geom-to-haet＿＿＿＿ o-ryu-ga na-ma i-sseot-seum-ni-da]
Despite reviewing the materials thoroughly, errors remained. 📊
Answer
는데도 불구하고 — formal “despite the fact that.”
5. 쉬＿＿＿＿ 밤새 일했습니다.
[swi＿＿＿＿ bam-sae il-haet-seum-ni-da]
Far from resting, I worked all night. 🌙
Answer
기는커녕 — the result strongly rejects the expected action.
6. 시간이 부족하다 ＿＿＿＿ 검토는 해야 합니다.
[si-ga-ni bu-jo-ka-da ＿＿＿＿ geom-to-neun hae-ya ham-ni-da]
Even supposing time is lacking, we must review it. ⏳
Answer
하더라도 — formal reasoning that grants a whole statement.
7. 가격은 높은 ＿＿＿＿ 품질은 안정적입니다.
[ga-gyeo-geun no-peun ＿＿＿＿ pum-ji-reun an-jeong-jeo-gim-ni-da]
The price is high, whereas the quality is stable. 🧾
Answer
반면에 — balanced contrast between two true sides.
8. 너무 긴장한 ＿＿＿＿ 쉬운 문제도 틀렸습니다.
[neo-mu gin-jang-han ＿＿＿＿ swi-un mun-je-do teul-lyeot-seum-ni-da]
I was so nervous that I even got an easy question wrong. 😵‍💫
Answer
나머지 — excessive inner state causing an unintended result.
9. 선생님도 모르＿＿＿＿ 학생이 어찌 알겠습니까?
[seon-saeng-nim-do mo-reu＿＿＿＿ hak-sae-ngi eo-jji al-get-seum-ni-kka]
If even the teacher does not know, how could a student know? 🏛️
Answer
거늘 — literary/rhetorical “given that.”
10. 정책 변경＿＿＿＿ 불편을 줄이겠습니다.
[jeong-chaek byeon-gyeong＿＿＿＿ bul-pyeo-neul ju-ri-get-seum-ni-da]
We will reduce inconvenience caused by the policy change. 📜
Answer
으로 인한 — noun-modifying form: “caused by.”
📚
Vocabulary Box
  • 태풍 → typhoon
  • 항공편 → flight
  • 지연되다 → to be delayed
  • 결과 → result
  • 규정 → regulation
  • 서류 → documents
  • 제출하다 → to submit
  • 자료 → materials/data
  • 검토하다 → to review
  • 오류 → error
  • 쉬다 → to rest
  • 긴장하다 → to be nervous
  • 정책 변경 → policy change
Tip 💡 First identify the logic: cause, concession, contrast, standard, or rhetorical reasoning.
🚀
Want more reps? The Practice Hub below turns logic recognition into a full 50-question workout. 🧠
 
📦
🎯 Practice Hub — Advanced Logic Comprehension Quiz
 
Welcome to the advanced logic gym. 🧠 This Practice Hub trains you to read the relationship between two ideas before choosing the grammar: cause, concession, contrast, standard, or rhetorical reasoning. Think like a tiny Korean essay detective with excellent stationery. 🕵️‍♀️📎
 
🔊 Audio reminder: Use
Korean Helper Widgets
Korean Helper Widgets whenever you want to hear a completed sentence.
 
📝 Instructions: Fill each blank with the most logical Korean connector or form. Read the Korean sentence aloud, compare it with the English meaning, then open the Answer toggle.
 

Exercise 1 — Cause and Official Results 🧾

A. 정전＿＿＿＿ 서비스가 중단되었습니다.
[jeong-jeon＿＿＿＿ seo-bi-seu-ga jung-dan-doe-eot-seum-ni-da]
The service was suspended due to a power outage. 🔌
Answer
으로 인하여 — formal noun cause; 정전 ends in a consonant.
B. 화재＿＿＿＿ 출입이 제한되었습니다.
[hwa-jae＿＿＿＿ chu-ri-bi je-han-doe-eot-seum-ni-da]
Entry was restricted due to a fire. 🔥
Answer
로 인하여 — 화재 ends in a vowel.
C. 폭우＿＿＿＿ 도로가 통제되었습니다.
[po-gu＿＿＿＿ do-ro-ga tong-je-doe-eot-seum-ni-da]
The road was closed owing to heavy rain. 🌧️
Answer
로 말미암아 — very formal/literary cause-result.
D. 지진＿＿＿＿ 피해가 발생했습니다.
[ji-jin＿＿＿＿ pi-hae-ga bal-saeng-haet-seum-ni-da]
Damage occurred due to the earthquake. 🌍
Answer
으로 인하여 — consonant-ending cause noun + 으로.
E. 오류＿＿＿＿ 결제가 지연되었습니다.
[o-ryu＿＿＿＿ gyeol-je-ga ji-yeon-doe-eot-seum-ni-da]
Payment was delayed due to the error. ⚠️
Answer
로 인하여 — official cause, vowel-ending noun.
F. 실수＿＿＿＿ 혼란이 생겼습니다.
[sil-su＿＿＿＿ hol-la-ni saeng-gyeot-seum-ni-da]
Confusion arose owing to a mistake. 🧩
Answer
로 말미암아 — formal cause with a serious result.
G. 정책 변경＿＿＿＿ 변화가 확인되었습니다.
[jeong-chaek byeon-gyeong＿＿＿＿ byeon-hwa-ga hwa-gin-doe-eot-seum-ni-da]
Changes caused by the policy change were confirmed. 📜
Answer
으로 인한 — 인한 modifies the following noun.
H. 감염＿＿＿＿ 일정이 변경되었습니다.
[ga-myeom＿＿＿＿ il-jeo-ngi byeon-gyeong-doe-eot-seum-ni-da]
The schedule was changed due to infection. 🦠
Answer
으로 말미암아 — consonant-ending cause noun + heavier formal cause.
I. 공사＿＿＿＿ 주민이 불편을 겪었습니다.
[gong-sa＿＿＿＿ ju-mi-ni bul-pyeo-neul gyeo-geo-sseum-ni-da]
Residents experienced inconvenience due to construction. 🚧
Answer
로 인하여 — vowel-ending noun + formal cause.
J. 기후 변화로 ＿＿＿＿ 피해가 커지고 있습니다.
[gi-hu byeon-hwa-ro ＿＿＿＿ pi-hae-ga keo-ji-go it-seum-ni-da]
Damage caused by climate change is growing. 🌡️
Answer
말미암은 — noun-modifying form before 피해.
🧾
Vocabulary Box
  • 정전 → power outage
  • 서비스 → service
  • 중단되다 → to be suspended
  • 화재 → fire
  • 출입 → entry
  • 폭우 → heavy rain
  • 도로 → road
  • 지진 → earthquake
  • 피해 → damage
  • 오류 → error
  • 혼란 → confusion
  • 공사 → construction
Tip 💡 Formal cause patterns like official nouns and serious results.
 

Exercise 2 — Concession Logic 🛡️

A. 어렵다 → ＿＿＿＿ 계속하겠습니다.
[eo-ryeop-da → ＿＿＿＿ gye-sok-ha-get-seum-ni-da]
Even if it is difficult, I will continue. 🧗
Answer
어려울지라도 — ㅂ-irregular + formal “even if.”
B. 길이 멀다 → 길이 ＿＿＿＿ 직접 확인해야 합니다.
[gi-ri meol-da → gi-ri ＿＿＿＿ jik-jeop hwa-gi-nae-ya ham-ni-da]
Even if the road is far, we must check directly. 🛣️
Answer
멀지라도 — final ㄹ stem attaches 지라도.
C. 학생 → ＿＿＿＿ 책임을 져야 합니다.
[hak-saeng → ＿＿＿＿ chae-gi-meul jyeo-ya ham-ni-da]
Even if someone is a student, they must take responsibility. 🎓
Answer
학생일지라도 — noun + 일지라도.
D. 비용이 많이 들다 → 비용이 많이 ＿＿＿＿ 안전을 먼저 생각해야 합니다.
[bi-yo-ngi ma-ni deul-da → bi-yo-ngi ma-ni ＿＿＿＿ an-jeo-neul meon-jeo saeng-ga-kae-ya ham-ni-da]
Even if it costs a lot, we must think of safety first. 🛡️
Answer
든다 하더라도 — action statement + 하더라도.
E. 전문가 → ＿＿＿＿ 실수할 수 있습니다.
[jeon-mun-ga → ＿＿＿＿ sil-su-hal su it-seum-ni-da]
Even if someone is an expert, they can make mistakes. 🧑‍🏫
Answer
전문가라 하더라도 — vowel-ending noun + 라 하더라도.
F. 결과가 좋지 않았다 → ＿＿＿＿ 과정은 의미가 있습니다.
[gyeol-gwa-ga jo-chi a-na-tta → ＿＿＿＿ gwa-jeo-ngeun ui-mi-ga it-seum-ni-da]
Even if the result was not good, the process has meaning. 🌱
Answer
결과가 좋지 않았다 하더라도 — past statement stays inside the pattern.
G. 작은 도움 → ＿＿＿＿ 큰 힘이 될 수 있습니다.
[ja-geun do-um → ＿＿＿＿ keun hi-mi doel su it-seum-ni-da]
Even if it is small help, it can become great strength. 🤝
Answer
작은 도움일지라도 — noun phrase + 일지라도.
H. 계획이 복잡하다 → ＿＿＿＿ 차근차근 진행하면 됩니다.
[gye-hoe-gi bok-ja-pa-da → ＿＿＿＿ cha-geun-cha-geun jin-haeng-ha-myeon doem-ni-da]
Even if the plan is complicated, it is fine if you proceed step by step. 🧭
Answer
계획이 복잡하다 하더라도 — descriptive statement + 하더라도.
I. 늦었다 → 조금 ＿＿＿＿ 연락은 해야 합니다.
[neu-jeo-tta → jo-geum ＿＿＿＿ yeol-la-geun hae-ya ham-ni-da]
Even if it was a little late, contact was still necessary. 🕰️
Answer
늦었다 하더라도 — past concession.
J. 비판을 받다 → 비판을 ＿＿＿＿ 설명해야 합니다.
[bi-pa-neul bat-da → bi-pa-neul ＿＿＿＿ seol-myeong-hae-ya ham-ni-da]
Even if we receive criticism, we must explain. 📣
Answer
받을지라도 — consonant verb stem + 을지라도.
🛡️
Vocabulary Box
  • 어렵다 → to be difficult
  • 계속하다 → to continue
  • 길 → road/way
  • 직접 → directly
  • 학생 → student
  • 책임을 지다 → to take responsibility
  • 비용 → cost
  • 안전 → safety
  • 전문가 → expert
  • 과정 → process
  • 비판 → criticism
Tip 💡 Concession means the second clause stays true even if the first clause is accepted.
 

Exercise 3 — Contrast and Counter-argument ⚖️

A. 이 방법은 절차가 ＿＿＿＿ 반면에 책임 소재가 불분명합니다.
[i bang-beo-beun jeol-cha-ga ＿＿＿＿ ban-myeon-e chae-gim so-jae-ga bul-bun-myeong-ham-ni-da]
This method has simple procedures, whereas responsibility is unclear. 🗂️
Answer
간단한 — descriptive verb + -(으)ㄴ 반면에.
B. 수요는 ＿＿＿＿ 반면에 공급은 줄어들고 있습니다.
[su-yo-neun ＿＿＿＿ ban-myeon-e gong-geu-beun ju-reo-deul-go it-seum-ni-da]
Demand is increasing, while supply is decreasing. 📊
Answer
증가하는 — action verb + -는 반면에.
C. 신입 사원＿＿＿＿ 회의를 능숙하게 진행했습니다.
[si-nip sa-won＿＿＿＿ hoe-ui-reul neung-su-ka-ge jin-haeng-haet-seum-ni-da]
Despite being a new employee, they led the meeting skillfully. 💼
Answer
인데도 불구하고 — noun identity + formal “despite.”
D. 날씨가 ＿＿＿＿ 불구하고 사람들이 밖에 모였습니다.
[nal-ssi-ga ＿＿＿＿ bul-gu-ha-go sa-ram-deu-ri ba-kke mo-yeot-seum-ni-da]
Despite the weather being cold, people gathered outside. 🧥
Answer
추운데도 — 춥다 is ㅂ-irregular.
E. 자동화는 효율성을 ＿＿＿＿ 반면에 일자리 불안을 키울 수 있습니다.
[ja-dong-hwa-neun hyo-yul-sseo-ngeul ＿＿＿＿ ban-myeon-e il-ja-ri bu-ra-neul ki-ul su it-seum-ni-da]
Automation raises efficiency, while it can increase job insecurity. 🤖
Answer
높이는 — action verb + -는 반면에.
F. 자료가 ＿＿＿＿ 불구하고 핵심은 분명했습니다.
[ja-ryo-ga ＿＿＿＿ bul-gu-ha-go haek-si-meun bun-myeong-haet-seum-ni-da]
Despite there being a lot of material, the main point was clear. 📚
Answer
많은데도 — descriptive verb + 은데도.
G. 이 결정은 빠른 해결책＿＿＿＿ 반면에 장기적 위험도 있습니다.
[i gyeol-jeo-ngeun ppa-reun hae-gyeol-chaek＿＿＿＿ ban-myeon-e jang-gi-jeok wi-heom-do it-seum-ni-da]
This decision is a quick solution, while it also has long-term risks. ⏱️
Answer
인 — noun phrase + 인 반면에.
H. 거리가 ＿＿＿＿ 불구하고 직접 찾아갔습니다.
[geo-ri-ga ＿＿＿＿ bul-gu-ha-go jik-jeop cha-ja-ga-sseum-ni-da]
Despite the distance being far, I visited in person. 🧭
Answer
먼데도 — 멀다 drops ㄹ before ㄴ.
I. 그 의견은 설득력이 ＿＿＿＿ 반면에 근거가 약합니다.
[geu ui-gyeo-neun seol-deuk-ryeo-gi ＿＿＿＿ ban-myeon-e geun-geo-ga ya-kam-ni-da]
That opinion is persuasive, whereas its evidence is weak. 🗣️
Answer
있는 — 설득력이 있다 becomes 설득력이 있는 반면에.
J. 충분히 설명했＿＿＿＿ 오해가 생겼습니다.
[chung-bun-hi seol-myeong-haet＿＿＿＿ o-hae-ga saeng-gyeot-seum-ni-da]
Despite explaining enough, a misunderstanding occurred. 💬
Answer
는데도 불구하고 — past action + formal contrast.
⚖️
Vocabulary Box
  • 방법 → method
  • 절차 → procedure
  • 책임 소재 → where responsibility lies
  • 수요 → demand
  • 공급 → supply
  • 신입 사원 → new employee
  • 능숙하다 → to be skillful
  • 자동화 → automation
  • 설득력 → persuasiveness
  • 근거 → evidence/grounds
Tip 💡 Use 반면에 for balanced contrast; use 불구하고 for “despite.”
 

Exercise 4 — Standards, Rhetoric, and “Far From” 🧭

A. 법＿＿＿＿ 절차를 진행했습니다.
[beop＿＿＿＿ jeol-cha-reul jin-haeng-haet-seum-ni-da]
We proceeded with the procedure according to the law. ⚖️
Answer
에 따라 — following a law/standard.
B. 상황＿＿＿＿ 방법을 선택하세요.
[sang-hwang＿＿＿＿ bang-beo-beul seon-taek-ha-se-yo]
Choose the method depending on the situation. 🧰
Answer
에 따라 — choice changes by condition.
C. 계절＿＿＿＿ 메뉴가 달라집니다.
[gye-jeol＿＿＿＿ me-nyu-ga dal-la-jim-ni-da]
The menu changes depending on the season. 🍲
Answer
에 따라 — natural variation by season.
D. 어른도 모르＿＿＿＿ 아이가 어찌 알겠습니까?
[eo-reun-do mo-reu＿＿＿＿ a-i-ga eo-jji al-get-seum-ni-kka]
If even adults do not know, how could a child know? 🏛️
Answer
거늘 — literary/rhetorical reasoning.
E. 이미 약속했＿＿＿＿ 이제 와서 취소할 수 없습니다.
[i-mi yak-so-kaet＿＿＿＿ i-je wa-seo chwi-so-hal su eop-seum-ni-da]
Given that we already promised, we cannot cancel now. 🤝
Answer
거늘 — formal “given that.”
F. 밥＿＿＿＿ 물도 못 마셨습니다.
[bap＿＿＿＿ mul-do mot ma-syeot-seum-ni-da]
I could not even drink water, let alone eat a meal. 💧
Answer
은커녕 — consonant-ending noun + strong lower-bar contrast.
G. 고치＿＿＿＿ 더 망쳐 놓았습니다.
[go-chi＿＿＿＿ deo mang-chyeo no-a-sseum-ni-da]
Far from fixing it, someone made it worse. 🔧
Answer
기는커녕 — verb stem + 기는커녕.
H. 지역＿＿＿＿ 발음이 조금 달라질 수 있습니다.
[ji-yeok＿＿＿＿ ba-reu-mi jo-geum dal-la-jil su it-seum-ni-da]
Pronunciation may differ a little depending on the region. 🗺️
Answer
에 따라 — variation by region.
I. 도움＿＿＿＿ 오히려 방해가 되었습니다.
[do-um＿＿＿＿ o-hi-ryeo bang-hae-ga doe-eot-seum-ni-da]
Far from being help, it actually became a hindrance. 🚧
Answer
은커녕 — noun + strong reversal with 오히려.
J. 뉴스＿＿＿＿ 내일 비가 온다고 합니다.
[nyu-seu＿＿＿＿ nae-il bi-ga on-da-go ham-ni-da]
According to the news, it will rain tomorrow. 📰
Answer
에 따르면 — source-report phrase; not 에 따라.
🧭
Vocabulary Box
  • 법 → law
  • 상황 → situation
  • 방법 → method
  • 계절 → season
  • 메뉴 → menu
  • 어른 → adult
  • 약속하다 → to promise
  • 밥 → rice/meal
  • 물 → water
  • 고치다 → to fix
  • 방해 → hindrance
  • 뉴스 → news
Tip 💡 Standards use 에 따라; source reports use 에 따르면.
 

Exercise 5 — Mixed Mastery + Pitfall Patrol 🛡️

A. ❌ 태풍로 인하여 항공편이 지연되었습니다. → ✅ ＿＿＿＿
[tae-pung-ro in-ha-yeo hang-gong-pyeo-ni ji-yeon-doe-eot-seum-ni-da → ＿＿＿＿]
Fix the formal cause phrase. 🌪️
Answer
태풍으로 인하여 항공편이 지연되었습니다. — final consonant ㅇ takes 으로.
B. ❌ 학생다 하더라도 책임은 있습니다. → ✅ ＿＿＿＿
[hak-saeng-da ha-deo-ra-do chae-gi-meun it-seum-ni-da → ＿＿＿＿]
Fix the noun statement form. 🎓
Answer
학생이라 하더라도 책임은 있습니다. — noun identity uses -(이)라 하더라도.
C. ❌ 상황을 따라 계획이 바뀔 수 있습니다. → ✅ ＿＿＿＿
[sang-hwang-eul tta-ra gye-hoe-gi ba-kkwil su it-seum-ni-da → ＿＿＿＿]
Fix the “depending on the situation” phrase. 🔀
Answer
상황에 따라 계획이 바뀔 수 있습니다. — condition/standard uses 에 따라.
D. ❌ 쉬기는커녕 조금 쉬었습니다. → ✅ ＿＿＿＿
[swi-gi-neun-keo-nyeong jo-geum swi-eot-seum-ni-da → ＿＿＿＿]
Make the contrast strong enough. 🌙
Answer
쉬기는커녕 밤새 일했습니다. — 커녕 needs a sharp “far from” result.
E. ❌ 춥은데도 불구하고 사람들이 모였습니다. → ✅ ＿＿＿＿
[chu-beun-de-do bul-gu-ha-go sa-ram-deu-ri mo-yeot-seum-ni-da → ＿＿＿＿]
Fix the ㅂ-irregular form. ❄️
Answer
추운데도 불구하고 사람들이 모였습니다. — 춥다 → 추운데도.
F. ❌ 빠른 반면에 신속합니다. → ✅ ＿＿＿＿
[ppa-reun ban-myeon-e sin-so-kam-ni-da → ＿＿＿＿]
Make the two sides meaningfully contrast. ⚖️
Answer
빠른 반면에 정확도가 낮습니다. — 반면에 needs contrast, not a same-direction synonym.
G. ❌ 받다 하더라도 설명해야 합니다. → ✅ ＿＿＿＿
[bat-da ha-deo-ra-do seol-myeong-hae-ya ham-ni-da → ＿＿＿＿]
Fix the action statement before 하더라도. 📩
Answer
받는다 하더라도 설명해야 합니다. — action verbs need plain statement form.
H. ❌ 뉴스에 따라 내일 비가 온다고 합니다. → ✅ ＿＿＿＿
[nyu-seu-e tta-ra nae-il bi-ga on-da-go ham-ni-da → ＿＿＿＿]
Fix the source-report phrase. 📰
Answer
뉴스에 따르면 내일 비가 온다고 합니다. — use 에 따르면 for information sources.
I. ❌ 먹지라도 계속하겠습니다. → ✅ ＿＿＿＿
[meok-ji-ra-do gye-sok-ha-get-seum-ni-da → ＿＿＿＿]
Fix the consonant-stem -(으)ㄹ지라도 form. 🍚
Answer
먹을지라도 계속하겠습니다. — consonant stem + 을지라도.
J. ❌ 긴장하는 나머지 쉬운 문제도 틀렸습니다. → ✅ ＿＿＿＿
[gin-jang-ha-neun na-meo-ji swi-un mun-je-do teul-lyeot-seum-ni-da → ＿＿＿＿]
Fix the completed overwhelmed-state form. 😵‍💫
Answer
긴장한 나머지 쉬운 문제도 틀렸습니다. — use 긴장한 나머지 for the state that led to the mistake.
🛡️
Vocabulary Box
  • 태풍 → typhoon
  • 항공편 → flight
  • 학생 → student
  • 책임 → responsibility
  • 상황 → situation
  • 계획 → plan
  • 쉬다 → to rest
  • 춥다 → to be cold
  • 정확도 → accuracy
  • 받다 → to receive
  • 먹다 → to eat
  • 긴장하다 → to be nervous
Tip 💡 Pitfall patrol asks two questions: “Is the form correct?” and “Does the logic actually fit?”
 
🎉 You finished the Advanced Logic Comprehension Quiz! You can now read Korean connectors like tiny road signs for thought: cause, contrast, concession, standards, and serious rhetorical reasoning. Grammar GPS upgraded. 🧭✨